{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T21:46:35Z","timestamp":1789076795783,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]],"date-time":"2023-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674691200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]],"date-time":"2023-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Pediatr"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-023-04825-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]],"date-time":"2023-01-26T04:41:38Z","timestamp":1674708098000},"page":"1601-1609","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Incidental hypertransaminasemia in children\u2014a stepwise approach in primary care"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"182","author":[{"given":"Joana Meneses","family":"Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara Martins","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ermelinda","family":"Santos-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Moreira-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"4825_CR1","first-page":"369","volume":"12","author":"A Costaguta","year":"2014","unstructured":"Costaguta A, \u00c1lvarez F (2014) El ni\u00f1o con hipertransaminasemia: \u00bfC\u00f3mo continuar? Arch Argent Pediatr 12(4):369\u2013374","journal-title":"Arch Argent Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"4825_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.3121\/cmr.2.2.129","volume":"2","author":"SH Yale","year":"2004","unstructured":"Musana KA, Yale SH, Abdulkarim AS (2004) Tests of liver injury. Clin Med Res 2(2):129\u2013131","journal-title":"Clin Med Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"4825_CR3","first-page":"151","volume":"16","author":"F Serdaroglu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Serdaroglu F, Koca T, Dereci S, Akcam M (2016) The etiology of hypertransaminasemia in Turkish children. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 16(2):151\u2013156","journal-title":"Bosn J Basic Med Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"4825_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-005-1635-7","volume":"40","author":"R Iorio","year":"2005","unstructured":"Iorio R, Sepe A, Giannattasio A, Cirillo F, Vegnente A (2005) Hypertransaminasemia in childhood as a marker of genetic liver disorders. J Gastroenterol 40(8):820\u2013826","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4825_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.1040752","volume":"172","author":"EG Giannini","year":"2005","unstructured":"Giannini EG, Testa R, Savarino V (2005) Liver enzyme alteration: a guide for clinicians. CMAJ 172(3):367\u2013379","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"issue":"18","key":"4825_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2740","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i18.2740","volume":"19","author":"P Vajro","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vajro P, Maddaluno S, Veropalumbo C (2013) Persistent hypertransaminasemia in asymptomatic children: a stepwise approach. World J Gastroenterol 19(18):2740\u20132751","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"4825_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200004273421707","volume":"342","author":"D Pratt","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pratt D, Kaplan M (2000) Evaluation of abnormal liver-enzyme results in asymptomatic patients. N Eng J Med 342:1266\u20131271","journal-title":"N Eng J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"4825_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.08.077","volume":"133","author":"A Fraser","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fraser A, Longnecker MP, Lawlor DA (2007) Prevalence of elevated alanine aminotransferase among US adolescents and associated factors: NHANES 1999\u20132004. Gastroenterology 133(6):1814\u20131820","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"6","key":"4825_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3182660669","volume":"55","author":"SH Park","year":"2012","unstructured":"Park SH, Park HY, Kang JW, Park J, Shin KJ (2012) Aminotransferase upper reference limits and the prevalence of elevated aminotransferases in the Korean adolescent population. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 55(6):668\u2013672","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"9","key":"4825_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-2980.12072","volume":"14","author":"M Purcell","year":"2013","unstructured":"Purcell M, Flores YN, Zhang ZF, Denova-Guti\u00e9rrez E, Salmeron J (2013) Prevalence and predictors of alanine aminotransferase elevation among normal weight, overweight and obese youth in Mexico. J Dig Dis 14(9):491\u2013499","journal-title":"J Dig Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"4825_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-019-03328-5","volume":"178","author":"H Moreira-Silva","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moreira-Silva H, Maio I, Bandeira A, Gomes-Martins E, Santos-Silva E (2019) Metabolic liver diseases presenting with neonatal cholestasis: at the crossroad between old and new paradigms. Eur J Pediatr 178(4):515\u2013523","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"4825_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/256426","volume":"2013","author":"SA Al-Busafi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Al-Busafi SA, Hilzenrat N (2013) Mild hypertransaminasemia in primary care. ISRN Hepatol 