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The aim of this pilot study was to investigate whether PDA status could be assessed from standard neonatal intensive care monitoring. Electrocardiography (ECG) and blood pressure (BP) waveforms were acquired from extremely preterm infants using standard neonatal monitors. We developed software using MATLAB to analyse ECG and BP waveforms and their interrelationships in terms of pulse transit time (PTT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV). The times from peak systolic BP to diastolic trough (BPFt) and from the diastolic trough to peak systolic BP (BPRt) were also calculated. PTT, BPFt and BPRt were normalised for heart rate (HR) termed NPTT, NBPFt and NBPRt, respectively. ECG, invasive aortic BP monitoring and echocardiography were performed in 14 preterm infants\u2009&lt;\u200929\u00a0weeks\u2019 gestation in the first 3\u00a0days after birth. The median (range) birth weight of the infants was 0.90 (0.48\u20131.31) kg, gestation 26.6 (24.0\u201328.7) weeks, PDA diameter 1.6 (0.8\u20133.6) mm and mean BP 32 (16\u201340) mmHg. We found a significant positive correlation between PDA diameter and NPTT (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.69,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007) as well as NBPFt (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.65,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.012) and NBPRt (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.71,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005). No relationship was found between PDA diameter and pulse pressure.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>: Interrelationships between ECG and BP traces as well as BP waveform time analysis are straightforward to measure and associated with PDA diameter. The results of this pilot study suggest that this approach may help provide biomarkers for continuous monitoring PDA diameter and function.<jats:table-wrap><jats:table><jats:tbody><jats:tr><jats:td colspan=\"2\"><jats:bold>What is Known:<\/jats:bold><jats:italic>\u2022 Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants is associated with increased risk of developing chronic lung disease, necrotising enterocolitis and cerebral injury.<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>\u2022 Currently PDA is assessed intermittently using echocardiography which requires considerable expertise and sometimes is not well tolerated by critically ill preterm infants.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:td><\/jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td colspan=\"2\"><jats:bold>What is New:<\/jats:bold><jats:italic>\u2022 Blood pressure (BP) and ECG waveform interrelation and BP trace time analysis, taking account of heart rate, relate to PDA diameter.<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>\u2022 ECG and BP waveform phase difference as well as BP waveform time analysis may be useful in the continuous assessment of PDA function.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:td><\/jats:tr><\/jats:tbody><\/jats:table><\/jats:table-wrap><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-021-04311-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,8]],"date-time":"2021-11-08T13:02:37Z","timestamp":1636376557000},"page":"1117-1124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Assessing patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants from standard neonatal intensive care monitoring"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"181","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2455-9645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charalampos","family":"Kotidis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1672-3970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Wertheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Weindling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2047-8875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heike","family":"Rabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5299-8656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark A.","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"4311_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benitz WE (2016) Patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants. 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REC reference: 14\/NW\/1274. Details of the protocol available at(accessed on 03\/10\/2021).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Parental consent given.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}