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A before-and-after, non-controlled quality improvement study was performed at the Division of Neonatology, Medical University of Graz. The educational intervention comprised a period of 4\u00a0months, with structured in situ simulation training delivered regularly for neonatal providers and nurses in interprofessional teams. The primary study outcome was the quality of non-technical skills and team interaction during actual postnatal stabilization and resuscitation. This was assessed using video recording during two 2-month observational phases before (pre-training) and after the educational intervention (post-training). Delivery room video recordings were assessed by two external, blinded neonatologists using the Anaesthetists\u2019 Non-Technical Skills (ANTS) score. Furthermore, we collected clinical patient data from video-recorded neonates during the pre- and post-training periods, and training participants\u2019 individual knowledge of neonatal resuscitation guidelines was assessed using a before- and after-questionnaire. A total of 48 healthcare professionals participated in 41 in situ simulation trainings. The level of non-technical skills and team interaction was already high in the pre-training period, and it did not further improve afterwards. Nonetheless, we observed a significant increase in the teamwork event \u201cevaluation of plans\u201d (0.5 [IQR 0.0\u20131.0] versus 1.0 [1.0\u20132.0], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.049). Following the educational intervention, training participants\u2019 knowledge of neonatal resuscitation guidelines significantly improved, although there were no differences in secondary clinical outcome parameters.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>: We have successfully implemented a neonatal in situ simulation training programme. The observed improvement in one teamwork event category in the post-training period demonstrates the effectiveness of the training curriculum, while also showing the potential of in situ simulation training for improving postnatal care and, ultimately, patient outcome. \n<jats:table-wrap><jats:table><jats:tbody>\n                    <jats:tr>\n                      <jats:td align=\"left\"><jats:bold>What is Known:<\/jats:bold>\u2022 <jats:italic> In situ simulation-based training is conducted in the real healthcare environment, thus promoting experiential learning which is closely aligned with providers\u2019 actual work.<\/jats:italic>\u2022 <jats:italic> In situ simulation-based training may offer an additional benefit for patient outcomes in comparison to other instructional methodologies.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:td>\n                    <\/jats:tr>\n                    <jats:tr>\n                      <jats:td align=\"left\"><jats:bold>What is New:<\/jats:bold>\u2022 <jats:italic>This observational study investigated translational patient outcomes in preterm neonates before and after delivery of high-frequency in situ simulation-based training at a level IV neonatal intensive care unit.<\/jats:italic>\u2022 <jats:italic>There was a significant increase in the frequency of one major teamwork event following the delivery of in situ simulation-based training, indicating a notable improvement in the non-technical skills domain, which is closely linked to actual team performance.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:td>\n                    <\/jats:tr>\n                  <\/jats:tbody><\/jats:table><\/jats:table-wrap><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-024-05781-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,23]],"date-time":"2024-09-23T08:02:25Z","timestamp":1727078545000},"page":"4981-4990","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Impact of in situ simulation training on quality of postnatal stabilization and resuscitation\u2014a before-and-after, non-controlled quality improvement study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"183","author":[{"given":"Lukas P.","family":"Mileder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nariae","family":"Baik-Schneditz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasmin","family":"Pansy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Schwaberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Raith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Avian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg M.","family":"Schm\u00f6lzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"W\u00f6ckinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Pichler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berndt","family":"Urlesberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"5781_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i2","DOI":"10.1136\/qhc.13.suppl_1.i2","volume":"13","author":"DM Gaba","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gaba DM (2004) The future vision of simulation in health care. 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