2013:1\u20136","journal-title":"ISRN Hepatol"},{"key":"4825_CR13","unstructured":"Nobre S (2017) Crian\u00e7a assintom\u00e1tica com eleva\u00e7\u00e3o das transaminases - algoritmo de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o. Soc Port Gastroenterol Hepatol e Nutr Pedi\u00e1trica 1\u20137"},{"issue":"4","key":"4825_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.36061","volume":"123","author":"RM Green","year":"2002","unstructured":"Green RM, Flamm S (2002) AGA technical review on the evaluation of liver chemistry tests. Gastroenterology 123(4):1367\u20131384","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"4825_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2016-311935","volume":"103","author":"R Hegarty","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hegarty R, Dhawan A (2018) Fifteen-minute consultation: the child with an incidental finding of elevated aminotransferases. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed 103(5):228\u2013230","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed"},{"issue":"1","key":"4825_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1097\/01.WNO.0000161657.98895.97","volume":"41","author":"R Kohli","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kohli R, Harris DC, Whitington PF (2005) Relative elevations of serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferase in muscular dystrophy. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 41(1):121\u2013124","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"4825_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.14218\/JCTH.2017.00027","volume":"5","author":"M Malakouti","year":"2017","unstructured":"Malakouti M, Kataria A, Ali SK, Schenker S (2017) Elevated liver enzymes in asymptomatic patients \u2013 what should i do? J Clin Transl Hepatol 5(4):394\u2013403","journal-title":"J Clin Transl Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4825_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000003268","volume":"74","author":"JE Squires","year":"2022","unstructured":"Squires JE, Alonso EM, Ibrahim SH, Kasper V, Kehar M, Martinez M et al (2022) North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition position paper on the diagnosis and management of pediatric acute liver failure. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 74(1):138\u2013158","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"4825_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2015.07.013","volume":"73","author":"HA Stirnadel-Farrant","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stirnadel-Farrant HA, Galwey N, Bains C, Yancey C, Hunt CM (2015) Children\u2019s liver chemistries vary with age and gender and require customized pediatric reference ranges. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 73(1):349\u2013355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yrtph.2015.07.013","journal-title":"Regul Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4825_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31818fc63b","volume":"49","author":"K England","year":"2009","unstructured":"England K, Thorne C, Pembrey L, Tovo PA, Newell ML (2009) Age-and sex-related reference ranges of alanine aminotransferase levels in children: European paediatric HCV Network. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 49(1):71\u201377","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"4825_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.12.052","volume":"138","author":"JB Schwimmer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schwimmer JB, Dunn W, Norman GJ, Pardee PE, Middleton MS, Kerkar N et al (2010) SAFETY study: alanine aminotransferase cutoff values are set too high for reliable detection of pediatric chronic liver disease. Gastroenterology 138(4):1357-1364.e2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.12.052","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"4825_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bussler S, Vogel M, Pietzner D, Harms K, Buzek T, Penke M et al (2018) New pediatric percentiles of liver enzyme serum levels (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, \u03b3-glutamyltransferase): effects of age, sex, body massa index, and pubertal stage. Hepatology 1","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29542"},{"issue":"10","key":"4825_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2009.02.048","volume":"41","author":"V Nobili","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nobili V, Reale A, Alisi A, Morino G, Trenta I, Pisani M et al (2009) Elevated serum ALT in children presenting to the emergency unit: relationship with NAFLD. Dig Liver Dis 41(10):749\u2013752","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"4825_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2007.121194","volume":"92","author":"N Bugeac","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bugeac N, Pacht A, Mandel H, Iancu T, Tamir A, Srugo I et al (2007) The significance of isolated elevation of serum aminotransferases in infants and young children. Arch Dis Child 92(12):1109\u20131112","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"10","key":"4825_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2010.01730.x","volume":"48","author":"C Veropalumbo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Veropalumbo C, Del Giudice E, Esposito G, Maddaluno S, Ruggiero L, Vajro P (2012) Aminotransferases and muscular diseases: a disregarded lesson. Case reports and review of the literature. J Paediatr Child Health 48(10):886\u2013890","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"4825_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vos MB, Abrams SH, Barlow SE, Caprio S, Daniels SR, Kohli R et al (2018) HHS Public Access. 