{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T02:30:04Z","timestamp":1777429804571,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,7]],"date-time":"2010-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1281139200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitol Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-010-2014-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,6]],"date-time":"2010-08-06T07:56:48Z","timestamp":1281081408000},"page":"1429-1434","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Silymarin treatment reduces granuloma and hepatic fibrosis in experimental schistosomiasis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"H\u00edlton Antonio","family":"Mata-Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabiana Gon\u00e7alves","family":"Lino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolina Carneiro","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia Neto","family":"Paiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Morgana Teixeira Lima","family":"Castelo Branco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandre dos Santos","family":"Pyrrho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2014_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(00)00385-3","volume":"60","author":"R Agarwal","year":"2000","unstructured":"Agarwal R (2000) Cell signaling and regulators of cell cycle as molecular targets for prostate cancer prevention by dietary agents. Biochem Pharmacol 60:1051\u20131059","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"2014_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510260316","volume":"26","author":"G Boigk","year":"1997","unstructured":"Boigk G, Stroedter L, Herbst H, Waldschmidt J, Riecken EO, Schuppan D (1997) Silymarin retards collagen accumulation in early and advanced biliary fibrosis secondary to complete bile duct obliteration in rats. Hepatology 26:643\u2013649","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2014_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2009.01098.x","volume":"31","author":"ML Burke","year":"2009","unstructured":"Burke ML, Jones MK, Gobert GN, Li YS, Ellis MK, McManus DP (2009) Immunopathogenesis of human schistosomiasis. Parasite Immunol 31:163\u2013176","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol"},{"key":"2014_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1007\/s11418-008-0245-0","volume":"62","author":"KP Channabasavaraj","year":"2008","unstructured":"Channabasavaraj KP, Badami S, Bhojraj S (2008) Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Ficus glomerata. J Nat Med 62:379\u2013383","journal-title":"J Nat Med"},{"key":"2014_CR5","first-page":"328","volume":"39","author":"AW Cheever","year":"1968","unstructured":"Cheever AW (1968) Conditions affecting the accuracy of potassium hydroxide digestion techniques for counting Schistosoma mansoni eggs in tissues. Bull World Health Organ 39:328\u2013331","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"2014_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1987.37.85","volume":"37","author":"AW Cheever","year":"1987","unstructured":"Cheever AW, Duvall RH, Hallack TA Jr, Minker RG, Malley JD, Malley KG (1987) Variation of hepatic fibrosis and granuloma size among mouse strains infected with Schistosoma mansoni. Am J Trop Med Hyg 37:85\u201397","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2014_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.1.419","volume":"160","author":"J Chesney","year":"1998","unstructured":"Chesney J, Metz C, Stavitsky AB, Bacher M, Bucala R (1998) Regulated production of type I collagen and inflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood fibrocytes. J Immunol 160:419\u2013425","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2014_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(99)00154-3","volume":"70","author":"JY Cho","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cho JY, Kim PS, Park J, Yoo ES, Baik KU, Kim YK, Park MH (2000) Inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor- alpha production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells from Amorpha fruticosa. J Ethnopharmacol 70:127\u2013133","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"2014_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510230415","volume":"23","author":"C Dehmlow","year":"1996","unstructured":"Dehmlow C, Erhard J, de Groot H (1996) Inhibition of Kupffer cell functions as an explanation for the hepatoprotective properties of silibinin. Hepatology 23:749\u2013754","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2014_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2585","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.5.2585","volume":"164","author":"PG Fallon","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fallon PG, Richardson EJ, McKenzie GJ, McKenzie AN (2000) Schistosome infection of transgenic mice defines distinct and contrasting pathogenic roles for IL-4 and IL-13: IL-13 is a profibrotic agent. J Immunol 164:2585\u20132591","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2014_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/144.2.148","volume":"144","author":"MM Fanning","year":"1981","unstructured":"Fanning MM, Peters PA, Davis RS, Kazura JW, Mahmoud AA (1981) Immunopathology of murine infection with Schistosoma mansoni: relationship of genetic background to hepatosplenic disease and modulation. J Infect Dis 144:148\u2013153","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2014_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.07.072","volume":"135","author":"P Ferenci","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ferenci P, Scherzer TM, Kerschner H, Rutter K, Beinhardt S, Hofer H, Schoniger-Hekele M, Holzmann H, Steindl-Munda P (2008) Silibinin is a potent antiviral agent in patients with chronic hepatitis C not responding to pegylated interferon\/ribavirin therapy. Gastroenterology 