{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T14:02:11Z","timestamp":1787320931000,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]],"date-time":"2025-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744675200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]],"date-time":"2025-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744675200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Alma Mater Studiorum - Universit\u00e0 di Bologna"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Pediatr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This prospective observational study aimed to assess the agreement of cardiac output measurements obtained with transthoracic echocardiography (CO\n                    <jats:sub>ECHO<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and electrical velocimetry (CO\n                    <jats:sub>EV<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and the impact of relevant variables on CO\n                    <jats:sub>EV<\/jats:sub>\n                    accuracy in preterm infants during the transitional period. Simultaneous measurements of CO\n                    <jats:sub>EV<\/jats:sub>\n                    and CO\n                    <jats:sub>ECHO<\/jats:sub>\n                    were performed in preterm infants &lt;\u200932 weeks\u2019 gestation and\/or &lt;\u20091500 g during the first 72 h of life. Bland\u2013Altman analysis was performed and bias and mean percentage error (MPE) were calculated. The impact of a hemodynamically significant duct (hsPDA), ongoing cardiovascular drugs and ventilatory support was also assessed using a generalized least squares random-effects model. A total of 170 pairs of CO\n                    <jats:sub>EV<\/jats:sub>\n                    -CO\n                    <jats:sub>ECHO<\/jats:sub>\n                    measurements were obtained from 65 preterm neonates. Mean bias was 9.7 ml\/kg\/min (95%CI 1.3\u201318.2) on day 1, 8.3 ml\/kg\/min (95%CI 0.3\u201316.4) on day 2, and 10.6 ml\/kg\/min (95%CI 4.5\u201316.6) on day 3 of life. The corresponding MPE was 7.2% (95%CI 4.8\u201310.6%), 7.5% (95%CI 4.7\u201312.8%) and 7.0% (95%CI 5.4\u20139.1%), respectively. A CO\n                    <jats:sub>EV<\/jats:sub>\n                    overestimation was observed in the presence of hsPDA (mean bias =\u200917.0 ml\/kg\/min, 95%CI 7.1\u201330.8,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009= 0.003) and during dobutamine treatment (mean bias =\u200912.5 ml\/kg\/min, 95%CI 1.5\u201322.4,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009= 0.018). No significant differences were observed according to dopamine administration and respiratory support modality.\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n                    : Although a slight overestimation may occur during inotropic treatments and in the presence of a hsPDA, this study shows an acceptable accuracy and precision of CO\n                    <jats:sub>EV<\/jats:sub>\n                    in preterm infants during postnatal transition, thus supporting the role for EV monitoring in this critical phase.\n                    <jats:table-wrap>\n                      <jats:table>\n                        <jats:tbody>\n                          <jats:tr>\n                            <jats:td colspan=\"2\">\n                              <jats:bold>What is Known:<\/jats:bold>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Electrical velocimetry allows a continuous and non-invasive monitoring of cardiac output (CO) in the neonatal population.<\/jats:italic>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Available data comparing the accuracy of electrical velocimetry against transthoracic echocardiography for CO assessment in preterm infants are still controversial.<\/jats:italic>\n                              <jats:bold>What is New:<\/jats:bold>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 The present data report a satisfactory accuracy of electrical velocimetry for CO assessment, with low bias and mean percentage error when compared to echocardiographic CO measurements.<\/jats:italic>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Inotropic treatment with dobutamine and a hemodynamically significant duct may be associated with a slight but significant overestimation of CO measurements by electrical velocimetry.<\/jats:italic>\n                            <\/jats:td>\n                          <\/jats:tr>\n                        <\/jats:tbody>\n                      <\/jats:table>\n                    <\/jats:table-wrap>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-025-06132-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T18:40:06Z","timestamp":1744656006000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Accuracy of non-invasive measurement of cardiac output using electrical cardiometry in preterm infants during the transitional period: A comparison with transthoracic Doppler echocardiography"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"184","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2078-7114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Martini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariarosaria","family":"Annunziata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2882-4223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacopo","family":"Lenzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7708-8798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samir","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8428-8624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Topun","family":"Austin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Corvaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"6132_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-1967-9","volume":"29","author":"MS Chew","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chew MS, Poelaert J (2003) Accuracy and repeatability of pediatric cardiac output measurement using Doppler: 20-year review of the literature. 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