{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T08:52:07Z","timestamp":1781772727141,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Pediatr"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-026-07107-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T13:57:16Z","timestamp":1780322236000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical utility of a novel index for predicting metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease risk in children"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"185","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4506-2654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00fcl\u00e7in","family":"Arslan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00fcge","family":"Deveci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eren","family":"Er","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bumin Nuri","family":"D\u00fcndar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"7107_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.4103\/1735-1995.156179","volume":"20","author":"R Kelishadi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kelishadi R, Mirmoghtadaee P, Najafi H, Keikha M (2015) Systematic review on the association of abdominal obesity in children and adolescents with cardiometabolic risk factors. J Res Med Sci 20:294\u2013307","journal-title":"J Res Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"7107_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12010031","volume":"12","author":"R Leis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Leis R, de Lamas C, de Castro MJ, Pic\u00e1ns R, Gil-Campos M, Couce ML (2019) Effects of nutritional education interventions on metabolic risk in children and adolescents: a systematic review of controlled trials. Nutrients 12(1):31","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"2","key":"7107_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020413","volume":"13","author":"S Vizzuso","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vizzuso S, Del Torto A, Dilillo D, Calcaterra V, Di Profio E, Leone A et al (2021) Visceral adiposity index (VAI) in children and adolescents with obesity: no association with daily energy intake but promising tool to identify metabolic syndrome (MetS). Nutrients 13(2):413","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"6","key":"7107_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.50591","volume":"27","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu Y, Zheng H, Zou Z, Jing J, Ma Y, Wang H et al (2020) Metabolic syndrome and related factors in Chinese children and adolescents: analysis from a Chinese national study. J Atheroscler Thromb 27(6):534\u2013544","journal-title":"J Atheroscler Thromb"},{"issue":"8","key":"7107_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11081788","volume":"11","author":"MD DeBoer","year":"2019","unstructured":"DeBoer MD (2019) Assessing and managing the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. Nutrients 11(8):1788","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"7107_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-023-03892-8","volume":"23","author":"C Dundar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dundar C, Terzi O, Arslan HN (2023) Comparison of the ability of HOMA-IR, VAI, and TyG indexes to predict metabolic syndrome in children with obesity: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 23:74","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"7107_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.15171\/jcvtr.2019.46","volume":"11","author":"HS Ejtahed","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ejtahed HS, Kelishadi R, Hasani-Ranjbar S, Angoorani P, Motlagh ME, Shafiee G et al (2019) Discriminatory ability of visceral adiposity index as an indicator for modeling cardiometabolic risk factors in pediatric population: the CASPIAN-V study. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 11:280\u2013286","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Thorac Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"7107_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18030857","volume":"18","author":"IT Lin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lin IT, Lee MY, Wang CW, Wu DW, Chen SC (2021) Gender differences in the relationships among metabolic syndrome and various obesity-related indices with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a Taiwanese population. Int J Environ Res Public Health 18(3):857","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"7107_CR9","first-page":"449","volume":"8","author":"V Calcaterra","year":"2021","unstructured":"Calcaterra V, Verduci E, Schneider L, Cena H, De Silvestri A, Vizzuso S et al (2021) Sex-specific differences in the relationship between insulin resistance and adiposity indexes in children and adolescents with obesity. Children (Basel) 8(6):449","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"key":"7107_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-10-183","volume":"10","author":"MC Amato","year":"2011","unstructured":"Amato MC, Giordano C, Pitrone M, Galluzzo A (2011) Cut-off points of the visceral adiposity index (VAI) identifying a visceral adipose dysfunction associated with cardiometabolic risk in a Caucasian Sicilian population. Lipids Health Dis 10:183","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"7107_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-1603","volume":"140","author":"SN