{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T03:46:58Z","timestamp":1784260018905,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Pediatr"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-025-06691-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T16:24:38Z","timestamp":1765815878000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Body mass index in children with newly diagnosed celiac disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"Farzad","family":"Maleki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marjan","family":"Hosseinpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Pashaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Esmaeilpour","family":"Aghdam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mansour","family":"Bahardoust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Delpisheh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"6691_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Husby S, Koletzko S, Korponay-Szab\u00f3 IR, Mearin ML, Phillips A, Shamir R, Troncone R, Giersiepen K, Branski D, Catassi C, Lelgeman M, M\u00e4ki M, Ribes-Koninckx C, Ventura A, Zimmer KP, Diagnosis EWGoCD, Committee EG (2012) European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition guidelines for the diagnosis of coeliac disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 54:136\u2013160","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31821a23d0"},{"key":"6691_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0054-z","volume":"5","author":"K Lindfors","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lindfors K, Ciacci C, Kurppa K, Lundin KEA, Makharia GK, Mearin ML, Murray JA, Verdu EF, Kaukinen K (2019) Coeliac disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers 5:3","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"6691_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000000523","volume":"115","author":"JA King","year":"2020","unstructured":"King JA, Jeong J, Underwood FE, Quan J, Panaccione N, Windsor JW, Coward S, deBruyn J, Ronksley PE, Shaheen A-A, Quan H, Godley J, van Veldhuyzen Zanten S, Lebwohl B, Ng SC, Ludvigsson JF, Kaplan GG (2020) Incidence of celiac disease is increasing over time: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 115:507\u2013525","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"6691_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-82401-3_3","volume-title":"Advances in celiac disease : improving paediatric and adult care","author":"GC de Villasante","year":"2022","unstructured":"de Villasante GC (2022) Classical and non-classical forms of CD in paediatrics. In: Amil-Dias J, Polanco I (eds) Advances in celiac disease\u202f: improving paediatric and adult care. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 23\u201333"},{"key":"6691_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1080\/17474124.2025.2462245","volume":"19","author":"M Repo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Repo M, Koskimaa S, Paavola S, Kurppa K (2025) Serological testing for celiac disease in children. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 19:155\u2013164","journal-title":"Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"6691_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.12448","volume":"57","author":"S Gokce","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gokce S, Arslantas E (2015) Changing face and clinical features of celiac disease in children. Pediatr Int 57:107\u2013112","journal-title":"Pediatr Int"},{"key":"6691_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6010207","volume":"6","author":"A Diamanti","year":"2014","unstructured":"Diamanti A, Capriati T, Basso MS, Panetta F, Di Ciommo Laurora VM, Bellucci F, Cristofori F, Francavilla R (2014) Celiac disease and overweight in children: an update. Nutrients 6:207\u2013220","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"6691_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16162729","volume":"16","author":"A Monzani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Monzani A, Marcolin S, Medina F, Valentino K, Rabbone I (2024) BMI status of children with celiac disease has changed in the last decades: a 30-year retrospective study. Nutrients 16:2729","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"6691_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000656","volume":"60","author":"R Nenna","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nenna R, Mosca A, Mennini M, Papa RE, Petrarca L, Mercurio R, Montuori M, Piedimonte A, Bavastrelli M, De Lucia IC, Bonamico M, Vania A (2015) Coeliac disease screening among a large cohort of overweight\/obese children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 60:405\u2013407","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"6691_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-019-05528-3","volume":"64","author":"AB Cichewicz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cichewicz AB, Mearns ES, Taylor A, Boulanger T, Gerber M, Leffler DA, Drahos J, Sanders DS, Thomas Craig KJ, Lebwohl B (2019) Diagnosis and treatment patterns in celiac disease. Dig Dis Sci 64:2095\u20132106","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"6691_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10081015","volume":"10","author":"P Laurikka","year":"2018","unstructured":"Laurikka P, Nurminen S, Kivel\u00e4 L, Kurppa K (2018) Extraintestinal manifestations of celiac disease: early detection for better long-term outcomes. Nutrients 10:1015","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"6691_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2020-0076","volume":"33","author":"V Calcaterra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Calcaterra V, Regalbuto C, Manuelli M, Klersy C, Pelizzo G, Albertini R, Vinci F, Larizza D, Leonard MM, Cena H (2020) Screening for celiac disease among children with overweight and obesity: toward exploring celiac iceberg. