{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T01:20:32Z","timestamp":1771982432379,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750032000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004503","name":"Benha University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004503","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Pediatr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Vitamin D deficiency is a recognized complication of \u03b2-thalassemia major (\u03b2-TM), impacting cardiac function. Speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) offers a sensitive assessment of myocardial deformation, particularly global longitudinal strain (GLS). This study aimed to assess the association between vitamin D levels and LV function in \u03b2-TM children and to evaluate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on cardiac parameters. Seventy-five \u03b2-TM children underwent vitamin D level assessment, conventional echocardiography, and STE. Patients with vitamin D deficiency\/insufficiency (25-OHD3 &lt; 30 ng\/ml) received vitamin D supplementation (4000\u20135000 IU\/day). Follow-up assessments were conducted after vitamin D normalization. Vitamin D insufficiency (81.3%) and deficiency (18.7%) were prevalent. Vitamin D levels were inversely correlated with age and disease duration (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and positively correlated with transfusion\/chelation therapy onset. Conventional echocardiography showed an inverse correlation between vitamin D level and left ventricular end diastolic diameter (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and deceleration time (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.003). STE revealed a positive correlation between vitamin D and GLS (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). Vitamin D supplementation significantly increased median vitamin D levels (from 16.0 to 39.0 ng\/ml, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and improved STE parameters, including AP4L, AP3L, AP2L, and GLS (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), indicating enhanced myocardial function. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>: Vitamin D deficiency in \u03b2-TM children was correlated with impaired cardiac function. Vitamin D supplementation significantly improved cardiac function. Regular monitoring and maintenance of adequate vitamin D levels are crucial for preventing adverse cardiac effects. \n<jats:table-wrap>\n              <jats:table>\n                <jats:tbody>\n                  <jats:tr>\n                    <jats:td align=\"left\">\n                      <jats:bold>What is Known:<\/jats:bold>\u2022 <jats:italic>\u03b2-Thalassemia major is frequently complicated by cardiac dysfunction, a major contributor to mortality<\/jats:italic>.\u2022 <jats:italic>Cardiac iron overload is a primary driver of cardiac dysfunction in \u03b2-TM<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:td>\n                  <\/jats:tr>\n                  <jats:tr>\n                    <jats:td align=\"left\">\n                      <jats:bold>What is New:<\/jats:bold>\u2022 <jats:italic>Vitamin D deficiency leads to impaired cardiac function, beyond iron overload, in \u03b2-TM children<\/jats:italic>.\u2022 <jats:italic>Vitamin D supplementation could improve cardiac function in \u03b2-thalassemia major patients<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:td>\n                  <\/jats:tr>\n                <\/jats:tbody>\n              <\/jats:table>\n            <\/jats:table-wrap>\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-025-06250-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,15]],"date-time":"2025-06-15T21:29:57Z","timestamp":1750022997000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Correlation between vitamin D level and left ventricular myocardial function demonstrated by speckle tracking echocardiography among \u03b2-thalassemia major children"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"184","author":[{"given":"Eman Gamal","family":"Abdelrahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Mahmoud","family":"Ezzat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lina Abdelhady","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reem Zaki Mohamed","family":"Fakher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8465-3794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samar Mahmoud","family":"Elbahy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"6250_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.3390\/thalassrep14040010","volume":"14","author":"IZ Sadiq","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sadiq IZ, Abubakar FS, Usman HS, Abdullahi AD, Ibrahim B, Kastayal BS et al (2024) Thalassemia: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and advances in treatment. 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This study has been accepted by the Benha University Ethics Committee in Egypt (MoHP No. 0018122017\/Certificate No. 1017), study number MS 23-3-2023.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"The patients\u2019 legal guardians provided their informed permission.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"420"}}