Magge","year":"2017","unstructured":"Magge SN, Goodman E, Armstrong SC (2017) The metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents: shifting the focus to cardiometabolic risk factor clustering. Pediatrics 140:e20171603","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"16","key":"7107_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2783","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2020.1788501","volume":"61","author":"ADM Brito","year":"2021","unstructured":"Brito ADM, Hermsdorff HHM, Filgueiras MDS, Suhett LG, Vieira-Ribeiro SA, Franceschini SCC et al (2021) Predictive capacity of triglyceride glucose (TyG) index for insulin resistance and cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 61(16):2783\u20132792","journal-title":"Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"7107_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-03138-6","volume":"11","author":"JS Yoon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yoon JS, Shim YS, Lee HS, Hwang IT, Hwang JS (2021) A population-based study of TyG index distribution and its relationship to cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. Sci Rep 11(1):1\u20139","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"7107_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2017.32.3.427","volume":"32","author":"S Moon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Moon S, Park JS, Ahn Y (2017) The cut-off values of triglycerides and glucose index for metabolic syndrome in American and Korean adolescents. J Korean Med Sci 32(3):427\u2013433","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"7107_CR15","unstructured":"Turkish Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Society. Child metrics tool. https:\/\/www.cocukendokrin.org\/childmetrics\/. Accessed 15 Jan 2026"},{"issue":"4","key":"7107_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.4274\/jcrpe.2183","volume":"7","author":"O Neyzi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Neyzi O, Bundak R, G\u00f6k\u00e7ay G et al (2015) Reference values for weight, height, head circumference, and body mass index in Turkish children. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 7(4):280\u2013293","journal-title":"J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"key":"7107_CR17","unstructured":"World Health Organization\u00a0(2024)\u00a0Obesity and overweight. World Health Organization. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/obesity-and-overweight.\u00a0Accessed 15 Jan 2026"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"7107_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S39","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2014.134","volume":"38","author":"J Peplies","year":"2014","unstructured":"Peplies J, Jim\u00e9nez-Pav\u00f3n D, Savva SC, Buck C, G\u00fcnther K, Fraterman A et al (2014) Percentiles of fasting serum insulin, glucose, HbA1c and HOMA-IR in pre-pubertal normal weight European children from the IDEFICS cohort. Int J Obes (Lond) 38(Suppl 2):S39\u2013S47","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"7107_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2014.130","volume":"38","author":"W Ahrens","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ahrens W, Moreno LA, M\u00e5rild S, Moln\u00e1r D, Siani A, De Henauw S et al (2014) Metabolic syndrome in young children: definitions and results of the IDEFICS study. Int J Obes (Lond) 38(Suppl 2):S4\u2013S14","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"7107_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S67","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2014.137","volume":"38","author":"S De Henauw","year":"2014","unstructured":"De Henauw S, Michels N, Vyncke K, Hebestreit A, Russo P, Intemann T et al (2014) Blood lipids among young children in Europe: results from the European IDEFICS study. Int J Obes (Lond) 38(Suppl 2):S67\u2013S75","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"key":"7107_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1390","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-1062","volume":"118","author":"C Li","year":"2006","unstructured":"Li C, Ford ES, Mokdad AH, Cook S (2006) Recent trends in waist circumference and waist-height ratio among US children and adolescents. Pediatrics 118:e1390\u2013e1398","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"7107_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2007.00271.x","volume":"8","author":"P Zimmet","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zimmet P, Alberti GKM, Kaufman F, Tajima N, Silink M, Arslanian S et al (2007) The metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents\u2014an IDF consensus report. Pediatr Diabetes 8:299\u2013306","journal-title":"Pediatr Diabetes"},{"issue":"7","key":"7107_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00280883","volume":"28","author":"DR Matthews","year":"1985","unstructured":"Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC (1985) Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and \u03b2-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 28(7):412\u2013419","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"4","key":"7107_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1825","volume":"33","author":"MC Amato","year":"2010","unstructured":"Amato MC, Giordano C, Galia M et al (2010) Visceral adiposity index: a reliable indicator of visceral fat function associated with cardiometabolic risk. Diabetes Care 33(4):920\u2013922","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"7107_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1089\/met.2008.0034","volume":"6","author":"LE Simental-Mend\u00eda","year":"2008","unstructured":"Simental-Mend\u00eda LE, Rodr\u00edguez-Mor\u00e1n M, Guerrero-Romero F (2008) The product of fasting glucose and triglycerides as surrogate for identifying insulin resistance in apparently healthy subjects. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 6(4):299\u2013304","journal-title":"Metab Syndr Relat Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"7107_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-012-1822-5","volume":"172","author":"N Hatipoglu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hatipoglu N, Mazicioglu MM, Poyrazoglu S, Borlu A, Horoz D, Kurtoglu S (2013) Waist circumference percentiles among Turkish children under the age of 6 years. Eur J Pediatr 172(1):59\u201369","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"7107_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-007-0502-3","volume":"167","author":"N Hatipoglu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hatipoglu N, Ozturk A, Mazicioglu MM, Kurtoglu S, Seyhan S, Lokoglu F (2008) Waist circumference percentiles for 7- to 17-year-old Turkish children and adolescents. Eur J Pediatr 167(4):383\u2013389","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"7107_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/gastroent16040047","volume":"16","author":"F Ibba","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ibba F, Airola C, Rozera T, Petrucci L, Carlino G, Varca S et al (2025) Clinical value of ultrasound fat fraction in grading hepatic steatosis: Preliminary cut-off values in obese patients. Gastroenterol Insights 16(4):47","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Insights"},{"issue":"1","key":"7107_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1159\/000348625","volume":"6","author":"N Santoro","year":"2013","unstructured":"Santoro N, Amato A, Grandone A, Brienza C, Savarese P, Tartaglione N et al (2013) Predicting metabolic syndrome in obese children and adolescents: look, measure and ask. Obes Facts 6(1):48\u201356","journal-title":"Obes Facts"},{"issue":"3","key":"7107_CR30","first-page":"221","volume":"75","author":"MN Noor Shafina","year":"2020","unstructured":"Noor Shafina MN, Abdul Rasyid A, Anis Siham ZA, Nor Izwah MK, Jamaluddin M (2020) Parental perception of children\u2019s weight status and sociodemographic factors associated with childhood obesity. Med J Malaysia 75(3):221\u2013225","journal-title":"Med J Malaysia"},{"issue":"3","key":"7107_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15030764","volume":"15","author":"DD Jakobsen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jakobsen DD, Brader L, Bruun JM (2023) Association between food, beverages and overweight\/obesity in children and adolescents\u2014a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Nutrients 15(3):764","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"12","key":"7107_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-005813","volume":"4","author":"I Braithwaite","year":"2014","unstructured":"Braithwaite I, Stewart AW, Hancox RJ, Beasley R, Murphy R, Mitchell EA (2014) Fast-food consumption and body mass index in children and adolescents: An international cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 4(12):e005813","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"7107_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59040664","volume":"59","author":"SK Papadopoulou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Papadopoulou SK, Mentzelou M, Pavlidou E, Vasios GK, Spanoudaki M, Antasouras G et al (2023) Caesarean section delivery is associated with childhood overweight and obesity, low childbirth weight and postnatal complications: A cross-sectional study. Medicina (Kaunas) 59(4):664","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"issue":"10","key":"7107_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-013-2043-2","volume":"172","author":"L Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang L, Alamian A, Southerland J, Wang K, Anderson J, Stevens M (2013) Cesarean section and the risk of overweight in grade 6 children. Eur J Pediatr 172(10):1341\u20131347","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"7107_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22801","volume":"28","author":"L Ma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ma L, Gao L, Chiu DT, Ding Y, Wang Y, Wang W (2020) Overweight and obesity impair academic performance in adolescence: a national cohort study of 10,279 adolescents in China. Obesity (Silver Spring) 28(7):1301\u20131309","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"10","key":"7107_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2014.40","volume":"38","author":"JN Booth","year":"2014","unstructured":"Booth JN, Tomporowski PD, Boyle JM, Ness AR, Joinson C, Leary SD et al (2014) Obesity impairs academic attainment in adolescence: findings from ALSPAC, a UK cohort. Int J Obes (Lond) 38(10):1335\u20131342","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"issue":"4","key":"7107_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2021-0271","volume":"35","author":"\u0130 D\u00fcndar","year":"2022","unstructured":"D\u00fcndar \u0130, Ak\u0131nc\u0131 A (2022) Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and related morbidities in overweight and obese children. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 35(4):435\u2013441","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"7","key":"7107_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57070719","volume":"57","author":"J Brecelj","year":"2021","unstructured":"Brecelj J, Orel R (2021) Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children. Medicina (Kaunas) 57(7):719","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"issue":"3","key":"7107_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-2573","volume":"102","author":"DM Styne","year":"2017","unstructured":"Styne DM, Arslanian SA, Connor EL, Farooqi IS, Murad MH, Silverstein JH, Yanovski JA (2017) Pediatric obesity\u2014assessment, treatment, and prevention: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 102(3):709\u2013757","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"7107_CR40","first-page":"232","volume":"3","author":"GG \u00c7elik","year":"2011","unstructured":"\u00c7elik GG, Tahiro\u011flu A, Avc\u0131 A (2011) \u00c7ocuk ve ergenlerde atipik antipsikotik ila\u00e7lar\u0131n metabolik ve endokrin yan etkileri. Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar 3:232\u2013250","journal-title":"Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar"},{"issue":"1","key":"7107_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-020-01582-9","volume":"31","author":"M Pozzi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pozzi M, Ferrentino RI, Scrinzi G, Scavone C, Capuano A, Radice S et al (2022) Weight and body mass index increase in children and adolescents exposed to antipsychotic drugs in non-interventional settings: a meta-analysis and meta-regression. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 31(1):21\u201337","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"7107_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202009-3537OC","volume":"204","author":"A Kun\u00f8e","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kun\u00f8e A, Sevelsted A, Chawes BL, Stokholm J, Eliasen A, Krakauer M et al (2021) Associations between inhaled corticosteroid use in the first 6 years of life and obesity-related traits. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 204(6):642\u2013650","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"7107_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.21911\/aai.634","volume":"19","author":"BD Sar\u0131ca","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sar\u0131ca BD, K\u00f6ksal BT, Tekindal MA, \u00d6zbek \u00d6Y (2021) Effect of inhaled corticosteroid treatment on body composition parameters in children with asthma. Asthma Allergy Immunol 19:149\u2013155","journal-title":"Asthma Allergy Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7107_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.183454","volume":"20","author":"D Sanyal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sanyal D, Raychaudhuri M (2016) Hypothyroidism and obesity: an intriguing link. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 20(4):554\u2013557","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"7107_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e328344c393","volume":"23","author":"T Reinehr","year":"2011","unstructured":"Reinehr T (2011) Thyroid function in the nutritionally obese child and adolescent. Curr Opin Pediatr 23(4):415\u2013420","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"7107_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deaa069","volume":"35","author":"Y He","year":"2020","unstructured":"He Y, Tian J, Blizzard L, Oddy WH, Dwyer T, Bazzano LA et al (2020) Associations of childhood adiposity with menstrual irregularity and polycystic ovary syndrome in adulthood: the Childhood Determinants of Adult Health Study and the Bogalusa Heart Study. Hum Reprod 35(5):1185\u20131198","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"3","key":"7107_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.4274\/jcrpe.1867","volume":"7","author":"S Elmao\u011fullar\u0131","year":"2015","unstructured":"Elmao\u011fullar\u0131 S, Tepe D, U\u00e7akt\u00fcrk SA, Karaca Kara F, Demirel F (2015) Prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated factors in obese children and adolescents. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 7(3):228\u2013234","journal-title":"J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7107_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14978","volume":"39","author":"M G\u00fcven","year":"2022","unstructured":"G\u00fcven M, An\u0131k A, \u00dcn\u00fcvar T, \u0130lg\u00fcn G\u00fcrel D, \u015eendur N (2022) Cutaneous manifestations of obesity in Turkish children: a comparative study. Pediatr Dermatol 39(4):513\u2013519","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"7107_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/hepatmon.92199","volume":"19","author":"S Gheibi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gheibi S, Maleki F, Safiri S, Esmaeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh H, Mansouri Motlagh B et al (2019) Prevalence and predictors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese and overweight children in the northwest of Iran. Hepat Mon 19(10):e92199","journal-title":"Hepat Mon"},{"key":"7107_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.724426","volume":"9","author":"HC Chao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chao