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UBAF was calculated by subtracting from LVO the aortic arch blood flow measured immediately distally to the origin of the left subclavian artery.\u00a0Main outcome measures: UBAF and SVCF agreement was assessed by Bland\u2013Altman analysis in terms of bias, limits of agreement and repeatability index. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient was used to measure the strength of inter-rater agreement.\u00a0The agreement between UBAF and SVCF was high. The Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC) was 0.7434. (CCC 0.7434, 95% C.I. [0.656, 0.8111]). There was a good absolute agreement between the two raters ICC\u2009=\u20090.747; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> value\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001; 95%CI [0.601; 0.845]. Adjusting for confounding factors (BW, GA, PDA) included in the model, there was a statistically significant relationship between UBAF and SVCF.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>: UBAF showed a strong agreement with the SCVF with a better reproducibility. Our data support UBAF as a potentially useful marker of cerebral perfusion in the evaluation of preterm infants.\n<jats:table-wrap><jats:table><jats:tbody>\n                    <jats:tr>\n                      <jats:td colspan=\"2\"><jats:bold>What is Known:<\/jats:bold><jats:italic>\u2022 Low SVC (superior vena cava) flow in the neonatal period has been associated with periventricular haemorrhage and unfavourable long-term neurodevelopmental outcome.<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>\u2022 Ultrasound measurement of flow in SVC shows relatively high inter-operator variability.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:td>\n                    <\/jats:tr>\n                    <jats:tr>\n                      <jats:td colspan=\"2\"><jats:bold>What is New:<\/jats:bold><jats:italic>\u2022 Our study highlights how much overlap there is between\u00a0upper-body arterial flow (UBAF) measurement and SCV flow measurement<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>UBAF is easier to perform and has a strong correlation with better reproducibility.<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>\u2022 UBAF may replace measurement of cava flow as a method for haemodynamic monitoring of unstable preterm and asphyxiated infants.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:td>\n                    <\/jats:tr>\n                  <\/jats:tbody><\/jats:table><\/jats:table-wrap><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-023-04866-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T15:02:46Z","timestamp":1676559766000},"page":"1839-1845","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A novel echocardiography method to assess upper body systemic blood flow in preterm infants and comparison with superior vena cava flow measurement"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"182","author":[{"given":"Federico","family":"Schena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rossella","family":"Iannotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vito","family":"D\u2019Andrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gaia","family":"Francescato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppina","family":"Mancini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Prontera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Mosca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianni","family":"Vento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"4866_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.112.1.33","volume":"112","author":"DA Osborn","year":"2003","unstructured":"Osborn DA, Evans N, Kluckow M (2003) Hemodynamic and antecedent risk factors of early and late periventricular\/intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants. 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