{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:06:56Z","timestamp":1786115216294,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780358400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":65,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001785","name":"Flinders University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001785","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment failure results in high mortality. The current CRC treatment response monitoring blood biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) lacks specificity. Methylated\n                      <jats:italic>BCAT1\/IKZF1<\/jats:italic>\n                      circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) indicates CRC, but its utility during therapy is uncertain. This study examined whether during-treatment measurement of\n                      <jats:italic>BCAT1\/IKZF1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ctDNA reflects CRC treatment efficacy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Plasma was collected from CRC patients before and during chemotherapy, targeted therapy and\/or radiotherapy. Cell-free DNA was extracted, bisulphite-converted and assayed via multiplex qPCR for\n                      <jats:italic>BCAT1\/IKZF1<\/jats:italic>\n                      methylation (%pg\/\n                      <jats:italic>ACTB<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). Patients with detectable ctDNA pre-treatment were included. CEA was measured via chemiluminescent immunoassay. Radiological treatment response assessments were performed\u2009\u00b1\u20093\u00a0months of blood collection or\u2009&lt;\u20098\u00a0months post-treatment. Biomarker levels were compared using Mann\u2013Whitney U and Kruskal\u2013Wallis tests.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      56 samples from 29 patients (64.3% male, median age 55\u00a0years) were analysed. Patients with residual cancer had higher ctDNA levels (median 0.036%, IQR 0\u20131.17%) than cancer-free patients (0%, IQR 0\u20130.005%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). There were no significant differences for CEA. When normalised to pre-treatment measurements, treatment-responders demonstrated a median 100% ctDNA reduction from baseline (IQR\u2009\u2212\u2009100% to\u2009\u2212\u20097.53%), which was greater than non-responders (0.13% reduction, IQR\u2009\u2212\u200938.1% to\u2009+\u20090.03%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Responders also demonstrated greater CEA reduction (median\u2009\u2212\u20091.50\u00a0ng\/mL, IQR\u2009\u2212\u20096.28 to 0.18\u00a0ng\/mL) compared to non-responders (median 2.3\u00a0ng\/mL, IQR\u2009\u2212\u20090.50 to 17.7\u00a0ng\/mL;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Methylated\n                      <jats:italic>BCAT1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:italic>IKZF1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ctDNA reflects treatment response, offering a tool for personalised treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-026-06512-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T14:39:09Z","timestamp":1780411149000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Investigation of a methylated BCAT1 and IKZF1 circulating tumour DNA blood test for monitoring treatment response in patients with colorectal cancer"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"152","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4082-9352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafha","family":"Rafeeu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2451-0358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin L.","family":"Symonds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5954-7105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael Z.","family":"Michael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5484-3052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathryn","family":"Cornthwaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5518-1959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susanne K.","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2445-0850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renee J.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9458-8383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Graeme P.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2041-8602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean M.","family":"Winter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"27","key":"6512_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18793","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.554113","volume":"289","author":"EA Ananieva","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ananieva EA, Patel CH, Drake CH, Powell JD, Hutson SM (2014) Cytosolic branched chain aminotransferase (BCATc) regulates mTORC1 signaling and glycolytic metabolism in CD4+ T cells. 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