{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T00:10:15Z","timestamp":1779927015181,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]],"date-time":"2024-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]],"date-time":"2024-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009448","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009448","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Pediatr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to assess the prevalence of and factors associated with Na\u2009+\u2009\/K\u2009+\u2009imbalances in children hospitalized for febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI). This retrospective Italian multicenter study included children aged 18\u00a0years or younger (median age\u2009=\u20090.5\u00a0years) who were discharged with a primary diagnosis of fUTI. Na\u2009+\u2009\/K\u2009+\u2009imbalances were classified as hyponatremia (sodium\u2009&lt;\u2009135\u00a0mEq\/L), hypernatremia (sodium\u2009&gt;\u2009145\u00a0mEq\/L), hypokalemia (potassium\u2009&lt;\u20093.5\u00a0mEq\/L), hyperkalemia (potassium\u2009&gt;\u20095.5\u00a0mEq\/L), and concurrent hyponatremia and hyperkalemia, in the absence of evidence of hemolyzed blood samples. Among the 849 enrolled children, 23% had hyponatremia, 6.4% had hyperkalemia, 2.9% had concurrent hyponatremia and hyperkalemia, 0.7% had hypokalemia, and 0.4% had hypernatremia. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, after applying the Bonferroni correction, only C-reactive protein (C-RP) levels were significantly associated with hyponatremia (OR\u2009=\u20091.04; 95% CI: 1.02\u20131.06; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), only age was significantly associated with hyperkalemia (OR\u2009=\u20091.7; 95% CI: 1.1\u20132.7; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01), and only CAKUT was significantly associated with concurrent hyponatremia and hyperkalemia (OR\u2009=\u20094.3; 95% CI: 1.7\u201310.8; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002). Even after adjusting for the presence of kidney hypoplasia, abnormal renal echogenicity, pelvi-caliceal dilation, ureteral dilation, uroepithelial thickening of the renal pelvis, bladder abnormalities, pathogen other than <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>, concurrent hyponatremia and hyperkalemia persisted significantly associated with CAKUT (OR\u2009=\u20093.6; 95% CI: 1.2\u201310.9; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>: Hyponatremia was the most common Na\u2009+\u2009\/K\u2009+\u2009imbalance in children hospitalized for fUTI, followed by hyperkalemia and concurrent hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. C-RP levels were most strongly associated with hyponatremia, age with hyperkalemia, and CAKUT with concurrent hyponatremia and hyperkalemia (suggestive of transient secondary pseudo-hypoaldosteronism). Therefore, in children who develop concurrent hyponatremia and hyperkalemia during the course of a fUTI, an underlying CAKUT could be suspected.\n<jats:table-wrap><jats:table><jats:tbody>\n                    <jats:tr>\n                      <jats:td colspan=\"4\"><jats:bold>What is known:<\/jats:bold><jats:italic>\u2022 Na+ and K+ abnormalities can occur in patients hospitalized for febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI).<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>\u2022 Concurrent hyponatremia and hyperkalemia during fUTI may suggest transient secondary pseudo-hypoaldosteronism (TPHA), for which limited data on prevalence are available.<\/jats:italic><jats:bold>What is new:<\/jats:bold><jats:italic>\u2022 The most common Na+\/K+ imbalance in children hospitalized with fUTI was hyponatremia (23%), followed by hyperkalemia (6.4%), concurrent hyponatremia and hyperkalemia (2.9%), hypokalemia (0.7%), and hypernatremia (0.4%).<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>\u2022 Concurrent hyponatremia and hyperkalemia were mainly associated with CAKUT, while hyponatremia alone correlated with high C-reactive protein and hyperkalemia alone with younger age.\u00a0In cases of concurrent hyponatremia and hyperkalemia during fUTI, an underlying CAKUT should be suspected.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:td>\n                    <\/jats:tr>\n                  <\/jats:tbody><\/jats:table><\/jats:table-wrap><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-024-05784-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]],"date-time":"2024-10-02T04:01:53Z","timestamp":1727841713000},"page":"5223-5232","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Prevalence of and factors associated with Na\u2009+\u2009\/K\u2009+\u2009imbalances in a population of children hospitalized with febrile urinary tract infection"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"183","author":[{"given":"Pierluigi","family":"Marzuillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Guarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Annicchiarico Petruzzelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milena","family":"Brugnara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ciro","family":"Corrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Di Sessa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabrile","family":"Malgieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Pennesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Floriana","family":"Scozzola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Taroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Pasini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"La Scola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Montini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of