{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T07:01:05Z","timestamp":1780124465018,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Unrestricted research grant from Nutricia Benelux B.V."}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Pediatr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Children born extremely preterm (EP,\u2009&lt;\u200928 weeks gestation) are at increased risk of lifestyle-related morbidities. This study characterized parent-reported lifestyle behaviours in EP-born children at 2 years\u2019 corrected age (CA) and compared them with a Dutch reference population. In a multicentre prospective cohort study, parents completed the FLY-Kids lifestyle screening questionnaire (2 years\u2019 CA), which assessed parental satisfaction and adherence to age-specific recommendations for diet, eating habits, physical activity, screen time and sleep. Outcomes were compared with a Dutch reference sample of 2-year-olds, and associations were examined using linear regression. Of 269 eligible children, 239 parents responded. After exclusions (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200963), 176 children (74%) were enrolled, of whom 115 (65%) completed the questionnaire (14 twin-pairs). Compared with the Dutch reference population (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200973), lifestyle recommendations were more often unmet in EP children (mean\u2009=\u20093.92 vs. 3.29 items,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.01). Interestingly, a larger proportion of EP children exceeded the recommended sleep duration (\u2265\u200914\u00a0h) (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), while other lifestyle items were similar. In both populations,\u2009&gt;\u200930% of children failed to meet the recommendations for seven out\u00a0of nine items. Higher socioeconomic status (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.016) and having at least one foreign-born parent (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.034) were associated with lower parental satisfaction. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia diagnosis was associated with greater adherence to recommendations (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), while being underweight (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.029) associated with more unmet recommendations.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n                    :\u00a0Despite longer sleep duration, lifestyle behaviours in EP children at 2 years\u2019 CA largely resemble those of the general population. However, poor adherence to lifestyle recommendations highlight the need for targeted interventions to reduce lifestyle-associated morbidities in EP children.\n                    <jats:table-wrap>\n                      <jats:table>\n                        <jats:tbody>\n                          <jats:tr>\n                            <jats:td colspan=\"2\">\n                              <jats:bold>What is Known:<\/jats:bold>\n                              \u2022\n                              <jats:italic>Healthy lifestyle behaviours in early childhood are essential for long-term health outcomes.<\/jats:italic>\n                              \u2022\n                              <jats:italic>Extremely preterm (EP)\u2013born children have an elevated risk of lifestyle-related morbidities. However, knowledge on lifestyle behaviours during toddlerhood in this population remains limited.<\/jats:italic>\n                            <\/jats:td>\n                          <\/jats:tr>\n                          <jats:tr>\n                            <jats:td colspan=\"2\">\n                              <jats:bold>What is New:<\/jats:bold>\n                              \u2022\n                              <jats:italic>Characterization of lifestyle behaviours in this specific group of EP-born children at 2\u00a0years\u2019 corrected age offers novel insights.<\/jats:italic>\n                              \u2022\n                              <jats:italic>Except for longer sleep duration, lifestyle behaviours largely resemble the general population. However, over 30% of children in both EP and term populations fail to meet recommendations for 7 of the 9 lifestyle items included in the FLY-Kids tool.<\/jats:italic>\n                            <\/jats:td>\n                          <\/jats:tr>\n                        <\/jats:tbody>\n                      <\/jats:table>\n                    <\/jats:table-wrap>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-026-06986-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T22:14:21Z","timestamp":1777500861000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lifestyle behaviours in children born extremely preterm at 2\u00a0years: a comparison to a Dutch reference population"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"185","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3568-863X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina M.","family":"Frerichs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2094-6461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna M.","family":"le Clercq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0645-9142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marissa C. 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