135:1561\u20131567","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2014_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-26761","volume":"68","author":"R Gebhardt","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gebhardt R (2002) Oxidative stress, plant-derived antioxidants and liver fibrosis. Planta Med 68:289\u2013296","journal-title":"Planta Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2014_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2009.12.017","volume":"61","author":"M Gharagozloo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gharagozloo M, Velardi E, Bruscoli S, Agostini M, Di Sante M, Donato V, Amirghofran Z, Riccardi C (2010) Silymarin suppress CD4+ T cell activation and proliferation: effects on NF-kappaB activity and IL-2 production. Pharmacol Res 61(5):405\u2013409","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"2014_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-33801","volume":"68","author":"Q He","year":"2002","unstructured":"He Q, Osuchowski MF, Johnson VJ, Sharma RP (2002) Physiological responses to a natural antioxidant flavonoid mixture, silymarin, in BALB\/c mice: I induction of transforming growth factor beta1 and c-myc in liver with marginal effects on other genes. Planta Med 68:676\u2013679","journal-title":"Planta Med"},{"key":"2014_CR16","first-page":"703","volume":"142","author":"GS Henderson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Henderson GS, Nix NA, Montesano MA, Gold D, Freeman GL Jr, McCurley TL, Colley DG (1993) Two distinct pathological syndromes in male CBA\/J inbred mice with chronic Schistosoma mansoni infections. Am J Pathol 142:703\u2013714","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"2014_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6406","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.12.6406","volume":"164","author":"KF Hoffmann","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hoffmann KF, Cheever AW, Wynn TA (2000) IL-10 and the dangers of immune polarization: excessive type 1 and type 2 cytokine responses induce distinct forms of lethal immunopathology in murine schistosomiasis. J Immunol 164:6406\u20136416","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2014_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra064142","volume":"357","author":"PJ Hotez","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hotez PJ, Molyneux DH, Fenwick A, Kumaresan J, Sachs SE, Sachs JD, Savioli L (2007) Control of neglected tropical diseases. N Engl J Med 357:1018\u20131027","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2014_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2007.12.012","volume":"1780","author":"A Huber","year":"2008","unstructured":"Huber A, Thongphasuk P, Erben G, Lehmann WD, Tuma S, Stremmel W, Chamulitrat W (2008) Significantly greater antioxidant anticancer activities of 2, 3-dehydrosilybin than silybin. Biochim Biophys Acta 1780:837\u2013847","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"2014_CR20","first-page":"208","volume":"6","author":"R Ibrahim","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ibrahim R, Nagy F, Aly E, Mohamed A, EL-Assal F, El-Amir A (2010) Effect of treatment with antifibrotic drugs in combination with PZQ in immunized schistosoma mansoni infected murine model. J Am Sci 6:208\u2013216","journal-title":"J Am Sci"},{"key":"2014_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)00148-9","volume":"35","author":"JD Jia","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jia JD, Bauer M, Cho JJ, Ruehl M, Milani S, Boigk G, Riecken EO, Schuppan D (2001) Antifibrotic effect of silymarin in rat secondary biliary fibrosis is mediated by downregulation of procollagen alpha1(I) and TIMP-1. J Hepatol 35:392\u2013398","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"2014_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-35663","volume":"68","author":"VJ Johnson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Johnson VJ, Osuchowski MF, He Q, Sharma RP (2002) Physiological responses to a natural antioxidant flavonoid mixture, silymarin, in BALB\/c mice: II. alterations in thymic differentiation correlate with changes in c-myc gene expression. Planta Med 68:961\u2013965","journal-title":"Planta Med"},{"key":"2014_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-37023","volume":"69","author":"VJ Johnson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Johnson VJ, He Q, Osuchowski MF, Sharma RP (2003) Physiological responses of a natural antioxidant flavonoid mixture, silymarin, in BALB\/c mice: III. Silymarin inhibits T-lymphocyte function at low doses but stimulates inflammatory processes at high doses. Planta Med 69:44\u201349","journal-title":"Planta Med"},{"key":"2014_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2003.08.032","volume":"67","author":"JS Kang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kang JS, Jeon YJ, Park SK, Yang KH, Kim HM (2004) Protection against lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis and inhibition of interleukin-1beta and prostaglandin E2 synthesis by silymarin. Biochem Pharmacol 67:175\u2013181","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"2014_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02976707","volume":"26","author":"DG Lee","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lee DG, Kim HK, Park Y, Park SC, Woo ER, Jeong HG, Hahm KS (2003) Gram-positive bacteria specific properties of silybin derived from Silybum marianum. Arch Pharm Res 26:597\u2013600","journal-title":"Arch Pharm Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2014_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761998000700020","volume":"93","author":"HL Lenzi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lenzi HL, Kimmel E, Schechtman H, Pelajo-Machado M, Romanha WS, Pacheco RG, Mariano M, Lenzi JA (1998) Histoarchitecture of schistosomal granuloma development and involution: morphogenetic and biomechanical approaches. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 93(Suppl 1):141\u2013151","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"2014_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2265","volume":"22","author":"YL Lin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lin YL, Hsu YC, Chiu YT, Huang YT (2008) Antifibrotic effects of a herbal combination regimen on hepatic fibrotic rats. Phytother Res 22:69\u201376","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"2014_CR28","first-page":"229","volume":"33","author":"H Mehlhorn","year":"1982","unstructured":"Mehlhorn H, Frenkel JK, Andrews P, Thomas H (1982) Light and electron microscopic studies on Schistosoma mansoni Granulomas of mouse livers following treatment with praziquantel. Tropenmed Parasitol 33:229\u2013239","journal-title":"Tropenmed Parasitol"},{"key":"2014_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1038\/nri843","volume":"2","author":"EJ Pearce","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pearce EJ, MacDonald AS (2002) The immunobiology of schistosomiasis. Nat Rev Immunol 2:499\u2013511","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2014_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3490","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.11.3490-3498.2002","volume":"46","author":"AS Pyrrho","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pyrrho AS, Ramos JA, Neto RM, Silva CS, Lenzi HL, Takiya CM, Gattass CR (2002) Dexamethasone, a drug for attenuation of Schistosoma mansoni infection morbidity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 46:3490\u20133498","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2014_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-004-1078-8","volume":"92","author":"AS Pyrrho","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pyrrho AS, Lenzi HL, Ramos JA, Moura-Neto R, Cachem FC, Santos Da Silva C, Takiya CM, Gattass CR (2004) Dexamethasone treatment improves morphological and hematological parameters in chronic experimental schistosomiasis. Parasitol Res 92:478\u2013483","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"2014_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2008.03.053","volume":"269","author":"K Ramasamy","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ramasamy K, Agarwal R (2008) Multitargeted therapy of cancer by silymarin. Cancer Lett 269:352\u2013362","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"2014_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra012396","volume":"346","author":"AG Ross","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ross AG, Bartley PB, Sleigh AC, Olds GR, Li Y, Williams GM, schMcManus DP (2002) Schistosomiasis. N Engl J Med 346:1212\u20131220","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2014_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(03)00239-3","volume":"39","author":"J Schumann","year":"2003","unstructured":"Schumann J, Prockl J, Kiemer AK, Vollmar AM, Bang R, Tiegs G (2003) Silibinin protects mice from T cell-dependent liver injury. J Hepatol 39:333\u2013340","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"2014_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(67)90167-2","volume":"18","author":"H Stegemann","year":"1967","unstructured":"Stegemann H, Stalder K (1967) Determination of hydroxyproline. Clin Chim Acta 18:267\u2013273","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"2014_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.02.023","volume":"50","author":"M Trappoliere","year":"2009","unstructured":"Trappoliere M, Caligiuri A, Schmid M, Bertolani C, Failli P, Vizzutti F, Novo E, di Manzano C, Marra F, Loguercio C, Pinzani M (2009) Silybin, a component of sylimarin, exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrogenic effects on human hepatic stellate cells. J Hepatol 50:1102\u20131111","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"2014_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-08-0095","volume":"2","author":"A Tyagi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tyagi A, Singh RP, Ramasamy K, Raina K, Redente EF, Dwyer-Nield LD, Radcliffe RA, Malkinson AM, Agarwal R (2009) Growth inhibition and regression of lung tumors by silibinin: modulation of angiogenesis by macrophage-associated cytokines and nuclear factor-kappaB and signal transducers and activators of transcription 3. Cancer Prev Res (Phila Pa) 2:74\u201383","journal-title":"Cancer Prev Res (Phila Pa)"},{"key":"2014_CR38","first-page":"735","volume":"51","author":"KS Warren","year":"1967","unstructured":"Warren KS, Domingo EO, Cowan RB (1967) Granuloma formation around schistosome eggs as a manifestation of delayed hypersensitivity. Am J Pathol 51:735\u2013756","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"2014_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20092121","volume":"207","author":"MS Wilson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wilson MS, Madala SK, Ramalingam TR, Gochuico BR, Rosas IO, Cheever AW, Wynn TA (2010) Bleomycin and IL-1{beta}-mediated pulmonary fibrosis is IL-17A dependent. J Exp Med 207:535\u2013552","journal-title":"J Exp Med"}],"container-title":["Parasitology Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00436-010-2014-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00436-010-2014-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00436-010-2014-8","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T17:07:26Z","timestamp":1685725646000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00436-010-2014-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,7]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]}},"alternative-id":["2014"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-010-2014-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0932-0113","1432-1955"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0932-0113","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1955","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,7]]}}}