{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T04:12:09Z","timestamp":1790741529547,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitol Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-009-1588-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,25]],"date-time":"2009-09-25T13:48:20Z","timestamp":1253886500000},"page":"1531-1538","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Criteria for the differentiation between young and old Onchocerca volvulus filariae"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Sabine","family":"Specht","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Brattig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelle","family":"B\u00fcttner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dietrich W.","family":"B\u00fcttner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"1588_CR1","first-page":"17","volume":"36","author":"EJ Albiez","year":"1985","unstructured":"Albiez EJ (1985) Effects of a single complete nodulectomy on nodule burden and microfilarial density two years later. Trop Med Parasitol 36:17\u201320","journal-title":"Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"1588_CR2","first-page":"163","volume":"35","author":"EJ Albiez","year":"1984","unstructured":"Albiez EJ, B\u00fcttner DW, Schulz-Key H (1984) Studies on nodules and adult Onchocerca volvulus during a nodulectomy trial in hyperendemic villages in Liberia and Upper Volta. II. Comparison of the macrofilaria population in adult nodule carriers. Trop Med Parasitol 35:163\u2013166","journal-title":"Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"1588_CR3","first-page":"348","volume":"38","author":"EJ Albiez","year":"1987","unstructured":"Albiez EJ, Kaiser S, B\u00fcttner DW (1987) The worm burden of Onchocerca volvulus in patients in Burkina Faso twelve years after interruption of the transmission. Trop Med Parasitol 38:348, abstract only","journal-title":"Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"1588_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2008153510","volume":"15","author":"M Boussinesq","year":"2008","unstructured":"Boussinesq M (2008) Onchocerciasis control: biological research is still needed. Parasite 15:510\u2013514","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"1588_CR5","unstructured":"B\u00fcttner DW, Weiss U (1984) The macrofilaria burden of children with onchocerciasis in West Africa. In: Proceedings of the International Congress of Infectious Diseases, Wien, 1983, Edizioni Luigi Pozzi, Rome, pp 153\u2013156"},{"key":"1588_CR6","first-page":"669","volume":"76","author":"DW B\u00fcttner","year":"1983","unstructured":"B\u00fcttner DW, Albiez E, Parow D (1983) Parasitological studies on Onchocerca volvulus eight years after interruption of the transmission in Upper Volta. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 76:669\u2013675","journal-title":"Bull Soc Pathol Exot"},{"key":"1588_CR7","first-page":"390","volume":"39","author":"DW B\u00fcttner","year":"1988","unstructured":"B\u00fcttner DW, Albiez EJ, von Essen J, Erichsen J (1988) Histological examination of adult Onchocerca volvulus and comparison with the collagenase technique. Trop Med Parasitol 39:390\u2013417","journal-title":"Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"1588_CR8","first-page":"49","volume":"59","author":"DW B\u00fcttner","year":"1990","unstructured":"B\u00fcttner DW, Awadzi K, Opoku NO (1990) Histological studies of onchocercomata from an area with interrupted transmission in Ghana. Acta Leiden 59:49\u201350","journal-title":"Acta Leiden"},{"key":"1588_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1991.11812536","volume":"85","author":"BOL Duke","year":"1991","unstructured":"Duke BOL (1991) Observations and reflections on the immature stages of Onchocerca volvulus in the human host. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 85:103\u2013110","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"1588_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182004006766","volume":"130","author":"BOL Duke","year":"2005","unstructured":"Duke BOL (2005) Evidence for macrofilaricidal activity of ivermectin against female Onchocerca volvulus: further analysis of a clinical trial in the Republic of Cameroon indicating two distinct killing mechanisms. Parasitology 130:447\u2013453","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"1588_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182002002305","volume":"125","author":"BOL Duke","year":"2002","unstructured":"Duke BOL, Marty AM, Peet DL, Pardon J, Pion SDS, Kamgno J, Boussinesq M (2002) Neoplastic change in Onchocerca volvulus and its relation to ivermectin treatment. Parasitology 125:431\u2013444","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"1588_CR12","first-page":"311","volume":"44","author":"P Fischer","year":"1993","unstructured":"Fischer P, Kipp W, Bamuhiga J, Binta-Kahwa J, Kiefer A, B\u00fcttner DW (1993) Parasitological and clinical characterization of Simulium neavei-transmitted onchocerciasis in western Uganda. Trop Med Parasitol 44:311\u2013321","journal-title":"Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"1588_CR13","first-page":"359","volume":"39","author":"M Franz","year":"1988","unstructured":"Franz M (1988) The morphology of adult Onchocerca volvulus based on electron microscopy. Trop Med Parasitol 39:359\u2013366","journal-title":"Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"1588_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2009.04.001","volume":"111","author":"R Garms","year":"2009","unstructured":"Garms R, Lakwo TL, Nyomugyenyi R, Kipp W, Rubaale T, Tukesiga E, Katamaywa J, Post RJ, Amazigo UV (2009) The elimination of the vector Simulium neavei from the Itwara onchocerciasis focus in Uganda by ground larviciding. Acta Trop 111:203\u2013210","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"1588_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(03)00026-1","volume":"5","author":"A Hoerauf","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hoerauf A, Mand S, Volkmann L, B\u00fcttner M, Marfo-Debrekyei Y, Taylor M, Adjei O, B\u00fcttner DW (2003) Doxycycline in the treatment of human onchocerciasis: kinetics of Wolbachia