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The aim of this study was to evaluate circulating miR-146a as an early prognostic marker of <jats:sup>90<\/jats:sup>Y-radioembolization (<jats:sup>90<\/jats:sup>Y-RE) in metastatic liver cancer and to assess the correlation between circulating miR-146a and TIME cellular composition in distant, yet untreated metastases.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Twenty-one patients with bilobar liver lesions from gastro-intestinal cancer underwent lobar <jats:sup>90<\/jats:sup>Y-RE. Biopsy of contralateral lobe abscopal tumors was acquired at the onset of a second treatment session at a median of 21\u00a0days after initial RE, immediately prior to ablation therapy of the contralateral lobe tumor. miR-146a was measured by RT-qPCR in plasma collected 24\u00a0h before (T1) and 48\u00a0h after (T2) initial unilobar <jats:sup>90<\/jats:sup>Y-RE. The level of miR-146a was correlated with the infiltration of CD4\u2009+\u2009, CD8\u2009+\u2009, FoxP3 T cells, CD163\u2009+\u2009M2 macrophages and immune-exhausted T cells in the abscopal tumor tissue acquired before the second treatment session.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Plasma samples collected at T2 showed a higher concentration of miR-146a with respect to T1 in 43% of the patients (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002). In these patients, tumors revealed a pro-tumorigenic immune composition with enrichment of Tim3\u2009+\u2009immune exhausted cells (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.021), in combination with a higher infiltration of CD163\u2009+\u2009M2 macrophages and a lower infiltration of CD8\u2009+\u2009T cells. Patients with a higher level of miR-146a after <jats:sup>90<\/jats:sup>Y-RE showed a trend to shorter OS (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.055).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>miR-146a may represent a novel prognostic biomarker for <jats:sup>90<\/jats:sup>Y-radioembolization in metastatic liver cancer.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-023-05185-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T13:01:50Z","timestamp":1689771710000},"page":"13017-13026","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Post-therapeutic microRNA-146a in liquid biopsies may determine prognosis in metastatic gastrointestinal cancer patients receiving 90Y-radioembolization"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"149","author":[{"given":"Heidrun","family":"Hirner-Eppeneder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elif","family":"\u00d6cal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Stechele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osman","family":"\u00d6cal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sijing","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie A.","family":"Kimm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moritz","family":"Wildgruber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Salvermoser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Kazmierczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Corradini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Rudelius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Piontek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maciej","family":"Pech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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