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(II) To determine the importance of performing routine secondary resection (re-TUR) in the setting of BCG maintenance protocol for the three strains.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>NMIBCs who received an adjuvant induction followed by a maintenance schedule of intravesical immunotherapy with BCG Connaught, TICE and RIVM. Only BCG-na\u00efve and those treated with the same strain over the course of follow-up were included. Cox proportional hazards model was developed according to prognostic factors by the Spanish Urological Oncology Group (CUETO) as well as by adjusting for the implementation of re-TUR.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>n\u2009=\u2009<\/jats:italic>422 Ta-T1 patients (Connaught, <jats:italic>n\u2009=\u2009<\/jats:italic>146; TICE, <jats:italic>n\u2009=\u2009<\/jats:italic>112 and RIVM, <jats:italic>n\u2009=\u2009<\/jats:italic>164) with a median (IQR) follow-up of 72 (60\u201385) were reviewed. Re-TUR was associated with improved recurrence and progression outcomes (HR<jats:sub>RFS<\/jats:sub>: 0.63; 95% CI 0.46\u20130.86; HR<jats:sub>PFS<\/jats:sub>: 0.55; 95% CI 0.31\u20130.86). Adjusting for CUETO risk factors and re-TUR, BGC TICE and RIVM provided longer RFS compared to Connaught (HR<jats:sub>TICE<\/jats:sub>: 0.58, 95% CI 0.39\u20130.86; HR<jats:sub>RIVM<\/jats:sub>: 0.61, 95% CI 0.42\u20130.87) while no differences were identified between strains for PFS and CSS. Sub-analysis of only re-TUR cases (<jats:italic>n\u2009=\u2009<\/jats:italic>190, 45%) showed TICE the sole to achieve longer RFS compared to both Connaught and RIVM.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Re-TUR was confirmed to ensure longer RFS and PFS in intermediate-\/high-risk NMIBCs but did not influence the relative single BCG strain efficacy. When routinely performing re-TUR followed by a maintenance BCG schedule, TICE was superior to the other strains for RFS outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-021-03571-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,6]],"date-time":"2021-03-06T16:02:45Z","timestamp":1615046565000},"page":"3073-3080","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Efficacy of three BCG strains (Connaught, TICE and RIVM) with or without secondary resection (re-TUR) for intermediate\/high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancers: results from a retrospective single-institution cohort analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"147","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3865-5988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Del Giudice","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gian Maria","family":"Busetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin S.","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Maggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Sciarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Salciccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Ferro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Sperduti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Flammia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vittorio","family":"Canale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin I.","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon L.","family":"Conti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael L.","family":"Eisenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eila C.","family":"Skinner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ettore","family":"De Berardinis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"3571_CR1","unstructured":"Babjuk M, Burger M, Comp\u00e9rat E, Gontero P, Mostafid AH, Palou J et al. 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