endobacteria reduction and of inhibition of embryogenesis in female Onchocerca worms. Microbes Infect 5:261\u2013273","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"1588_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-007-0062-1","volume":"197","author":"A Hoerauf","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hoerauf A, Specht S, B\u00fcttner M, Pfarr K, Mand S, Fimmers R, Marfo-Debrekyei Y, Konadu P, Debrah AY, Bandi C, Brattig N, Albers A, Larbi J, Batsa L, Taylor MJ, Adjei O, B\u00fcttner DW (2008) Wolbachia endobacteria depletion by doxycycline as antifilarial therapy has macrofilaricidal activity in onchocerciasis: a randomized placebo-controlled study. Med Microbiol Immunol 197:295\u2013311","journal-title":"Med Microbiol Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1588_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-008-1217-8","volume":"104","author":"A Hoerauf","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hoerauf A, Specht S, Marfo-Debrekyei Y, B\u00fcttner M, Debrah AY, Mand S, Batsa L, Brattig N, Konadu P, Bandi C, Fimmers R, Adjei O, B\u00fcttner DW (2009) Efficacy of 5-week doxycycline treatment on adult Onchocerca volvulus. Parasitol Res 104(2):437\u2013447","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"1588_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2004.06.006","volume":"107","author":"A Jolodar","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jolodar A, Fischer P, B\u00fcttner DW, Miller DJ, Schmetz C, Brattig N (2004) Onchocerca volvulus: expression and immunolocalization of a nematode cathepsin D-like lysosomal aspartic protease. Exp Parasitol 107:145\u2013156","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"1588_CR19","volume-title":"Manual of histologic staining methods of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology","year":"1968","unstructured":"Luna LG (ed) (1968) Manual of histologic staining methods of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 3rd edn. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York","edition":"3"},{"key":"1588_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2004.01283.x","volume":"9","author":"R Ndyomugyenyi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ndyomugyenyi R, Tukesiga E, B\u00fcttner DW, Garms R (2004) The impact of ivermectin treatment alone and when in parallel with Simulium neavei elimination on onchocerciasis in Uganda. Trop Med Inter Health 9:882\u2013886","journal-title":"Trop Med Inter Health"},{"key":"1588_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1017\/S003118200700409X","volume":"135","author":"KM Pfarr","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pfarr KM, Heider U, Schmetz C, B\u00fcttner DW, Hoerauf A (2008) The mitochondrial heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) is up-regulated in Onchocerca volvulus after the depletion of Wolbachia. Parasitology 135:529\u2013538","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"1588_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-706X(91)90015-C","volume":"48","author":"AP Plaisier","year":"1991","unstructured":"Plaisier AP, van Ootmarssen GJ, Remme J, Habbema JDF (1991) The reproductive lifespan of Onchocerca volvulus in West African savanna. Acta Tropica 48:271\u2013284","journal-title":"Acta Tropica"},{"key":"1588_CR23","first-page":"423","volume":"39","author":"H Schulz-Key","year":"1988","unstructured":"Schulz-Key H (1988) The collagenase technique: how to isolate and examine adult Onchocerca volvulus for the examination of drug effects. Trop Med Parasitol 39:423\u2013440","journal-title":"Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"1588_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Specht S, Hoerauf A, Adjei O, Debrah A, B\u00fcttner DW (2009) Newly acquired Onchocerca volvulus filariae after doxycycline treatment. Parasitol Res (in press). Sep 16","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-009-1624-5"},{"key":"1588_CR25","first-page":"1","volume":"752","author":"WHO","year":"1987","unstructured":"WHO (1987) WHO expert committee on onchocerciasis. 3rd report. Wld Hlth Org Tech Rep Ser 752:1\u2013167","journal-title":"Wld Hlth Org Tech Rep Ser"},{"key":"1588_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1006\/expr.1999.4352","volume":"91","author":"G Wildenburg","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wildenburg G, Henkle-D\u00fchrsen K (1999) Onchocerca volvulus: immunolocalization of the extracellular CuZn superoxide dismutase using antibodies raised against a 15-mer epitope of this enzyme. Exp Parasitol 91:1\u20136","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"1588_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s004360050081","volume":"82","author":"G Wildenburg","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wildenburg G, Kr\u00f6mer M, B\u00fcttner DW (1996) Dependence of eosinophil granulocytes infiltration into nodules on the presence of microfilariae producing Onchocerca volvulus. Parasitol Res 82:117\u2013124","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"1588_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182097002278","volume":"116","author":"G Wildenburg","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wildenburg G, Korten S, B\u00fcttner DW (1998) Mast cell distribution in nodules of Onchocerca volvulus from untreated patients with generalized onchocerciasis. Parasitology 116:257\u2013268","journal-title":"Parasitology"}],"container-title":["Parasitology Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00436-009-1588-5.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]],"date-time":"2019-05-22T17:15:23Z","timestamp":1558545323000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00436-009-1588-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,26]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]}},"alternative-id":["1588"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-009-1588-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0932-0113","1432-1955"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0932-0113","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1955","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,26]]}}}