{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T15:36:47Z","timestamp":1774453007216,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education","award":["YCSW2024253"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YCSW2024253"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012543","name":"Youth Science Foundation of Guangxi Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GXMUYSF202239 to MM"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GXMUYSF202239 to MM"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-026-06448-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T14:34:06Z","timestamp":1774449246000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["GALNT1 emerges as a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"152","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7284-1223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiafu","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3560-5878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pei","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4731-0088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xizhuang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2773-6635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rongzhi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1906-0568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zexu","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1499-0175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiehua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6069-3443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"6448_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bennett EP, Mandel U, Clausen H, Gerken TA, Fritz TA, Tabak LA (2012) Control of mucin-type O-glycosylation: a classification of the polypeptide GalNAc-transferase gene family. Glycobiology 22:736\u2013756. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/glycob\/cwr182","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwr182"},{"key":"6448_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Brogna MR, Varone V, DelSesto M, Ferrara G (2025) The role of CAFs in therapeutic resistance in triple negative breast cancer: an emerging challenge. Front Mol Biosci 12(1568865). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmolb.2025.1568865","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2025.1568865"},{"key":"6448_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2002","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-021-01663-2","volume":"40","author":"R Butti","year":"2021","unstructured":"Butti R, Nimma R, Kundu G, Bulbule A, Kumar TVS, Gunasekaran VP et al (2021) Tumor-derived osteopontin drives the resident fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation through Twist1 to promote breast cancer progression. Oncogene 40:2002\u20132017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41388-021-01663-2","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"6448_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen D, Frezza M, Schmitt S, Kanwar J, Dou QP (2011) Bortezomib as the first proteasome inhibitor anticancer drug: current status and future perspectives. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 11:239\u2013253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/156800911794519752","DOI":"10.2174\/156800911794519752"},{"key":"6448_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2290","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-019-1146-2","volume":"39","author":"R Fang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fang R, Xu F, Shi H, Wu Y, Cao C, Li H et al (2020) LAMTOR5 raises abnormal initiation of O-glycosylation in breast cancer metastasis via modulating GALNT1 activity. Oncogene 39:2290\u20132304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41388-019-1146-2","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"6448_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.2174\/1568009617666170623113520","volume":"18","author":"L Farahmand","year":"2018","unstructured":"Farahmand L, Merikhian P, Jalili N, Darvishi B, Majidzadeh AK (2018) Significant role of MUC1 in development of resistance to currently existing anti-cancer rherapeutic agents. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 18:737\u2013748. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1568009617666170623113520","journal-title":"Curr Cancer Drug Targets"},{"key":"6448_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwab123","volume":"32","author":"MF Festari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Festari MF, da Costa V, Rodr\u00edguez-Zraquia SA, Costa M, Landeira M, Lores P et al (2022) The tumor-associated Tn antigen fosters lung metastasis and recruitment of regulatory T cells in triple negative breast cancer. Glycobiology 32:366\u2013379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/glycob\/cwab123","journal-title":"Glycobiology"},{"key":"6448_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2025.111934","volume":"134","author":"Y Guo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Guo Y, Xing R, Li Q, Zhou W, Qi X, Li S (2025) GALNT4 promotes the stemness of non-small cell lung cancer through O-glycosylation of MUC5AC via ITGB4\/PI3K\/AKT signaling pathway. Cell Signal 134:111934. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cellsig.2025.111934","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"6448_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2022.02.072","volume":"601","author":"T Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang T, Meng F, Huang H, Wang L, Wang L, Liu Y et al (2022) GALNT8 suppresses breast cancer cell metastasis potential by regulating EGFR O-GalNAcylation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 601:16\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2022.02.072","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"6448_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Huanna T, Tao Z, Xiangfei W, Longfei A, Yuanyuan X, Jianhua W et al (2015) GALNT14 mediates tumor invasion and migration in breast cancer cell MCF-7. Molecular Carcinogenesis 54:1159\u20131171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mc.22186","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.22186"},{"key":"6448_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kim MY (2017) Role of GALNT14 in lung metastasis of breast cancer. BMB Rep 50:233\u2013234. