{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:23:10Z","timestamp":1786980190990,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]],"date-time":"2023-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]],"date-time":"2023-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Pediatr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study aims to explore the prevalence of creatinine kinase elevation amongst a sample of Dutch adolescents admitted for acute alcohol intoxication. The data on all admitted adolescents\u2009&lt;\u200918\u00a0years old with acute alcohol intoxication between 2008 and 2021 were collected from a Dutch major district general hospital, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, in Delft. Overall, 495 adolescents who were treated for symptoms of acute alcohol intoxication during this period were included in the study. When evaluating the blood samples of the included patients, elevated creatinine kinase levels were found in 60% of the cases, with a mean of 254\u00a0U\/I (normal value\u2009\u2264\u2009145\u00a0U\/I). A confirmed diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis (increase in CK\u2009&gt;\u2009fivefold the upper limit of normal) was present in 4.4% of cases. Moreover, using a linear regression this study found that a higher blood alcohol concentration was associated with higher creatinine kinase levels, when adjusted for positive drug screenings amongst the adolescents with acute alcohol intoxication (p\u2009=\u20090.027; \u03b2\u2009=\u200966.88; 95% CI 7.68\u2009\u2212\u2009126.08).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    \u00a0 \u00a0\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n                    : This is the first study focusing on how acute alcohol intoxication affects adolescents\u2019 muscle tissue. The results could potentially help to prevent alcohol use within the sports world. It could also aid understanding of how acute alcohol intoxication influences the breakdown of adolescents\u2019 muscle tissue.\n                    <jats:table-wrap>\n                      <jats:table>\n                        <jats:tbody>\n                          <jats:tr>\n                            <jats:td colspan=\"2\">\n                              <jats:bold>What is Known:<\/jats:bold>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Alcohol, alongside pharmaceutical agents and illicit drugs, is a significant cause of rhabdomyolysis \n(increase in creatinine kinase &gt; fivefold the upper limit of normal).<\/jats:italic>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Creatinine kinase elevation in alcohol intoxicated patients\u00a0may be as a result of direct \u201cmuscular\u201d toxicity\u201d (myotoxicity) or from prolonged immobilization and ischemic compression induced by coma.<\/jats:italic>\n                            <\/jats:td>\n                          <\/jats:tr>\n                          <jats:tr>\n                            <jats:td colspan=\"2\">\n                              <jats:bold>What is New:<\/jats:bold>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Our retrospective cohort study is a pioneer in addressing the effect of acute alcohol intoxication \namongst adolescents (&lt; 18 years) upon muscle tissue (creatinine kinase level) within a large population.\u00a0When evaluating the blood samples of the included population, \nelevated creatinine kinase levels were found in 60% of the cases, with a mean of 254 U\/I\u00a0(normal value\u2009\u2264\u2009145\u00a0U\/I).<\/jats:italic>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 There is an association between alcohol intoxication and elevated creatinine kinase levels amongst \nadolescents. Future research is needed to further understand the pathophysiology and causality of this interaction.<\/jats:italic>\n                            <\/jats:td>\n                          <\/jats:tr>\n                        <\/jats:tbody>\n                      <\/jats:table>\n                    <\/jats:table-wrap>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-023-04820-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]],"date-time":"2023-01-20T18:46:36Z","timestamp":1674240396000},"page":"1371-1375","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Elevated creatinine kinase levels amongst Dutch adolescents with acute alcohol intoxication"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"182","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9412-989X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louise","family":"Pigeaud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5218-7274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Loes","family":"de Veld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6996-0099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nico","family":"van der Lely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"4820_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2019) Global status report on alcohol and health 2018:\u00a0World Health Organization"},{"key":"4820_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pigeaud L, de Veld L, van Hoof J, van der Lely N (2021) Acute alcohol intoxication in Dutch adolescents before, during, and after the first COVID-19 lockdown. 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Both the medical ethical commission Leiden-Den Haag-Delft (<i>METC code G1.192<\/i>), and the research committee of the Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis approved the manner of data collection adopted in this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The included patients gave consent for data collection using the Paediatric alcohol questionnaire. When adolescents were\u2009<\u200916\u00a0years old, parents gave additional permission for data collection.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}