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We investigate the correlations between VM, presenting symptoms, mortality, and the area density of periodic acid-Schiff positive histological patterns (PAS density).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty-nine patients that underwent enucleation for uveal melanoma between 2000 and 2007 were included. Clinicopathological parameters presenting symptoms and outcomes were collected. Histological tumor sections were evaluated for VM and PAS density was quantified with digital image analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty-four patients (49%) presented with blurred vision. 18 (26%) with a shadow in the visual field, 7 (10%) with photopsia and\/or floaters, and 2 (3%) with metamorphopsia. Nine patients (13%) had no symptoms at all. Median follow-up was 16.7\u00a0years (SD 2.6). A shadow in the visual field, but no other symptom, was positively correlated with the presence of VM (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03c6<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.70,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and greater PAS density (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). In multivariate regression, retinal detachment (RD), presence of VM, and PAS density\u2009\u2265\u2009median were independent predictors of a shadow, but not tumor distance to the macula, tumor apical thickness, tumor diameter, or ciliary body engagement. The presence of VM was associated with significantly shorter cumulative disease-specific survival (Wilcoxon\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04), but not PAS density\u2009\u2265\u2009median, presenting symptoms or RD (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.28).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tumors from uveal melanoma patients that report a visual field shadow are likely to display VM and greater PAS density, likely explaining the previously reported association between this symptom and poor prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-021-03851-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,13]],"date-time":"2021-11-13T12:02:32Z","timestamp":1636804952000},"page":"587-597","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Vasculogenic mimicry correlates to presenting symptoms and mortality in uveal melanoma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"Shiva","family":"Sabazade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viktor","family":"Gill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Herrspiegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9401-8911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gustav","family":"St\u00e5lhammar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"3851_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"0","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2013.1772.x","volume":"91","author":"L Asnaghi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Asnaghi L, Lin MH, Lim KS, Lim KJ, Bar EE, Eberhart CG (2013) Targeting the hypoxia pathway in uveal melanoma cells. 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Informed consent was waived as this is a retrospective chart review that did not affect the treatment or follow-up of patients and did not require new collection of sensitive data. Furthermore, no new tissues were collected, sectioned, stained, or otherwise processed.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}