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5483\/bmbrep.2017.50.5.055","DOI":"10.5483\/bmbrep.2017.50.5.055"},{"key":"6448_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwu089","volume":"25","author":"Y Kong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kong Y, Joshi HJ, Schjoldager KT, Madsen TD, Gerken TA, Vester-Christensen MB et al (2015) Probing polypeptide GalNAc-transferase isoform substrate specificities by in vitro analysis. Glycobiology 25:55\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/glycob\/cwu089","journal-title":"Glycobiology"},{"key":"6448_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lin J, Chung S, Ueda K, Matsuda K, Nakamura Y, Park JH (2017) GALNT6 stabilizes GRP78 protein by O-glycosylation and enhances its activity to suppress apoptosis under stress condition. Neoplasia 19:43\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neo.2016.11.007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2016.11.007"},{"key":"6448_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24264","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.455006","volume":"288","author":"Y Matsumoto","year":"2013","unstructured":"Matsumoto Y, Zhang Q, Akita K, Nakada H, Hamamura K, Tsuchida A et al (2013) Trimeric Tn antigen on syndecan 1 produced by ppGalNAc-T13 enhances cancer metastasis via a complex formation with integrin \u03b15\u03b21 and matrix metalloproteinase 9. J Biol Chem 288:24264\u201324276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M113.455006","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"6448_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.035436","volume":"285","author":"HE Miwa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Miwa HE, Gerken TA, Jamison O, Tabak LA (2010) Isoform-specific O-glycosylation of osteopontin and bone sialoprotein by polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-1. J Biol Chem 285:1208\u20131219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M109.035436","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"45","key":"6448_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s11658-022-00351-7","volume":"27","author":"A Muchli\u0144ska","year":"2022","unstructured":"Muchli\u0144ska A, Nagel A, Pop\u0119da M, Szade J, Niemira M, Zieli\u0144ski J et al (2022) Alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive cancer-associated fibroblasts secreting osteopontin promote growth of luminal breast cancer. Cell Mol Biol Lett 27:45. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s11658-022-00351-7","journal-title":"Cell Mol Biol Lett"},{"key":"6448_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nallasamy P, Nimmakayala RK, Karmakar S, Leon F, Seshacharyulu P, Lakshmanan I et al (2021) Pancreatic tumor microenvironment factor promotes cancer stemness via SPP1-CD44 axis. Gastroenterology 161:1998\u20132013.e1997. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.08.023","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.08.023"},{"key":"6448_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.RA118.001121","volume":"18","author":"Y Narimatsu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Narimatsu Y, Joshi HJ, Schjoldager KT, Hintze J, Halim A, Steentoft C et al (2019) Exploring regulation of protein O-glycosylation in isogenic human HEK293 cells by differential O-glycoproteomics. Mol Cell Proteomics: MCP 18:1396\u20131409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/mcp.RA118.001121","journal-title":"Mol Cell proteomics: MCP"},{"key":"6448_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2017.10.001","volume":"32","author":"AT Nguyen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nguyen AT, Chia J, Ros M, Hui KM, Saltel F, Bard F (2017) Organelle specific O-glycosylation drives MMP14 activation, tumor growth, and metastasis. Cancer Cell 32:639\u2013653e636. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccell.2017.10.001","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"6448_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.01.040","volume":"186","author":"E Nolan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nolan E, Lindeman GJ, Visvader JE (2023) Deciphering breast cancer: from biology to the clinic. Cell 186:1708\u20131728. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2023.01.040","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"6448_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-014-1183-9","volume":"92","author":"D Ota","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ota D, Kanayama M, Matsui Y, Ito K, Maeda N, Kutomi G et al (2014) Tumor-\u03b19\u03b21 integrin-mediated signaling induces breast cancer growth and lymphatic metastasis via the recruitment of cancer-associated fibroblasts. J Mol Med 92:1271\u20131281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00109-014-1183-9","journal-title":"J Mol Med"},{"key":"6448_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.24805","volume":"116","author":"V Pedraza","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pedraza V, Gomez-Capilla JA, Escaramis G, Gomez C, Torn\u00e9 P, Rivera JM et al (2010) Gene expression signatures in breast cancer distinguish phenotype characteristics, histologic subtypes, and tumor invasiveness. Cancer 116:486\u2013496. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.24805","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"6448_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Periyasamy-Thandavan S, Jackson WH, Samaddar JS, Erickson B, Barrett JR, Raney L et al (2010) Bortezomib blocks the catabolic process of autophagy via a cathepsin-dependent mechanism, affects endoplasmic reticulum stress and induces caspase-dependent cell death in antiestrogen-sensitive and resistant ER+ breast cancer cells. Autophagy 6:19\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4161\/auto.6.1.10323","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.6.1.10323"},{"key":"6448_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3724","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2017.6449","volume":"15","author":"H Qiu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Qiu H, Xu X, Liu M, Wang Z, Yuan Y, Liu C et al (2017) RNA interference-mediated silencing of ppGalNAc-T1 and ppGalNAc-T2 inhibits invasion and increases chemosensitivity potentially by reducing terminal \u03b12,3 sialylation and MMP14 expression in triple\u2013negative breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 15:3724\u20133734. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/mmr.2017.6449","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"6448_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Raghu D, Mobley RJ, Shendy NAM, Perry CH, Abell AN (2019) GALNT3 maintains the epithelial state in trophoblast stem cells. Cell Rep 26:3684\u20133697.e3687. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.02.093","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.02.093"},{"key":"6448_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.2c00723","volume":"56","author":"I Sanz-Martinez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sanz-Martinez I, Pereira S, Merino P, Corzana F, Hurtado-Guerrero R (2023) Molecular recognition of GalNAc in mucin-type O-glycosylation. Acc Chem Res 56:548\u2013560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.accounts.2c00723","journal-title":"Acc Chem Res"},{"key":"6448_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3320","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.16296","volume":"115","author":"L Sun","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sun L, Li Z, Shu P, Lu M (2024) N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase GALNT6 is a potential therapeutic target of clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression. Cancer Sci 115:3320\u20133332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cas.16296","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"key":"6448_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwaa075","volume":"31","author":"V Tajadura-Ortega","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tajadura-Ortega V, Gambardella G, Skinner A, Halim A, Van Coillie J, Schjoldager KTG et al (2021) O-linked mucin-type glycosylation regulates the transcriptional programme downstream of EGFR. Glycobiology 31:200\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/glycob\/cwaa075","journal-title":"Glycobiology"},{"key":"6448_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhang F, Zhang Y, Wen Y et al (2025) Integrated analysis of multiple programmed cell death-related prognostic genes and functional validation of apoptosis-related genes in osteosarcoma. Int J Biol Macromol 307:142113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.142113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.142113"},{"key":"6448_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms1874","volume":"3","author":"E Tian","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tian E, Hoffman MP, Ten Hagen KG (2012) O-glycosylation modulates integrin and FGF signalling by influencing the secretion of basement membrane components. Nat Commun 3:869. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncomms1874","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"10","key":"6448_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3390","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10050696","volume":"10","author":"D Tibullo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tibullo D, Giallongo C, Romano A, Vicario N, Barbato A, Puglisi F et al (2020) Mitochondrial functions, energy metabolism and protein glycosylation are interconnected processes mediating resistance to bortezomib in multiple myeloma cells. Biomolecules https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom10050696","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"6448_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4821","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2014.410","volume":"34","author":"CE Weber","year":"2015","unstructured":"Weber CE, Kothari AN, Wai PY, Li NY, Driver J, Zapf MA et al (2015) Osteopontin mediates an MZF1-TGF-\u03b21-dependent transformation of mesenchymal stem cells into cancer-associated fibroblasts in breast cancer. Oncogene 34:4821\u20134833. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/onc.2014.410","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"6448_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-021-06431-0","volume":"191","author":"BE Wilson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wilson BE, Gorrini C, Cescon DW (2022) Breast cancer immune microenvironment: from pre-clinical models to clinical therapies. Breast Cancer Res Treat 191:257\u2013267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10549-021-06431-0","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"6448_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wu YM, Liu CH, Hu RH, Huang MJ, Lee JJ, Chen CH et al (2011) Mucin glycosylating enzyme GALNT2 regulates the malignant character of hepatocellular carcinoma by modifying the EGF receptor. Cancer Res 71:7270\u20137279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.Can-11-1161","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.Can-11-1161"},{"key":"6448_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-021-00911-1","volume":"53","author":"SZ Wu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wu SZ, Al-Eryani G, Roden DL, Junankar S, Harvey K, Andersson A et al (2021) A single-cell and spatially resolved atlas of human breast cancers. Nat Genet 53:1334\u20131347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41588-021-00911-1","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"6448_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang J, ten Dijke P, Wuhrer M, Zhang T (2020) Role of glycosylation in TGF-\u03b2 signaling and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer. Protein Cell 12:89\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13238-020-00741-7%","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-020-00741-7%"},{"key":"6448_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang J, Wang H, Wu J, Yuan C, Chen S, Liu S et al (2022) galnt1 enhances malignant phenotype of gastric cancer via modulating CD44 glycosylation to activate the Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway. Int J Biol Sci 18:6068\u20136083. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/ijbs.7343110.7150\/ijbs.73431","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.73431"},{"key":"6448_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang P, Chen S, Cai J, Song L, Quan B, Wan J et al (2024) GALNT6 drives lenvatinib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma through autophagy and cancer-associated fibroblast activation. Cellular Oncology 47:2439\u20132460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13402-024-01032-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s13402-024-01032-7"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00432-026-06448-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00432-026-06448-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00432-026-06448-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T14:34:08Z","timestamp":1774449248000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00432-026-06448-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["6448"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00432-026-06448-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1335"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1335","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University (Approval No. 2025-E0715).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not available.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}}],"article-number":"74"}}