{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:52:30Z","timestamp":1791921150637,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Pediatr"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-026-07433-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T03:09:49Z","timestamp":1790824189000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Decision-making in paediatric palliative sedation: A vignette survey across five European countries"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"185","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9158-7045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Ferri Perez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Robijn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Beernaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Michiels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Lacerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Aelvoet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Vandecruys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Pol\u00e1kov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. B.","family":"Brandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Debulpaep","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Dombrecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"7433_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-025-01863-7","volume":"24","author":"H Fischer","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fischer H, Gubler D, Van Norel AM, Bergstr\u00e4sser E, Mendes J, Lacerda A (2025) Physicians\u2019 opinions on and practical experiences with palliative sedation therapy in children: an international survey in five European countries. BMC Palliat Care 24(1):260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12904-025-01863-7","journal-title":"BMC Palliat Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"7433_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2021.0650","volume":"26","author":"A Cuviello","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cuviello A, Pasli M, Bhatia S, Johnson LM, Anghelescu DL, Baker JN (2022) Dexmedetomidine and propofol at end of life in pediatric oncology: trends in palliative sedation therapy. J Palliat Med 26(1):79\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jpm.2021.0650","journal-title":"J Palliat Med"},{"key":"7433_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10966218251390199","author":"A Mihalik","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mihalik A, Gamble S, Brown A, Koch J, Shaw T, Cuviello A (2025) Pediatric palliative sedation practices in the intensive care unit. J Palliat Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10966218251390199","journal-title":"J Palliat Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"7433_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1017\/s1478951523000846","volume":"22","author":"MJP Cantero","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cantero MJP, Asencio JMM, Plantagenet-Whyte FP, Carmona ML, Antonelli MR, Bigat\u00e1 TG, Pel\u00e1ez Cantero MJ, Morales Asencio JM, Parra Plantagenet-Whyte F, Leyva Carmona M, Rosique Antonelli M, Gili Bigat\u00e1 T, Martino Alba R (2023) Sedation in pediatric palliative care: the role of pediatric palliative care teams. Palliat Support Care 22(4):644\u2013648. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1478951523000846","journal-title":"Palliat Support Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"7433_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2022.04.004","volume":"96","author":"I de Noriega","year":"2022","unstructured":"de Noriega I, Rigal Andr\u00e9s M, Martino Alba R (2022) Descriptive analysis of palliative sedation in a pediatric palliative care unit. Anales de Pediatr\u00eda (English Edition). 96(5):385\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anpede.2022.04.004","journal-title":"Anales de Pediatr\u00eda (English Edition)."},{"key":"7433_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Surges SM, Arantzamendi M, Robijn L, Payne S, Hasselaar J (2024) Palliative sedation: a medical-ethical exploration. Textbook of Palliative Care. Springer Nature, pp 1741\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-48991-4_92","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-48991-4_92"},{"key":"7433_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Committee on Bioethics, Katz AL, Macauley RC, Mercurio MR, Moon MR, Okun AL, Opel DJ, Statter MB (2016) Informed Consent in Decision-Making in Pediatric Practice. Pediatrics\u00a0 138(2):e20161484.\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2016-1484","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-1484"},{"issue":"11","key":"7433_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200645110-00003","volume":"45","author":"IH Bartelink","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bartelink IH, Rademaker CM, Schobben AF, van den Anker JN (2012) Guidelines on paediatric dosing on the basis of developmental physiology and pharmacokinetic considerations. Clinical Pharmacokinetics. 45(11):1077\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00003088-200645110-00003","journal-title":"Clinical Pharmacokinetics."