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 33:995\u20131002","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"6691_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-021-01008-9","volume":"46","author":"A Drosdak","year":"2022","unstructured":"Drosdak A, Satyavada S, Ismail M, Shah R, Cooper G (2022) Obesity prevalence in celiac disease in the United States from 2014 to 2018. Int J Obes 46:441\u2013443","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"key":"6691_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-024-03446-x","volume":"24","author":"F Maleki","year":"2024","unstructured":"Maleki F, Hosseinpour M, Delpisheh A, Bahardoust M, Hajizadeh-Sharafabad F, Pashaei MR (2024) The prevalence of obesity and underweight in celiac patients at the time of diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Gastroenterol 24:357","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"6691_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuac052","volume":"81","author":"M Barone","year":"2022","unstructured":"Barone M, Iannone A, Cristofori F, Dargenio VN, Indrio F, Verduci E, Di Leo A, Francavilla R (2022) Risk of obesity during a gluten-free diet in pediatric and adult patients with celiac disease: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 81:252\u2013266","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"6691_CR16","unstructured":"Kuczmarski RJ, Ogden CL, Grummer-Strawn LM, Flegal KM, Guo SS, Wei R, Mei Z, Curtin LR, Roche AF, Johnson CL (2000) CDC growth charts: United States. Department of health and human services. Centers for disease control and prevention. National center for health statistics, Adv Data No. 314, pp 1\u201327"},{"key":"6691_CR17","unstructured":"World Bank Group (2025) World bank country and lending groups. Available at: https:\/\/datahelpdesk.worldbank.org\/knowledgebase\/articles\/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups. Accessed 30 Nov 2025"},{"key":"6691_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.13105\/wjma.v5.i4.80","volume":"5","author":"C Luchini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Luchini C, Stubbs B, Solmi M, Veronese N (2017) Assessing the quality of studies in meta-analyses: advantages and limitations of the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. World J Meta-Anal 5:80\u201384","journal-title":"World J Meta-Anal"},{"key":"6691_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2011.10.002","volume":"23","author":"P Brambilla","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brambilla P, Picca M, Dilillo D, Meneghin F, Cravidi C, Tischer MC, Vivaldo T, Bedogni G, Zuccotti GV (2013) Changes of body mass index in celiac children on a gluten-free diet. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 23:177\u2013182","journal-title":"Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"6691_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2016-311376","volume":"102","author":"A Assa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Assa A, Frenkel-Nir Y, Leibovici-Weissman Ya, Tzur D, Afek A, Katz LH, Levi Z, Shamir R (2017) Anthropometric measures and prevalence trends in adolescents with coeliac disease: a population based study. Arch Dis Child 102:139\u2013144","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"6691_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3181d1365a","volume":"51","author":"N Venkatasubramani","year":"2010","unstructured":"Venkatasubramani N, Telega G, Werlin SL (2010) Obesity in pediatric celiac disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 51:295\u2013297","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"6691_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3182276d5e","volume":"53","author":"NR Reilly","year":"2011","unstructured":"Reilly NR, Aguilar K, Hassid BG, Cheng J, DeFelice AR, Kazlow P, Bhagat G, Green PH (2011) Celiac disease in normal-weight and overweight children: clinical features and growth outcomes following a gluten-free diet. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 53:528\u2013531","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"6691_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5658","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i34.5658","volume":"19","author":"L Norsa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Norsa L, Shamir R, Zevit N, Verduci E, Hartman C, Ghisleni D, Riva E, Giovannini M (2013) Cardiovascular disease risk factor profiles in children with celiac disease on gluten-free diets. World J Gastroenterol 19:5658\u20135664","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"6691_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2013.286","volume":"68","author":"M Tsiountsioura","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tsiountsioura M, Wong JE, Upton J, McIntyre K, Dimakou D, Buchanan E, Cardigan T, Flynn D, Bishop J, Russell RK, Barclay A, McGrogan P, Edwards C, Gerasimidis K (2014) Detailed assessment of nutritional status and eating patterns in children with gastrointestinal diseases attending an outpatients clinic and contemporary healthy controls. Eur J Clin Nutr 68:700\u2013706","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"6691_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-14-165","volume":"14","author":"M van der Pals","year":"2014","unstructured":"van der Pals M, Myl\u00e9us A, Norstr\u00f6m F, Hammarroth S, H\u00f6gberg L, Ros\u00e9n A, Ivarsson A, Carlsson A (2014) Body mass index is not a reliable tool in predicting celiac disease in children. BMC Pediatr 14:165","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"6691_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.08.009","volume":"48","author":"C Malaventura","year":"2016","unstructured":"Malaventura C, Zanella S, Rizzo A, Maggiore G (2016) Body mass index in celiac children before and during gluten free diet. Dig Liver Dis 48:e243","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"6691_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2015.169","volume":"70","author":"T Capriati","year":"2016","unstructured":"Capriati T, Francavilla R, Ferretti F, Castellaneta S, Ancinelli M, Diamanti A (2016) The overweight: a rare presentation of celiac disease. Eur J Clin Nutr 70:282\u2013284","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"6691_CR28","first-page":"19","volume":"5","author":"OE Livshits","year":"2017","unstructured":"Livshits OE, Shauol R, Reifen R, Matthias T, Lerner A (2017) Can celiac disease present along with childhood obesity? Int J 5:19\u201323","journal-title":"Int J"},{"key":"6691_CR29","first-page":"62","volume":"5","author":"P Soares","year":"2017","unstructured":"Soares P, Lemos PS, Pires AM, de Sousa ACC (2017) Celiac disease and gluten-free diet in Portuguese children\u2013an anthropometric marker contribution assessment. Int J 5:62\u201368","journal-title":"Int J"},{"key":"6691_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001681","volume":"65","author":"A Al-Hussaini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Al-Hussaini A, Troncone R, Khormi M, AlTuraiki M, Alkhamis W, Alrajhi M, Halal T, Fagih M, Alharbi S, Bashir MS, Elchentoufi A (2017) Mass screening for celiac disease among school-aged children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 65:646\u2013651","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"6691_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.5114\/pg.2018.73347","volume":"13","author":"T Shahraki","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shahraki T, Shahraki M, Hill ID (2018) Frequency of overweight\/obesity among a group of children with celiac disease in Iran. Gastroenterol Rev\/Prz Gastroenterol 13:127\u2013131","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Rev\/Prz Gastroenterol"},{"key":"6691_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2010.01732.x","volume":"99","author":"B Aurangzeb","year":"2010","unstructured":"Aurangzeb B, Leach S, Lemberg D, Day A (2010) Nutritional status of children with coeliac disease. Acta Paediatr 99:1020\u20131025","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"6691_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000002235","volume":"68","author":"E Zifman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zifman E, Waisbourd-Zinman O, Marderfeld L, Zevit N, Guz-Mark A, Silbermintz A, Assa A, Mozer-Glassberg Y, Biran N, Reznik D, Poraz I, Shamir R (2019) The effect of gluten-free diet on cardiovascular risk factors in newly diagnosed pediatric celiac disease patients. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 68:684\u2013688","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"6691_CR34","first-page":"e11706","volume":"12","author":"G Sukkar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sukkar G, Alshareef AM, Aljahani M, Alharthi HA, Fakieha A (2020) The prevalence of growth variations among pediatric celiac disease patients at the time of diagnosis. Cureus 12:e11706\u2013e11706","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"6691_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Su\u00e1rez\u2010Gonz\u00e1lez M (2020) Influence of nutrition education in paediatric coeliac disease: impact of the role of the registered dietitian: a prospective, single\u2010arm intervention study. Journal of human nutrition and dietetics v. 33:pp. 775\u2013785\u20132020 v.2033 no.2026","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12800"},{"key":"6691_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061547","volume":"12","author":"N Sansotta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sansotta N, Guandalini S, Romano S, Amirikian K, Cipolli M, Tridello G, Barzaghi S, Jericho H (2020) The gluten free diet\u2019s impact on growth in children with celiac disease in two different countries. Nutrients 12:1547","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"6691_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001532","volume":"65","author":"E Almallouhi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Almallouhi E, King KS, Patel B, Wi C, Juhn YJ, Murray JA, Absah I (2017) Increasing incidence and altered presentation in a population-based study of pediatric celiac disease in North America. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 65:432\u2013437","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"6691_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11102329","volume":"11","author":"CB Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez CB, Varela-Moreiras G, \u00dabeda N, Alonso-Aperte E (2019) Nutritional status in Spanish children and adolescents with celiac disease on a gluten free diet compared to non-celiac disease controls. Nutrients 11:2329","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"6691_CR39","first-page":"323","volume":"37","author":"S Mohsen Dehghani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mohsen Dehghani S, Ostovar S, Ataollahi M, Javaherizadeh H (2017) The effect of gluten-free diet among celiac patients aged 3\u201312 years old on BMI during 2006 to 2014 at Nemazee Teaching hospital. Rev Gastroenterol Peru 37:323\u2013328","journal-title":"Rev Gastroenterol Peru"},{"key":"6691_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000724","volume":"61","author":"A Grandone","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grandone A, Marzuillo P, Cirillo G, Squitieri R, Tolone S, Miraglia del Giudice E, Perrone L, Tolone C (2015) FTO polymorphism rs9939609 contributes to weight changes in children with celiac disease on gluten-free diet. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 61:220\u2013223","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"6691_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-018-3128-8","volume":"177","author":"N Levran","year":"2018","unstructured":"Levran N, Wilschanski M, Livovsky J, Shachar E, Moskovitz M, Assaf-Jabrin L, Shteyer E (2018) Obesogenic habits among children and their families in response to initiation of gluten-free diet. Eur J Pediatr 177:859\u2013866","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"6691_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-14-99","volume":"14","author":"M Mackinder","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mackinder M, Allison G, Svolos V, Buchanan E, Johnston A, Cardigan T, Laird N, Duncan H, Fraser K, Edwards CA, Craigie I, McGrogan P, Gerasimidis K (2014) Nutritional status, growth and disease management in children with single and dual diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus and coeliac disease. BMC Gastroenterol 14:99","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"6691_CR43","first-page":"100","volume":"67","author":"MC Maggio","year":"2006","unstructured":"Maggio MC, Corsello G, Iacono G, Teresi S, Guicciardino E, Terrana S, Liotta A (2006) Gluten-free diet impact on leptin levels in asymptomatic coeliac adolescents: one year of follow-up. Horm Res 67:100\u2013104","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"6691_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2012-0312","volume":"26","author":"BU Nwosu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nwosu BU, Snook RI, Maranda L (2013) The relationship between adiposity and stature in prepubertal children with celiac disease. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 26:819\u2013824","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"6691_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.18203\/2349-3933.ijam20162611","volume":"3","author":"L Siddh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Siddh L, Sengar GS, Nagraj N, Shyam R, Garg P (2016) Body mass index in celiac disease and effect of a gluten-free diet on body mass index. Int J Adv Med 3:813\u2013815","journal-title":"Int J Adv Med"},{"key":"6691_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2010.161","volume":"64","author":"E Valletta","year":"2010","unstructured":"Valletta E, Fornaro M, Cipolli M, Conte S, Bissolo F, Danchielli C (2010) Celiac disease and obesity: need for nutritional follow-up after diagnosis. Eur J Clin Nutr 64:1371\u20131372","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"6691_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12010156","volume":"12","author":"M Villanueva","year":"2020","unstructured":"Villanueva M, Oyarz\u00fan A, Leyton B, Gonz\u00e1lez M, Navarro E, Canales P, Ossa C, Mu\u00f1oz MP, Bascu\u00f1\u00e1n KA, Araya M (2020) Changes in age at diagnosis and nutritional course of celiac disease in the last two decades. Nutrients 12:156","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"6691_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1089\/chi.2022.0035","volume":"20","author":"R De Giuseppe","year":"2023","unstructured":"De Giuseppe R, Bergomas F, Loperfido F, Giampieri F, Preatoni G, Calcaterra V, Cena H (2023) Could celiac disease and overweight\/obesity coexist in school-aged children and adolescents? A systematic review. Child Obes 20:48\u201367","journal-title":"Child Obes"},{"key":"6691_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.3233\/MNM-190314","volume":"12","author":"Z Nikniaz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nikniaz Z, Farhangi MA, Hosseinifard H, Nikniaz L (2019) Does a gluten-free diet increase body mass index and lipid profile in celiac patients? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Mediterr J Nutr Metab 12:341\u2013352","journal-title":"Mediterr J Nutr Metab"},{"key":"6691_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2019.06.036","volume":"99","author":"CM Trovato","year":"2019","unstructured":"Trovato CM, Raucci U, Valitutti F, Montuori M, Villa MP, Cucchiara S, Parisi P (2019) Neuropsychiatric manifestations in celiac disease. Epilepsy Behav 99:106393","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"6691_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103611","author":"F Persechino","year":"2021","unstructured":"Persechino F, Galli G, Persechino S, Valitutti F, Zenzeri L, Mauro A, Corleto VD, Parisi P, Ziparo C, Evangelisti M, Quatrale G, Di Nardo G (2021) Skin manifestations and coeliac disease in paediatric population. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13103611","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"6691_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.15.2008","volume":"283","author":"DF Stroup","year":"2000","unstructured":"Stroup DF, Berlin JA, Morton SC, Olkin I, Williamson GD, Rennie D, Moher D, Becker BJ, Sipe TA, Thacker SB, Group ftM-aOOSiE (2000) Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting. JAMA 283:2008\u20132012","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"6691_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2010.02.007","volume":"8","author":"D Moher","year":"2010","unstructured":"Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG (2010) Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Int J Surg 8:336\u2013341","journal-title":"Int J Surg"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00431-025-06691-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00431-025-06691-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00431-025-06691-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T03:03:30Z","timestamp":1770260610000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00431-025-06691-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["6691"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-025-06691-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1076"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1076","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 December 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 December 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 December 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) statements [\n                      \n                      ] and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statements [\n                      \n                      ]. The study was registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42023390243) and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (code: IR.UMSU.REC.1403.030).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable\n                      .","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"18"}}