{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T03:07:26Z","timestamp":1789182446958,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008363","name":"Kr\u00e6ftens Bek\u00e6mpelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008363","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Captain Aage Nielsen's Family Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010733","name":"B\u00f8rnecancerfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010733","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Hospital"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Pediatr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Children with cancer experience treatment-related physical disruptions; however, these disruptions for preschool children newly diagnosed with cancer are poorly characterized. This study aimed to quantify gross motor function, functional level, physical performance, and muscle strength in preschool children aged 1\u20135\u00a0years newly diagnosed with cancer, and to compare these with age-expected normative values. This cross-sectional study includes data from the baseline assessment of 83 children (49% girls, 39\u2009\u00b1\u200916\u00a0months old) enrolled in the Rehabilitation including structured active Play for preschoolers with cancer (RePlay) trial. Gross motor function was evaluated using the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales\u2013Second Edition (PDMS-2); functional level was assessed using the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI); physical performance was assessed using the 6-min walk test; and muscle strength was assessed using the KLS Martin Vigorimeter for handgrip strength. Mean gross motor quotient was 78.9 [95% CI: 73.6\u201384.2], indicating poor overall performance; 76% of the children performed below average or worse. Most children had difficulties with locomotion, with a mean standard score of 5.7 [95% CI: 4.8\u20136.6], indicating poor performance; 81% of the children performed below average or worse. PEDI mobility data were available for 83 children, with a mean normative standard score of 23.2 [95% CI: 20.0\u201326.3], indicating decreased functional level; 69% of the children scored below average. Mean handgrip strength was below average compared to healthy children; 0.17 [95% CI: 0.12\u20130.22].<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n                    : These results show that preschoolers newly diagnosed with cancer have gross motor function, functional level, and muscle strength impairments, underlining the importance of targeted physical rehabilitation.\n                    <jats:italic>ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:italic>\n                    : NCT04672681.\n                    <jats:table-wrap>\n                      <jats:table>\n                        <jats:tbody>\n                          <jats:tr>\n                            <jats:td align=\"left\">\n                              <jats:bold>What is Known:<\/jats:bold>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Research has shown that children newly diagnosed with cancer have markedly impaired muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, physical performance, and gross motor functions<\/jats:italic>\n                              .\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Gross motor function development is fundamentally important for preschoolers. However, research on gross motor function in children with cancer is limited, and existing studies often include broad age ranges (1\u201318 years), hindering clear evidence specific to preschoolers aged 1\u20135 years<\/jats:italic>\n                              .\n                            <\/jats:td>\n                          <\/jats:tr>\n                          <jats:tr>\n                            <jats:td align=\"left\">\n                              <jats:bold>What is New:<\/jats:bold>\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Preschool children newly diagnosed with cancer have clinically significant impairments of gross motor function and functional level<\/jats:italic>\n                              .\n                              <jats:italic>\u2022 Data on physical performance and muscle strength are limited, indicating poor feasibility for preschoolers with cancer<\/jats:italic>\n                              .\n                            <\/jats:td>\n                          <\/jats:tr>\n                        <\/jats:tbody>\n                      <\/jats:table>\n                    <\/jats:table-wrap>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-026-07333-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:49:41Z","timestamp":1787010581000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gross motor function, functional level, physical performance, and muscle strength in preschool children newly diagnosed with cancer: Data from the RePlay trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Pouplier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Schmidt-Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helle","family":"Winther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanne B\u00e6kgaard","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin Kaj","family":"Fridh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"7333_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.3109\/10428194.2014.944519","volume":"56","author":"KK Ness","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ness KK, Kaste SC, Zhu L, Pui CH, Jeha S, Nathan PC et al (2015) Skeletal, neuromuscular and fitness impairments among children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 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The Regional Research Ethics Committee in the Capital Region of Denmark approved the RePlay trial (jr.nr.: H-20023949), and the Danish Data Protection Agency approved the handling of data (jr. nr.: P-2020\u2013290).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed parental consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"674"}}