{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T14:51:31Z","timestamp":1791039091159,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771804800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018573","name":"Istanbul Medeniyet University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018573","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Pediatr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease (BD) is a chronic multisystem vasculitis that may begin in childhood. Microvascular dysfunction is central to its pathogenesis, yet pediatric data are scarce. This study evaluated nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) findings in children with BD using standardized methodology and compared microvascular parameters between complete and incomplete disease phenotypes, as well as with age-matched healthy reference data. In this cross-sectional study, pediatric BD patients fulfilling the pediatric Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease (PEDBD) criteria underwent NVC following the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) microcirculation protocol. Capillary density, morphology, and microhemorrhages were compared between complete and incomplete BD and with age-matched healthy reference data. Associations between NVC parameters and clinical or laboratory findings were analyzed. Complete BD patients (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200915, 40.5%) had significantly lower capillary density and higher apical loop width, tortuosity, dilatation, abnormal capillaries, and microhemorrhage scores than incomplete BD (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200922, 59.5%). Compared with healthy peers, BD patients showed significantly lower capillary density, arterial and venous diameters, and capillary length but higher intercapillary distance and width.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n                    :\u00a0Pediatric BD is associated with distinct NVC abnormalities compared with healthy reference data. Differences in capillary density and morphology were observed between complete and incomplete phenotypes. These findings provide a descriptive overview of phenotype-associated microvascular features in pediatric BD.\n                    <jats:table-wrap>\n                      <jats:table>\n                        <jats:tbody>\n                          <jats:tr>\n                            <jats:td colspan=\"2\">\n                              <jats:bold>What Is Known:<\/jats:bold>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) can detect microvascular abnormalities in adult Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease, but pediatric data are extremely limited.<\/jats:italic>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Childhood-onset Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease often evolves over time from incomplete to complete phenotype, and reliable objective markers reflecting vascular involvement are lacking.<\/jats:italic>\n                              <jats:bold>What Is New:<\/jats:bold>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Pediatric Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease shows measurable NVC abnormalities compared with healthy children, even in the absence of clinically overt vascular involvement.<\/jats:italic>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Microvascular alterations are significantly more pronounced in complete phenotype than incomplete phenotype, suggesting cumulative vascular burden independent of disease activity scores.<\/jats:italic>\n                            <\/jats:td>\n                          <\/jats:tr>\n                        <\/jats:tbody>\n                      <\/jats:table>\n                    <\/jats:table-wrap>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-026-06804-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T22:03:03Z","timestamp":1771884183000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Phenotype-associated microvascular differences in pediatric Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease revealed by nailfold videocapillaroscopy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"185","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7334-6633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ufuk Furkan","family":"Ozdemir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1063-7459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elif","family":"Kucuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0358-8204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lutfiye","family":"Koru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9947-8298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feray","family":"Kaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4741-2460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zelal","family":"Aydin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2452-7803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serpil","family":"Meric Toprak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6577-9682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Betul Aysegul","family":"Ayyildiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8964-7086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hatice Kubra","family":"Dursun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2968-7446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eda Nur","family":"Dizman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7357-7992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merve Ozen","family":"Balci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0466-0228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kubra","family":"Ozturk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6963-9668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatih","family":"Haslak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"6804_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108381","volume":"214","author":"CE Pain","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pain CE (2020) Juvenile-onset Beh\u00e7et\u2019s syndrome and mimics. Clin Immunol 214:108381","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"6804_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-208491","volume":"75","author":"I Kon\u00e9-Paut","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kon\u00e9-Paut I et al (2016) Consensus classification criteria for paediatric Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease from a prospective observational cohort: PEDBD. Ann Rheum Dis 75(6):958\u2013964","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"6804_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac487","volume":"62","author":"K Melsens","year":"2023","unstructured":"Melsens K et al (2023) Standardized nailfold capillaroscopy in children with rheumatic diseases: a worldwide study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 62(4):1605\u20131615","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"6804_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-003071","author":"E Hysa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hysa E et al (2023) Microvascular damage in autoimmune connective tissue diseases: a capillaroscopic analysis from 20 years of experience in a EULAR training and research referral centre for imaging. RMD Open. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-003071","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"issue":"10","key":"6804_CR5","first-page":"2065","volume":"42","author":"JM Mercad\u00e9-Torras","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mercad\u00e9-Torras JM et al (2024) Nailfold videocapillaroscopy abnormalities and vascular manifestations in Beh\u00e7et\u2019s syndrome. Clin Exp Rheumatol 42(10):2065\u20132070","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"6804_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.12343","volume":"39","author":"S Aytekin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Aytekin S et al (2014) Nailfold capillaroscopy in Beh\u00e7et disease, performed using videodermoscopy. Clin Exp Dermatol 39(4):443\u2013447","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-021-00552-y","volume":"19","author":"M Girardelli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Girardelli M et al (2021) Genetic and immunologic findings in children with recurrent aphthous stomatitis with systemic inflammation. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 19(1):70","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol Online J"},{"issue":"3","key":"6804_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa457","volume":"60","author":"F Ingegnoli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ingegnoli F et al (2021) Reporting items for capillaroscopy in clinical research on musculoskeletal diseases: a systematic review and international Delphi consensus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 60(3):1410\u20131418","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"3","key":"6804_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2020.102458","volume":"19","author":"V Smith","year":"2020","unstructured":"Smith V et al (2020) Standardisation of nailfold capillaroscopy for the assessment of patients with Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon and systemic sclerosis. Autoimmun Rev 19(3):102458","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"issue":"11","key":"6804_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2019.102394","volume":"18","author":"V Smith","year":"2019","unstructured":"Smith V et al (2019) Fast track algorithm: how to differentiate a \u201cscleroderma pattern\u201d from a \u201cnon-scleroderma pattern.\u201d Autoimmun Rev 18(11):102394","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"issue":"Si2","key":"6804_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Si152","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keae296","volume":"63","author":"HA Dundar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dundar HA et al (2024) Description of the characteristics of the nailfold capillary structure in healthy children: a multi-centric study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 63(Si2):Si152-si159","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"6","key":"6804_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-008-9273-8","volume":"29","author":"N Sachdev","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sachdev N et al (2009) Spectrum of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in the Indian population. Int Ophthalmol 29(6):495\u2013501","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"6804_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Atalay E et al (2023) A new tool supporting the diagnosis of childhood-onset Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease: venous wall thickness. Rheumatology (Oxford) 62(Si2):Si181\u2013si188","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac314"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-018-4208-9","volume":"39","author":"ED Batu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Batu ED (2019) Diagnostic\/classification criteria in pediatric Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease. Rheumatol Int 39(1):37\u201346","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"6804_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2006.02754.x","volume":"45","author":"M Borlu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Borlu M et al (2006) Clinical features of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in children. Int J Dermatol 45(6):713\u2013716","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1159\/000018197","volume":"199","author":"R Treudler","year":"1999","unstructured":"Treudler R, Orfanos CE, Zouboulis CC (1999) Twenty-eight cases of juvenile-onset Adamantiades-Beh\u00e7et disease in Germany. Dermatology 199(1):15\u201319","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR17","first-page":"133","volume":"31","author":"I K\u00f6tter","year":"2004","unstructured":"K\u00f6tter I et al (2004) Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease in patients of German and Turkish origin living in Germany: a comparative analysis. J Rheumatol 31(1):133\u2013139","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"6804_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-011-1694-5","volume":"30","author":"F Davatchi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Davatchi F et al (2011) Diagnostic value of pathergy test in Behcet\u2019s disease according to the change of incidence over the time. Clin Rheumatol 30(9):1151\u20131155","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"6804_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627192","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.627192","volume":"8","author":"M Yildiz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yildiz M et al (2021) Pediatric Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 8:627192","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"1","key":"6804_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.5606\/ArchRheumatol.2020.7380","volume":"35","author":"\u0130 Kalay Yildizhan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kalay Yildizhan \u0130, Boyvat A (2020) Diagnostic sensitivity of different applications of pathergy test for Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease. Arch Rheumatol 35(1):29\u201334","journal-title":"Arch Rheumatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"6804_CR21","first-page":"2008","volume":"41","author":"A Del Peral-Fanjul","year":"2023","unstructured":"Del Peral-Fanjul A et al (2023) Vascular involvement in Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease: ultrasound assessment of femoral vein intima-media thickness, nailfold capillaroscopy and endothelial progenitor cells in a national referral centre. Clin Exp Rheumatol 41(10):2008\u20132016","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"6804_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-009-1106-2","volume":"28","author":"A Movasat","year":"2009","unstructured":"Movasat A et al (2009) Nailfold capillaroscopy in Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease, analysis of 128 patients. Clin Rheumatol 28(5):603\u2013605","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"6804_CR23","first-page":"1742","volume":"43","author":"S Zontul","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zontul S et al (2025) Can nailfold capillaroscopy findings be a marker for uveitis in Beh\u00e7et\u2019s syndrome? Clin Exp Rheumatol 43(10):1742\u20131747","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-026-06837-2","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773014400000}}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00431-026-06804-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00431-026-06804-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00431-026-06804-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T07:41:18Z","timestamp":1776930078000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00431-026-06804-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["6804"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-026-06804-x","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-8096790\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1432-1076"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1076","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 February 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 February 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 February 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 March 2026","order":6,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":7,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The original online version of this article was revised to correct a typographical error in the Materials and Methods section, specifically in the \"Patient Recruitment\" subsection.","order":8,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 March 2026","order":9,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":10,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":11,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-026-06837-2","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-026-06837-2","order":12,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ministry of Health Goztepe Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin, Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (approval date: 25 September 2025; approval no: 2025\/0192).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and their legal guardians prior to inclusion in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent for publication of anonymized clinical data and images was obtained from all participants\u2019 parents or legal guardians.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"146"}}