},{"issue":"2","key":"7433_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1177\/02692163231220225","volume":"38","author":"SM Surges","year":"2024","unstructured":"Surges SM, Brunsch H, Jaspers B, Apostolidis K, Cardone A, Centeno C (2024) Revised European Association for Palliative Care (EAPC) recommended framework on palliative sedation: an international Delphi study. Palliat Med 38(2):213\u2013228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/02692163231220225","journal-title":"Palliat Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"7433_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1177\/10499091221138298","volume":"40","author":"A Cuviello","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cuviello A, Ang N, Morgan K, Baker JN, Anghelescu DL (2022) Palliative sedation therapy practice comparison \u2013 a survey of pediatric palliative care and pain management specialists. Am J Hosp Palliat Med 40(9):977\u2013986. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10499091221138298","journal-title":"Am J Hosp Palliat Med"},{"key":"7433_CR11","unstructured":"Nederlandse Vereniging voor Kindergeneeskunde. Richtlijn palliatieve zorg voor kinderen: stappenplan en doseringsschema continue palliatieve sedatie [Internet]. Palliaweb.nl. Nederlandse Vereniging voor Kindergeneeskunde; November 28 2022. Available from: https:\/\/palliaweb.nl\/richtlijnen-palliatieve-zorg\/richtlijn\/palliatieve-zorg-voor-kinderen\/refractaire-symptomen-(1)\/uitvoering\/doseringsschema-s.\u00a0Accessed 15 Mar 2026"},{"issue":"1","key":"7433_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2021.07.012","volume":"63","author":"MT Heijltjes","year":"2021","unstructured":"Heijltjes MT, Morita T, Mori M, Heckel M, Klein C, Stiel S, Miccinesi G, Deliens L, Robijn L, Stone P, Sykes N, Hui D, Krishna L, van Delden JJM, van der Heide A, Rietjens JAC (2021) Physicians\u2019 opinion and practice with the continuous use of sedatives in the last days of life. J Pain Symptom Manage 63(1):78\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2021.07.012","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"issue":"6","key":"7433_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.6.790","volume":"290","author":"CL Sprung","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sprung CL, Cohen SL, Sjokvist P, Baras M, Bulow HH, Hovilehto S, Ledoux D, Lippert A, Maia P, Phelan D, Schobersberger W, Wennberg E, Woodcock T, Ethicus Study Group (2003) End-of-life practices in European intensive care units: the Ethicus study. JAMA 290(6):790\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.290.6.790","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"7433_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1097\/spc.0b013e3283492aba","volume":"5","author":"R Kiman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kiman R, Wuiloud AC, Requena ML (2011) End of life care sedation for children. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 5(3):285\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/spc.0b013e3283492aba","journal-title":"Curr Opin Support Palliat Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"7433_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.25160","volume":"61","author":"SG Vallero","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vallero SG, Lijoi S, Bertin D, Pittana LS, Bellini S, Rossi F, Peretta P, Basso ME, Fagioli F (2014) End\u2010of\u2010life care in pediatric neuro\u2010oncology. Pediatr Blood Cancer 61(11):2004\u20132011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pbc.25160","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"7433_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2022.12.006","volume":"65","author":"A Ridley","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ridley A, Vial-Cholley E, Robert G, Jounis-Jahan F, Lervat C, Betremieux P, Viallard M-L, Frache S, Cojean N (2022) Nationwide study of continuous deep sedation practices among pediatric palliative care teams. J Pain Symptom Manage 65(4):308\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2022.12.006","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"issue":"14","key":"7433_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0034","volume":"120","author":"C Klein","year":"2023","unstructured":"Klein C, Voss R, Ostgathe C, Schildmann JA (2023) Sedation in palliative care\u2014a clinically oriented overview of guidelines and treatment recommendations. Dtsch Arztebl Int 120(14):235\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0034","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"7433_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2014.01.012","volume":"48","author":"A Korzeniewska-Eksterowicz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Korzeniewska-Eksterowicz A, Przys\u0142o \u0141, Fendler W, Stolarska M, M\u0142ynarski W (2014) Palliative sedation at home for terminally ill children with cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage 48(5):968\u2013974. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2014.01.012","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"issue":"4","key":"7433_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2014.08.013","volume":"49","author":"EK Schildmann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schildmann EK, Schildmann J, Kiesewetter I (2015) Medication and monitoring in palliative sedation therapy: a systematic review and quality assessment of published guidelines. J Pain Symptom Manage 49(4):734\u2013746. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2014.08.013","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"issue":"21","key":"7433_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15615","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000015615","volume":"98","author":"E Miele","year":"2019","unstructured":"Miele E, Mastronuzzi A, Cefalo MG, Del Bufalo F, De Pasquale MD, Serra A (2019) Propofol-based palliative sedation in terminally ill children with solid tumors. Medicine. 