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Delivery methods, maternal diet, antibiotic exposure, feeding practices, and early infant contact significantly shape microbial colonization, influencing the infant\u2019s immune system, metabolism, and neurodevelopment. By summarizing two decades of research, this review highlights the microbiome\u2019s role in disease predisposition and explores interventions like maternal vaginal seeding and probiotic and prebiotic supplementation that may influence microbiome development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n                    : The perinatal period is a pivotal phase for the formation and growth of the neonatal microbiome,\u00a0profoundly impacting long-term health outcomes.\n                    <jats:table-wrap>\n                      <jats:table>\n                        <jats:tbody>\n                          <jats:tr>\n                            <jats:td colspan=\"2\">\n                              <jats:bold>What is Known::<\/jats:bold>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                              <jats:italic>The perinatal period is a critical phase for the development of the neonatal microbiome, with factors such as mode of delivery, maternal diet, antibiotic exposure, and feeding practices influencing its composition and diversity, which has significant implications for long-term health.<\/jats:italic>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 The neonatal microbiome plays a vital role in shaping the immune system, metabolism, and neurodevelopment of infants.<\/jats:italic>\n                            <\/jats:td>\n                          <\/jats:tr>\n                          <jats:tr>\n                            <jats:td colspan=\"2\">\n                              <jats:bold>What is New:<\/jats:bold>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Recent studies have highlighted the potential of targeted interventions, such as probiotic and prebiotic supplementation, and innovative practices like maternal vaginal seeding, to optimize microbiome development during the perinatal period.<\/jats:italic>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Emerging evidence suggests that specific bacterial genera and species within the neonatal microbiome are associated with reduced risks of developing chronic conditions, indicating new avenues for promoting long-term health starting from early life.<\/jats:italic>\n                            <\/jats:td>\n                          <\/jats:tr>\n                        <\/jats:tbody>\n                      <\/jats:table>\n                    <\/jats:table-wrap>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-024-05795-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]],"date-time":"2024-10-02T23:51:54Z","timestamp":1727913114000},"page":"5085-5101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["The importance of gut microbiome in the perinatal period"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"183","author":[{"given":"Giulia","family":"Catassi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra Garcia","family":"Mateo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annamaria Sara","family":"Occhionero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Esposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Giorgio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Aloi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Gasbarrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Cammarota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Ianiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"5795_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Taddei CR, Neu J (2023) Editorial: Microbiome in the first 1000 days: multi-omic interactions, physiological effects, and clinical implications. 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