HC, Lin HY (2021) Comparison of body mass index and fat indices in predicting the severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among children who are overweight and obese. Front Pediatr 9:724426","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"issue":"8","key":"7107_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2017.140","volume":"112","author":"E Bugianesi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bugianesi E, Bizzarri C, Rosso C, Mosca A, Panera N, Veraldi S et al (2017) Low birthweight increases the likelihood of severe steatosis in pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Am J Gastroenterol 112(8):1277\u20131286","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"7107_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.03.007","volume":"187","author":"KP Newton","year":"2017","unstructured":"Newton KP, Feldman HS, Chambers CD, Wilson L, Behling C, Clark JM et al (2017) Low and high birth weights are risk factors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children. J Pediatr 187:141-146.e1","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"7107_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-023-04007-8","volume":"21","author":"L Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang L, Yi J, Guo J (2023) Weight change across adulthood is related to the presence of NAFLD: results from NHANES III. J Transl Med 21:142","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"7107_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-2738","volume":"139","author":"Y Yan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yan Y, Hou D, Zhao X, Liu J, Cheng H, Wang Y et al (2017) Childhood adiposity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adulthood. Pediatrics 139(4):e20162738","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"7107_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.24953\/turkjped.2016.05.009","volume":"58","author":"B \u00d6zhan","year":"2016","unstructured":"\u00d6zhan B, Ersoy B, \u00d6zkol M, Kiremitci S, Ergin A (2016) Waist-to-height ratio: a simple screening tool for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obese children. Turk J Pediatr 58(5):518\u2013523","journal-title":"Turk J Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"7107_CR56","first-page":"181","volume":"21","author":"SM Hosseini","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hosseini SM, Mousavi S, Poursafa P, Kelishadi R (2011) Risk score model for predicting sonographic non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children and adolescents. Iran J Pediatr 21(2):181\u2013187","journal-title":"Iran J Pediatr"},{"issue":"11","key":"7107_CR57","first-page":"1439","volume":"12","author":"E \u00c7\u0131\u011fr\u0131","year":"2025","unstructured":"\u00c7\u0131\u011fr\u0131 E, \u00c7atan \u0130nan F, G\u00fclten S, Bildirici MA, G\u00f6kkaya AE, As\u0131leren M et al (2025) The predictive role of the triglyceride\/high-density lipoprotein ratio and the triglyceride-glucose index, along with anthropometric measurements, in diagnosing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese children and adolescents, and the evaluation of novel cardiovascular risk markers in pediatric NAFLD. Children (Basel) 12(11):1439","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"key":"7107_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.943375","volume":"30","author":"K Trochimczyk","year":"2024","unstructured":"Trochimczyk K, Flisiak-Jackiewicz M, Bobrus-Chociej A, Lebensztejn A, Wojtkowska M, Jamio\u0142kowski J et al (2024) Biochemical and anthropometric indices of insulin resistance in obese and overweight children with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. Med Sci Monit 30:e943375","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"7107_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-19657-6","volume":"24","author":"J Shi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shi J, Chen J, Zhang Z et al (2024) Multi-dimensional comparison of abdominal obesity indices and insulin resistance indicators for assessing NAFLD. BMC Public Health 24:2161","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"7107_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aohep.2019.04.012","volume":"18","author":"E Villanueva-Ortega","year":"2019","unstructured":"Villanueva-Ortega E, Garc\u00e9s-Hern\u00e1ndez MJ, Herrera-Rosas A, L\u00f3pez-Alvarenga JC, Laresgoiti-Servitje E, Escobedo G et al (2019) Gender-specific differences in clinical and metabolic variables associated with NAFLD in a Mexican pediatric population. Ann Hepatol 18(5):693\u2013700","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00431-026-07107-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00431-026-07107-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00431-026-07107-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T08:04:04Z","timestamp":1781769844000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00431-026-07107-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["7107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-026-07107-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1076"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1076","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 May 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 May 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 June 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"454"}}