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Two independent reviewers screened studies according to predefined inclusion criteria across six databases (PubMed\/MEDLINE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Embase). Discrepancies were resolved through discussion and consensus. Meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models with mean differences (MDs) for continuous outcomes on the same scale and standardized mean differences (SMDs) for outcomes using different measurement tools. Heterogeneity was assessed using the\n                    <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    statistic, and subgroup analyses were conducted to explore potential sources of variation. This systematic review and meta-analysis included nine trials (seven RCTs and two quasi-experimental studies) involving children and adolescents aged 0\u201319\u00a0years with chronic illnesses, including epilepsy, asthma, type 1 diabetes, cystic fibrosis, and leukemia. Parental involvement interventions significantly improved quality of life (SMD\u2009=\u20091.014; 95% CI: 0.110\u20131.918;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.028). Subgroup analyses revealed that shorter interventions (\u2264\u200912\u00a0weeks) were most effective (SMD\u2009=\u20091.676), adolescents showed moderate improvements (SMD\u2009=\u20090.531), and nurse-led interventions demonstrated consistent benefits (SMD\u2009=\u20090.737). Effects varied significantly by economic setting, with the largest improvements in lower-middle-income countries.\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n                    : This study provides comprehensive evidence that parental involvement interventions significantly improve quality of life and health-related outcomes among children and adolescents with chronic illnesses, particularly when they are shorter in duration and nurse-led.\n                    <jats:table-wrap>\n                      <jats:table>\n                        <jats:tbody>\n                          <jats:tr>\n                            <jats:td align=\"left\">What is known:\u2022Parental involvement is essential in managing chronic illnesses in children and\u00a0adolescents.\u2022Family-centered interventions can improve adherence, psychological well-being, and\u00a0coping skills.<\/jats:td>\n                          <\/jats:tr>\n                          <jats:tr>\n                            <jats:td align=\"left\">What is new:\u2022This review and meta-analysis show that structured parental involvement interventions\u00a0significantly improve quality of life, especially when short-term and nurse-led.\u2022Findings highlight the stronger impact in lower-middle-income countries, emphasizing\u00a0equity in pediatric chronic care.<\/jats:td>\n                          <\/jats:tr>\n                        <\/jats:tbody>\n                      <\/jats:table>\n                    <\/jats:table-wrap>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-025-06590-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T01:02:55Z","timestamp":1762390975000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The effect of parental involvement intervention on quality of life and health outcomes among children and adolescents with chronic illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"184","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9633-0929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manutsawin","family":"Kunthamas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0827-1196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wanida","family":"Jaipaeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thatchkorn","family":"Klaisuban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7435-4280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kewalin","family":"Pongsuwun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2168-5195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suebsarn","family":"Ruksakulpiwat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"6590_CR1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2024) About chronic diseases [Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/chronic-disease\/about\/index.html"},{"issue":"4","key":"6590_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2025.102810","volume":"25","author":"LE Wisk","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wisk LE, Sharma N (2025) Prevalence and trends in pediatric-onset chronic conditions in the United States, 1999\u20132018. 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