64:319\u2013334","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001482"},{"issue":"3","key":"4825_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2012.03.026","volume":"36","author":"W Janczyk","year":"2012","unstructured":"Janczyk W, Socha P (2012) Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 36(3):297\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinre.2012.03.026","journal-title":"Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4825_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e318252a13f","volume":"54","author":"P Vajro","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vajro P, Lenta S, Socha P, Dhawan A, McKiernan P, Baumann U et al (2012) Diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children and adolescents: position paper of the ESPGHAN hepatology committee. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 54(5):700\u2013713","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"4825_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.5223\/pghn.2013.16.4.225","volume":"16","author":"KS Kang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kang KS (2013) Abnormality on liver function test. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr 16(4):225\u2013232","journal-title":"Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr"},{"issue":"12","key":"4825_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e420","DOI":"10.3928\/19382359-20161114-01","volume":"45","author":"A Chugh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chugh A, Maximos M, Perlman M, Gonzalez-Peralta RP (2016) Viral hepatitis in children: a through E. Pediatr Ann 45(12):e420\u2013e426","journal-title":"Pediatr Ann"},{"issue":"5","key":"4825_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1097\/01.smj.0000216469.04854.2a","volume":"99","author":"NF Crum","year":"2006","unstructured":"Crum NF (2006) Epstein Barr Virus hepatitis: case series and review. South Med J 99(5):544\u2013547","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"4825_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedp.2016.01.007","volume":"92","author":"V Bolis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bolis V, Karadedos C, Chiotis I, Chaliasos N, Tsabouri S (2016) Atypical manifestations of Epstein-Barr virus in children: a diagnostic challenge. J Pediatr (Vers\u00e3o em Port) 92(2):113\u2013121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedp.2016.01.007","journal-title":"J Pediatr (Vers\u00e3o em Port)"},{"key":"4825_CR33","unstructured":"Demmler-Harrison GJ (2020) Overview of cytomegalovirus infections in children. UPTODATE"},{"issue":"5","key":"4825_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000000620","volume":"115","author":"L Pan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pan L, Mu M, Yang P, Sun Y, Wang R, Yan J et al (2020) Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms in Hubei, China: a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study. Am J Gastroenterol 115(5):766\u2013773","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4825_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-020-1851-5","volume":"57","author":"J Matthai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Matthai J, Shanmugam N, Sobhan P (2020) Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the gastrointestinal system in children. Indian Pediatr 57(6):533\u2013535","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"issue":"26","key":"4825_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3951","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v27.i26.3951","volume":"27","author":"AE Gracia-Ramos","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gracia-Ramos AE, Jaquez-Quintana JO, Contreras-Oma\u00f1a R, Auron M (2021) Liver dysfunction and SARS-CoV-2 infection. World J Gastroenterol 27(26):3951\u20133970","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"4825_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000264","volume":"27","author":"MD Amin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Amin MD, Harpavat S, Leung DH (2015) Drug-induced liver injury in children. Curr Opin Pediatr 27:625\u2013633","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"4825_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.12-0564","volume":"143","author":"JA Bornhorst","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bornhorst JA, Greene DN, Ashwood ER, Grenache DG (2013) \u03b11-Antitrypsin phenotypes and associated serum protein concentrations in a large clinical population. Chest 143(4):1000\u20131008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.12-0564","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"8","key":"4825_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1080\/17474124.2018.1477589","volume":"12","author":"S Townsend","year":"2018","unstructured":"Townsend S, Newsome P, Turner AM (2018) Presentation and prognosis of liver disease in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 12(8):745\u2013747. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17474124.2018.1477589","journal-title":"Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4825_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14035","volume":"39","author":"M Ruiz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ruiz M, Lacaille F, Berthiller J, Joly P, Dumortier J, Aumar M et al (2019) Liver disease related to alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency in French children: the DEFI-ALPHA cohort. Liver Int 39(6):1136\u20131146","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"15","key":"4825_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1910234","volume":"382","author":"P Strnad","year":"2020","unstructured":"Strnad P, McElvaney NG, Lomas DA (2020) Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency. N Engl J Med 382(15):1443\u20131455","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"4825_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jped.2018.04.007","volume":"95","author":"G Porta","year":"2019","unstructured":"Porta G, de Carvalho E, Santos JL, Gama J, Borges CV, Seixas RBPM et al (2019) Autoimmune hepatitis in 828 Brazilian children and adolescents: clinical and laboratory findings, histological profile, treatments, and outcomes. J Pediatr (Rio J) 95(4):419\u2013427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jped.2018.04.007","journal-title":"J Pediatr (Rio J)"},{"key":"4825_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001801","volume":"66","author":"G Mieli-Vergani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mieli-Vergani G, Vergani D, Baumann U, Czubkowski P, Debray D, Dezsofi A et al (2018) Diagnosis and management of pediatric autoimmune liver disease: ESPGHAN Hepatology Committee position statement. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 66:345\u2013360","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"9","key":"4825_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640619872408","volume":"7","author":"S Pape","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pape S, Schramm C, Gevers TJG (2019) Clinical management of autoimmune hepatitis. United Eur Gastroenterol J 7(9):1156\u20131163","journal-title":"United Eur Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"4825_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.011","volume":"21","author":"ML Schilsky","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schilsky ML (2017) Wilson disease Wilson disease copper ceruloplasmin liver failure. Clin Liver Dis 21:6520. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.011","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"key":"4825_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Roberts EA, Socha P (2017) Wilson disease in children. Handbook of clinical neurology, 1st ed. vol. 142. Elsevier B.V, 141\u2013156 p. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-444-63625-6.00012-4","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-63625-6.00012-4"},{"issue":"2","key":"4825_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001787","volume":"66","author":"P Socha","year":"2018","unstructured":"Socha P, Janczyk W, Dhawan A, Baumann U, D\u2019Antiga L, Tanner S et al (2018) Wilson\u2019s disease in children: a position paper by the Hepatology Committee of the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 66(2):334\u2013344","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"4825_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-013-0436-y","volume":"9","author":"J Hui","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hui J, Yuen YP, Chow CM, Chong J, Chiang G, Cheung CK et al (2013) Isolated persistent elevation of alanine transaminase for early diagnosis of pre-symptomatic Wilson\u2019s disease in Chinese children. World J Pediatr 9(4):361\u2013364","journal-title":"World J Pediatr"},{"key":"4825_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2019.00056","volume":"7","author":"S Nardecchia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nardecchia S, Auricchio R, Discepolo V, Troncone R (2019) Extra-intestinal manifestations of coeliac disease in children: clinical features and mechanisms. Front Pediatr 7:1\u20139","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"4825_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-018-0857-6","volume":"37","author":"A Joshi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Joshi A, Falodia S, Kumar N, Gupta P, Khatri PC (2018) Prevalence of celiac disease among pediatric patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis and effect of gluten-free-diet. Indian J Gastroenterol 37(3):243\u2013247","journal-title":"Indian J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4825_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2018.09.001","volume":"48","author":"IA Hujoel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hujoel IA, Reilly NR, Rubio-Tapia A (2019) Celiac disease: clinical features and diagnosis. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 48(1):19\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gtc.2018.09.001","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"19","key":"4825_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5813","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i19.5813","volume":"21","author":"C Anania","year":"2015","unstructured":"Anania C, De Luca E, De Castro G, Chiesa C, Pacifico L (2015) Liver involvement in pediatric celiac disease. World J Gastroenterol 21(19):5813\u20135822","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4825_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000444","volume":"59","author":"HD Vo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vo HD, Xu J, Rabinowitz SS, Fisher SE, Schwarz SM (2014) The liver in pediatric gastrointestinal disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 59(3):288\u2013299","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"4825_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001492","volume":"64","author":"LJ Saubermann","year":"2017","unstructured":"Saubermann LJ, Deneau M, Falcone RA, Murray KF, Ali S, Kohli R et al (2017) Hepatic issues and complications associated with inflammatory bowel disease: a clinical report from the naspghan inflammatory bowel disease and hepatology committees. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 64(4):639\u2013652","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"4825_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000672","volume":"60","author":"AJ Pusateri","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pusateri AJ, Kim SC, Dotson JL, Balint JP, Potter CJ, Boyle BM et al (2015) Incidence, pattern, and etiology of elevated liver enzymes in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 60(5):592\u2013597","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"4825_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2013.05.001","volume":"15","author":"L Leeuwen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Leeuwen L, Fitzgerald DA, Gaskin KJ (2014) Liver disease in cystic fibrosis. Paediatr Respir Rev 15(1):69\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prrv.2013.05.001","journal-title":"Paediatr Respir Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"4825_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2015.09.008","volume":"15","author":"DR VanDevanter","year":"2016","unstructured":"VanDevanter DR, Kahle JS, O\u2019Sullivan AK, Sikirica S, Hodgkins PS (2016) Cystic fibrosis in young children: a review of disease manifestation, progression, and response to early treatment. J Cyst Fibros 15(2):147\u2013157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcf.2015.09.008","journal-title":"J Cyst Fibros"},{"key":"4825_CR58","unstructured":"Leung DH, Narkewicz MR (2021) Cystic fibrosis: hepatobiliary disease. UPTODATE"},{"key":"4825_CR59","unstructured":"Sabharwal S, Schwarzenberg SJ (2021) Cystic fibrosis: overview of gastrointestinal disease. UPTODATE"},{"issue":"6","key":"4825_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0000000000000428","volume":"23","author":"IP Van De Peppel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Van De Peppel IP, Bertolini A, Jonker JW, Bodewes FAJA, Verkade HJ (2017) Diagnosis, follow-up and treatment of cystic fibrosis-related liver disease. Curr Opin Pulm Med 23(6):562\u2013569","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"key":"4825_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-005-1675-z","volume":"40","author":"A Matsui","year":"2005","unstructured":"Matsui A (2005) Hypertransaminasemia: the end of a thread. J Gastroenterol 40:859\u2013860","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"4825_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2014.10.011","volume":"114","author":"S Chanprasert","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chanprasert S, Scaglia F (2015) Adult liver disorders caused by inborn errors of metabolism: review and update. Mol Genet Metabol. 114:1\u201310","journal-title":"Mol Genet Metabol."},{"issue":"4","key":"4825_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.2012.04.110183","volume":"25","author":"MA Wright","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wright MA, Yang ML, Parsons JA, Westfall JM, Yee AS (2012) Consider muscle disease in children with elevated transaminase. J Am Board Fam Med 25(4):536\u2013540","journal-title":"J Am Board Fam Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"4825_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2007.03001.x","volume":"65","author":"J Pettersson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pettersson J, Hindorf U, Persson P, Bengtsson T, Malmqvist U, Werkstr\u00f6m V et al (2008) Muscular exercise can cause highly pathological liver function tests in healthy men. Br J Clin Pharmacol 65(2):253\u2013259","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"4825_CR65","unstructured":"Artigas M (2009) Hipertransaminasemia moderada en paciente asintom\u00e1tico tras realizaci\u00f3n de esfuerzo f\u00edsico en gimnasio. Cart AL Dir 4\u20135"},{"key":"4825_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S345","DOI":"10.14309\/00000434-201510001-00789","volume":"110","author":"OK Jilani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jilani OK, Shrensel JA, Kanakadandi V, Ahmad J (2015) Macro-AST: a normal explanation for abnormal liver function tests. Am J Gastroenterol 110:S345","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00431-023-04825-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00431-023-04825-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00431-023-04825-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T15:19:05Z","timestamp":1744211945000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00431-023-04825-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["4825"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-023-04825-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1076"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1076","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 October 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 January 2023","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 January 2023","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 January 2023","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}