{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T15:07:03Z","timestamp":1789225623799,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786752000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009473","name":"Universidad de M\u00e1laga","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009473","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Pediatr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>During childhood, foot posture, joint hypermobility, and foot and ankle strength may influence lower limb function. However, there is limited evidence analysing these variables together in the paediatric population. The study aims to analyse how foot posture, joint hypermobility, ankle mobility, and foot\u2013ankle strength are related in children aged 5 to 10\u00a0years. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 196 healthy children aged between 5 and 10\u00a0years. Foot posture was assessed using the Foot Posture Index (FPI), general joint hypermobility using the Beighton score, and lower-limb\u2013specific hypermobility using the Lower Limb Assessment Score (LLAS) and the Foot and Ankle Flexibility Index (FAFI). Ankle dorsiflexion was measured with the Lunge test, and isometric ankle strength was assessed using hand-held dynamometry. Descriptive analyses, correlations, and between-group comparisons were performed. No associations were found between foot posture, ankle dorsiflexion range of motion, or generalized joint hypermobility (Beighton score) and ankle muscle strength. In contrast, region-specific lower-limb hypermobility (LLAS and FAFI) showed only weak associations with ankle muscle strength. After adjustment for age, sex, and BMI-for-age z-score, only a limited number of associations remained statistically significant, and the observed effect sizes were small.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n                    : In healthy children, ankle muscle strength was not associated with foot posture, ankle dorsiflexion range of motion, or generalized joint hypermobility. Region-specific lower-limb hypermobility showed only weak associations with ankle muscle strength, most of which were attenuated after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI-for-age z-score.\n                    <jats:table-wrap>\n                      <jats:table>\n                        <jats:tbody>\n                          <jats:tr>\n                            <jats:td colspan=\"2\">\n                              <jats:bold>What is Known:<\/jats:bold>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Foot posture and joint hypermobility are common in childhood and may influence lower limb function.<\/jats:italic>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Previous studies have analysed foot type, hypermobility or strength separately, with heterogenous findings.<\/jats:italic>\n                            <\/jats:td>\n                          <\/jats:tr>\n                          <jats:tr>\n                            <jats:td colspan=\"2\">\n                              <jats:bold>What is New:<\/jats:bold>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Lower limb specific hypermobility (LLAS), but not Beighton score, was associated with ankle strength.<\/jats:italic>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Hypermobile children showed greater relative ankle strength (BMI-normalised), suggesting threshold effects of joint laxity.<\/jats:italic>\n                            <\/jats:td>\n                          <\/jats:tr>\n                        <\/jats:tbody>\n                      <\/jats:table>\n                    <\/jats:table-wrap>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-026-07313-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T05:56:43Z","timestamp":1786773403000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ankle muscle strength, joint hypermobility, and foot posture in children aged 5\u201310\u00a0years: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"185","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9027-7860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Martinez-Sebastian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari Carmen Carrasco","family":"De La Fuente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4558-3548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Gijon-Nogueron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7839-4789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alvaro","family":"Gomez-Carrion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9349-7751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Ramos-Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5527-1161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela M. 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Written informed consent for publication was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of the participants.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"668"}}