CAKUT-UTI study group of the Italian Society of Pediatric Nephrology","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mattia","family":"Arenella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Alfiero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Baccelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Delcaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Gallotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcello","family":"Lanari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Lorenzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Miraglia del Giudice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmine","family":"Pecoraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Picassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Pierantoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Tosolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Venditto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"5784_CR1","first-page":"121","volume":"23","author":"W Sperl","year":"1988","unstructured":"Sperl W, Guggenbichler J, Warter T (1988) Changes in electrolyte and acid-base equilibrium in children with acute urinary tract infections. Padiatr Padol 23:121\u2013128","journal-title":"Padiatr Padol"},{"key":"5784_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.22037\/JPN.V3I3.8526","volume":"3","author":"P Yousefichaijan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yousefichaijan P, Taherahmadi H, Rafiei M et al (2015) The association between hyponatremia and reflux-related renal injury in acute pyelonephritis. J Ped Nephrol 3:104\u2013108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22037\/JPN.V3I3.8526","journal-title":"J Ped Nephrol"},{"key":"5784_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2261","DOI":"10.1007\/S00467-012-2267-9","volume":"27","author":"SJ Park","year":"2012","unstructured":"Park SJ, Oh YS, Choi MJ et al (2012) Hyponatremia may reflect severe inflammation in children with febrile urinary tract infection. Pediatr Nephrol 27:2261\u20132267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S00467-012-2267-9","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"5784_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1007\/S00467-003-1393-9\/METRICS","volume":"19","author":"T Watanabe","year":"2004","unstructured":"Watanabe T (2004) Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia in infants with acute pyelonephritis. Pediatr Nephrol 19:361\u2013362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S00467-003-1393-9\/METRICS","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"5784_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4867","DOI":"10.1007\/S00431-023-05149-Z","volume":"182","author":"I Gonz\u00e1lez-Bertol\u00edn","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Bertol\u00edn I, BarbasBernardos G, Garc\u00eda Suarez L et al (2023) Hyponatremia and other potential markers of ultrasound abnormalities after a first febrile urinary tract infection in children. Eur J Pediatr 182:4867\u20134874. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S00431-023-05149-Z","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"5784_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1007\/S00467-011-2020-9","volume":"27","author":"MA Gil-Ruiz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gil-Ruiz MA, Alcaraz AJ, Mara\u00f1\u00f3n RJ et al (2012) Electrolyte disturbances in acute pyelonephritis. Pediatr Nephrol 27:429\u2013433. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S00467-011-2020-9","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"5784_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(83)80406-5","volume":"103","author":"J Rodr\u00edguez-Soriano","year":"1983","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-Soriano J, Vallo A, Oliveros R, Castillo G (1983) Transient pseudohypoaldosteronism secondary to obstructive uropathy in infancy. J Pediatr 103:375\u2013380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0022-3476(83)80406-5","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"5784_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1007\/S00467-015-3273-5","volume":"31","author":"A Bertini","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bertini A, Milani GP, Simonetti GD et al (2016) Na(+), K(+), Cl(-), acid-base or H2O homeostasis in children with urinary tract infections: a narrative review. Pediatr Nephrol 31:1403\u20131409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S00467-015-3273-5","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"5784_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2399","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000028641.59030.B2","volume":"13","author":"O Bonny","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bonny O, Rossier BC (2002) Disturbances of Na\/K balance: pseudohypoaldosteronism revisited. J Am Soc Nephrol 13:2399\u20132414. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ASN.0000028641.59030.B2","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"5784_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-009-1285-8","volume":"24","author":"R Bogdanovi\u0107","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bogdanovi\u0107 R, Staji\u0107 N, Putnik J, Paripovi\u0107 A (2009) Transient type 1 pseudo-hypoaldosteronism: report on an eight-patient series and literature review. Pediatr Nephrol 24:2167\u20132175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-009-1285-8","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"5784_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfm862","volume":"23","author":"A Belot","year":"2008","unstructured":"Belot A, Ranchin B, Fichtner C et al (2008) Pseudohypoaldosteronisms, report on a 10-patient series. Nephrol Dial Transplant 23:1636\u20131641. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/gfm862","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"5784_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2019.03.002","volume":"15","author":"X Delforge","year":"2019","unstructured":"Delforge X, Kongolo G, Cauliez A et al (2019) Transient pseudohypoaldosteronism: a potentially severe condition affecting infants with urinary tract malformation. J Pediatr Urol 15:265.e1-265.e7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpurol.2019.03.002","journal-title":"J Pediatr Urol"},{"key":"5784_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.12267","volume":"56","author":"T Kibe","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kibe T, Sobajima T, Yoshimura A et al (2014) Secondary pseudohypoaldosteronism causing cardiopulmonary arrest and cholelithiasis. Pediatr Int 56:270\u2013272. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ped.12267","journal-title":"Pediatr Int"},{"key":"5784_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200x.2004.01937.x","volume":"46","author":"F T\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcler","year":"2004","unstructured":"T\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcler F, G\u00fcn\u00f6z H, Bas F et al (2004) Transient Pseudohypoaldosteronism in an infant with urinary tract anomaly. Pediatr Int 46:618\u2013620. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1442-200x.2004.01937.x","journal-title":"Pediatr Int"},{"key":"5784_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.13481","volume":"53","author":"MB Abraham","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abraham MB, Larkins N, Choong CS, Shetty VB (2017) Transient pseudohypoaldosteronism in infancy secondary to urinary tract infection. J Paediatr Child Health 53:458\u2013463. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jpc.13481","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"5784_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.endonu.2014.05.001","volume":"61","author":"M\u00c1 Ruiz Gin\u00e9s","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ruiz Gin\u00e9s M\u00c1, Ruiz Gin\u00e9s JA, SauraMontalb\u00e1n J et al (2014) Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 secondary to vesicoureteral reflux: an endocrinologic emergency. Endocrinol Nutr 61:495\u2013497. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.endonu.2014.05.001","journal-title":"Endocrinol Nutr"},{"key":"5784_CR17","first-page":"682","volume":"54","author":"O Sakall\u0131o\u011flu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sakall\u0131o\u011flu O (2012) Secondary pseudohypoaldosteronism caused by urinary tract infection associated with urinary tract abnormalities: case reports. Turk J Pediatr 54:682","journal-title":"Turk J Pediatr"},{"key":"5784_CR18","first-page":"67","volume":"54","author":"M Torun-Bayram","year":"2012","unstructured":"Torun-Bayram M, Soylu A, Kasap-Demir B et al (2012) Secondary pseudohypoaldosteronism caused by urinary tract infection associated with urinary tract anomalies: case reports. Turk J Pediatr 54:67\u201370","journal-title":"Turk J Pediatr"},{"key":"5784_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195728","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/195728","volume":"2009","author":"R Nandagopal","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nandagopal R, Vaidyanathan P, Kaplowitz P (2009) Transient Pseudohypoaldosteronism due to urinary tract infection in infancy: a report of 4 cases. Int J Pediatr Endocrinol 2009:195728. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2009\/195728","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"key":"5784_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1111\/APA.17247","volume":"113","author":"P Marzuillo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Marzuillo P, Guarino S, Alfiero S et al (2024) Acute kidney injury in children hospitalised for febrile urinary tract infection. Acta Paediatr 113:1711\u20131719. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/APA.17247","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"5784_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rees L, Bockenhauer D, Webb NJA, Punaro MG (2019) Paediatric Nephrology 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, United\u00a0Kingdom","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780198784272.001.0001"},{"key":"5784_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2011.02549.x","volume":"101","author":"A Ammenti","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ammenti A, Cataldi L, Chimenz R et al (2012) Febrile urinary tract infections in young children: recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Acta Paediatr 101:451\u2013457. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2011.02549.x","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"5784_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14988","volume":"109","author":"A Ammenti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ammenti A, Alberici I, Brugnara M et al (2020) Updated Italian recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment and follow up of the first febrile urinary tract infection in young children. Acta Paediatr 109:236\u2013247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apa.14988","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"5784_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/kisup.2012.1","volume":"2","author":"JA Kellum","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kellum JA, Lameire N, Aspelin P et al (2012) Kidney disease: improving global outcomes (KDIGO) acute kidney injury work group. KDIGO clinical practice guideline for acute kidney injury. Kidney Int Suppl 2:1\u2013138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/kisup.2012.1","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"5784_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/S12979-023-00370-8\/FIGURES\/2","volume":"20","author":"R Pellegrino","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pellegrino R, Paganelli R, Di Iorio A et al (2023) Temporal trends, sex differences, and age-related disease influence in neutrophil, lymphocyte count and neutrophil to lymphocyte-ratio: results from InCHIANTI follow-up study. Immunity and Ageing 20:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/S12979-023-00370-8\/FIGURES\/2","journal-title":"Immunity and Ageing"},{"key":"5784_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1111\/ACEM.13018","volume":"23","author":"RG Bachur","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bachur RG, Dayan PS, Dudley NC et al (2016) The influence of age on the diagnostic performance of white blood cell count and absolute neutrophil count in suspected pediatric appendicitis. Acad Emerg Med 23:1235\u20131242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ACEM.13018","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"5784_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S00431-024-05676-3","author":"C Betti","year":"2024","unstructured":"Betti C, Lavagno C, Bianchetti MG et al (2024) Transient secondary pseudo-hypoaldosteronism in infants with urinary tract infections: systematic literature review. Eur J Pediatr. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S00431-024-05676-3","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"5784_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"p45","DOI":"10.1159\/000322238","volume":"118","author":"RM Swart","year":"2011","unstructured":"Swart RM, Hoorn EJ, Betjes MG, Zietse R (2011) Hyponatremia and inflammation: the emerging role of interleukin-6 in osmoregulation. Nephron Physiol 118:p45\u2013p51. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000322238","journal-title":"Nephron Physiol"},{"key":"5784_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1111\/APA.16875","volume":"112","author":"S Elber-Dorozko","year":"2023","unstructured":"Elber-Dorozko S, Kerem L, Wolf D et al (2023) Platelet count and risk of severe illness in hospitalised children with influenza-like illness. Acta Paediatr 112:2191\u20132198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/APA.16875","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"5784_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4842","DOI":"10.1182\/BLOOD.V130.SUPPL_1.4842.4842","volume":"130","author":"R Knoefler","year":"2017","unstructured":"Knoefler R, Hackel S, Staechele J et al (2017) Evaluation of platelet parameters in children. Blood 130:4842. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/BLOOD.V130.SUPPL_1.4842.4842","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"5784_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1651-2227.1992.TB12258.X","volume":"81","author":"J Rodriguez-Soriano","year":"1992","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Soriano J, Vallo A, Quintela MJ et al (1992) Normokalaemic pseudohypoaldosteronism is present in children with acute pyelonephritis. Acta Paediatr 81:402\u2013406. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/J.1651-2227.1992.TB12258.X","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"5784_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.3390\/JCM12051921","volume":"12","author":"P Marzuillo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Marzuillo P, Palma PL, Di Sessa A et al (2023) Early-in-life serum aldosterone levels could predict surgery in patients with obstructive congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract: a pilot study. J Clin Med 12:1921. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/JCM12051921","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"5784_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bajpai M, Sharma K, Kapahtia S, et al (2022) The role of plasma renin activity in prenatally diagnosed non-obstructed hydronephrosis at risk for surgery\u2014an observational study. J Nephrol 1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40620-021-01199-4","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-021-01199-4"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00431-024-05784-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00431-024-05784-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00431-024-05784-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]],"date-time":"2024-10-31T09:23:11Z","timestamp":1730366591000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00431-024-05784-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5784"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-024-05784-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1076"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1076","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 June 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 September 2024","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 September 2024","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 October 2024","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Universit\u00e0 degli Studi della Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d (approval no. 12770\/2020).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study before any procedure.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}