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Our study aimed to reveal the prognostic factors in patients with SEE and the roles of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), Ki-67, and neural cell adhesion molecule L1 (L1CAM) in predicting these patients\u2019 outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We retrospectively studied the clinical features and prognostic factors in 48 patients with SEE admitted to our center from April 2008 to October 2018. Tissue slides were constructed from patient samples, and PD-L1, PD-1, Ki-67, and L1CAM expression levels were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Patients with gross total resection (GTR) had better progression-free survival than patients with subtotal resection (STR). Moreover, the recurrence hazard ratios in patients with STR at 3, 5, and 10\u00a0years were 8.746, 6.866 and 3.962 times those of patients with GTR, respectively. PD-L1 positivity predicted worse progression-free survival, while the recurrence hazard ratios for patients with PD-L1 positivity at 3, 5, and 10\u00a0years were 10.445, 5.539, and 3.949 times those of patients with PD-L1 negativity, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that PD-L1 expression and GTR could independently predict outcomes in patients with SEE.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>PD-L1 expression was an independent and more readily obtained predictor of outcomes, representing a simple and reliable biological prognostic factor for patients with SEE. Further studies are needed to explore PD-L1 inhibitor treatment for patients with ependymoma.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Clinical trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>No clinical trials were performed in the study.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-020-03425-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,2]],"date-time":"2021-01-02T10:03:09Z","timestamp":1609581789000},"page":"1259-1270","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The role of clinical factors and immunocheckpoint molecules in the prognosis of patients with supratentorial extraventricular ependymoma: a single-center retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"147","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0698-7582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liguo","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7538-5185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Song","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2065-264X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changxiang","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yakun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8045-2538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zuocheng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"3425_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.05.192","volume":"118","author":"J Byun","year":"2018","unstructured":"Byun J, Kim JH, Kim YH, Cho YH, Hong SH, Kim CJ (2018) Supratentorial extraventricular ependymoma: retrospective analysis of 15 patients at a single institution. 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This study was reviewed and deemed exempt by our ethical review board. The BioBank protocols are in accordance with the ethical standards of our institution and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"All information is anonymized, and the submission does not include images that may identify the enrolled patients in this study. The manuscript has been approved by all authors for publication.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}