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SSc treatment is still challenging, and evidence is scarce. In the last decades high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (HD-ASCT) has proven to be effective. However, treatment related morbidity and mortality (TRM) are high. We conducted a retrospective, single-center analysis of SSc patients following HD-ASCT focusing on TRM and risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>32 patients who underwent HD-ASCT at our hospital between June 2000 and September 2020 were included. Clinical characteristics were evaluated based on chart review before and after HD-ASCT. Analyses focused on overall survival (OS), TRM, and response to HD-ASCT.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Median OS was 81\u00a0months (range 0\u2013243). Within one year, 20 of 32 (76.9%) patients responded to HD-ASCT. Overall, 6 patients (18.8%) died in the context of HD-ASCT. Patients with subjective response to HD-ASCT (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.024) and those with shorter time to platelet engraftment (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.047) had significantly longer OS. Impaired renal function, age at HD-ASCT\u2009\u2265\u200955, disease duration\u2009&lt;\u200912\u00a0months, high Hematopoietic cell transplantation-specific comorbidity index (HCT-CI) and Charlton Comorbidity Index (CCI) scores were associated with higher TRM. Patients receiving conditioning chemotherapy with thiotepa needed longer time for neutrophil (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.035) and platelet engraftment (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.021).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study confirms the efficacy of HD-ASCT for patients with SSc in a single center real-world setting. High TRM is still a challenge. However, TRM could be reduced by exclusion of high-risk patients and attention to prognostic parameters and scores as suggested in this study.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-024-05815-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,8]],"date-time":"2024-06-08T10:01:23Z","timestamp":1717840883000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["High-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for progressive systemic sclerosis: a retrospective study of outcome and prognostic factors"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Pyka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak B.","family":"Vangala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Mika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Kreuter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Susok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xenofon","family":"Baraliakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannes","family":"Treiber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Schroers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Verena","family":"Nilius-Eliliwi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"5815_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963689722108038","DOI":"10.1177\/09636897221080385","volume":"31","author":"D Barth","year":"2022","unstructured":"Barth D, Singleton M, Monohan G, McClune B, Adams V (2022) Age Adjusted Comorbidity Risk Index Does Not Predict Outcomes in an Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Population. 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