98(21):e15615. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/md.0000000000015615","journal-title":"Medicine."},{"issue":"10","key":"7433_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2011.0500","volume":"15","author":"DL Anghelescu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Anghelescu DL, Hamilton H, Faughnan LG, Johnson LM, Baker JN (2012) Pediatric palliative sedation therapy with Propofol: recommendations based on experience in children with terminal cancer. J Palliat Med 15(10):1082\u20131090. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jpm.2011.0500","journal-title":"J Palliat Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"7433_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children9121887","volume":"9","author":"A Cuviello","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cuviello A, Johnson LM, Morgan KJ, Anghelescu DL, Baker JN (2022) Palliative sedation therapy in pediatrics: an algorithm and clinical practice update. Children (Basel) 9(12):1887. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/children9121887","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"issue":"5","key":"7433_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm200002033420506","volume":"342","author":"J Wolfe","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wolfe J, Grier HE, Klar N, Levin SB, Ellenbogen JM, Salem-Schatz S (2000) Symptoms and suffering at the end of life in children with cancer. N Engl J Med 342(5):326\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/nejm200002033420506","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"7433_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mop.0000193266.86129.47","volume":"18","author":"JW Mack","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mack JW, Wolfe J (2006) Early integration of pediatric palliative care: for some children, palliative care starts at diagnosis. Current Opinion in Pediatrics. 18(1):10\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.mop.0000193266.86129.47","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Pediatrics."},{"issue":"3","key":"7433_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2022.12.008","volume":"65","author":"A Lazzara","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lazzara A, Boss RD (2022) Observation of child experience during discontinuing of medically provided nutrition and hydration. J Pain Symptom Manage 65(3):155\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2022.12.008","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"issue":"2","key":"7433_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-1299","volume":"124","author":"DS Diekema","year":"2009","unstructured":"Diekema DS, Botkin JR (2009) Forgoing medically provided nutrition and hydration in children. Pediatrics 124(2):813\u2013822. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2009-1299","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"8","key":"7433_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2015.29000.rbvl","volume":"18","author":"RB Van Loenhout","year":"2015","unstructured":"Van Loenhout RB, Van Der Geest IMM, Vrakking AM, Van Der Heide A, Pieters R, Van Den Heuvel-Eibrink MM (2015) End-of-life decisions in pediatric cancer patients. J Palliat Med 18(8):697\u2013702. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jpm.2015.29000.rbvl","journal-title":"J Palliat Med"},{"key":"7433_CR28","unstructured":"Euthanasia legislation in the EU | Think Tank | European Parliament [Internet]. Available from: https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/thinktank\/en\/document\/EPRS_BRI(2025)775914.\u00a0Accessed 15 Mar 2026"},{"issue":"1","key":"7433_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2110-5820-4-23","volume":"4","author":"C Daubin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Daubin C, Haddad L, Folscheid D, Boyer A, Chalumeau-Lemoine L, Guisset O (2014) Ethical reflections on end-of-life signs and symptoms in the intensive care setting: a place for neuromuscular blockers? Ann Intensive Care 4(1):23. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/2110-5820-4-23","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"7433_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1136\/jme.28.3.164","volume":"28","author":"RM Perkin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Perkin RM, Resnik DB (2002) The agony of agonal respiration: is the last gasp necessary? J Med Ethics 28(3):164\u2013169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jme.28.3.164","journal-title":"J Med Ethics"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00431-026-07433-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00431-026-07433-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00431-026-07433-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:37:29Z","timestamp":1791920249000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00431-026-07433-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["7433"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-026-07433-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1076"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1076","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 August 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 September 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 October 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of University of Ghent (registration number: B6702023000518). Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"790"}}