{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T17:27:58Z","timestamp":1788024478735,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,18]],"date-time":"2018-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518912000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"Higher Education Commission of Pakistan","award":["IRSIP-2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IRSIP-2017"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitol Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-018-5790-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,18]],"date-time":"2018-02-18T00:35:03Z","timestamp":1518914103000},"page":"1131-1138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Molecular characterization of Hepatozoon canis from farm dogs in Pakistan"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Abdullah S.","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad A.","family":"Saeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imran","family":"Rashid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamran","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wasim","family":"Shehzad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca J.","family":"Traub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gad","family":"Baneth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8888-0046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdul","family":"Jabbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"5790_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-4-141","volume":"4","author":"PA Abd Rani","year":"2011","unstructured":"Abd Rani PA, Irwin PJ, Coleman GT, Gatne M, Traub RJ (2011) A survey of canine tick-borne diseases in India. Parasit Vectors 4(1):141. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1756-3305-4-141","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"5790_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2237-y","volume":"10","author":"AM Alho","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alho AM, Lima C, Latrofa MS, Colella V, Ravagnan S, Capelli G, Madeira de Carvalho L, Cardoso L, Otranto D (2017) Molecular detection of vector-borne pathogens in dogs and cats from Qatar. Parasit Vectors 10:298","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"5790_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2015.03.004","volume":"6","author":"MF Aydin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aydin MF, Sevinc F, Sevinc M (2015) Molecular detection and characterization of Hepatozoon spp. in dogs from the central part of Turkey. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 6:388\u2013392","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"5790_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.04.015","volume":"181","author":"G Baneth","year":"2011","unstructured":"Baneth G (2011) Perspectives on canine and feline hepatozoonosis. Vet Parasitol 181(1):3\u201311. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.04.015","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"5790_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-494R.1","volume":"93","author":"G Baneth","year":"2007","unstructured":"Baneth G, Samish M, Shkap V (2007) Life cycle of Hepatozoon canis (Apicomplexa: Adelorina: Hepatozonoidae) in the ticks Rhipicephalus sanguineus and domestic dogs (Canis familiaris). J Parasitol 93:283\u2013299","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5790_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-6-102","volume":"6","author":"G Baneth","year":"2013","unstructured":"Baneth G, Sheiner A, Eyal O, Hahn S, Beaufils JP, Anug Y (2013) Redescription of Hepatozoon felis (Apicomplexa: Hepatozoidae) based on phylogenetic analysis, tissue and blood form morphology, and possible transplacental transmission. Parasit Vectors 6(1):102. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1756-3305-6-102","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"5790_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(97)00160-X","volume":"74","author":"G Baneth","year":"1998","unstructured":"Baneth G, Shkap V, Samish M, Pipano E, Savitsky I (1998) Antibody response to Hepatozoon canis in experimentally infected dogs. Vet Parasitol 74:299\u2013305","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5790_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.09.025","volume":"150","author":"A Criado-Fornelio","year":"2007","unstructured":"Criado-Fornelio A, Buling A, Cunha-Filho NA, Ruas JL, Farias NAR, Rey-Valeiron C, Pingret JL, Etievant M, Barba-Carretero JC (2007) Development and evaluation of a quantitative PCR assay for detection of Hepatozoon sp. Vet Parasitol 150(4):352\u2013356. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.09.025","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5790_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.10.012","volume":"159","author":"A Criado-Fornelio","year":"2009","unstructured":"Criado-Fornelio A, Buling A, Pingret JL, Etievant M, Boucraut-Baralon C, Alongi A, Agnone A, Torina A (2009) Hemoprotozoa of domestic animals in France: prevalence and molecular characterization. Vet Parasitol 159(1):73\u201376. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.10.012","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5790_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(03)00141-9","volume":"114","author":"A Criado-Fornelio","year":"2003","unstructured":"Criado-Fornelio A, Martinez-Marcos A, Buling-Sara\u00f1a A, Barba-Carretero JC (2003) Molecular studies on Babesia, Theileria and Hepatozoon in southern Europe. Vet Parasitol 114(3):173\u2013194. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0304-4017(03)00141-9","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"5790_CR11","first-page":"197","volume":"72","author":"A Dalimi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dalimi A, Jameie F, Mohammadiha A, Barati M, Molaei S (2017) Molecular detection of Hepatozoon canis in dogs of Ardabil Province, northwest of Iran. Arch Razi Inst 72:197\u2013201","journal-title":"Arch Razi Inst"},{"issue":"8","key":"5790_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2109","volume":"9","author":"D Darriba","year":"2012","unstructured":"Darriba D, Taboada GL, Doallo R, Posada D (2012) jModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing. Nat Meth 9(8):772\u2013772. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nmeth.2109","journal-title":"Nat Meth"},{"issue":"2","key":"5790_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2014.06.015","volume":"97","author":"RL Miranda de","year":"2014","unstructured":"de Miranda RL, O'Dwyer LH, de Castro JR, Metzger B Rubini AS, Mundim AV, Eyal O, Talmi-Frank D, Cury MC, Baneth G (2014) Prevalence and molecular characterization of Hepatozoon canis in dogs from urban and rural areas in Southeast Brazil. Res Vet Sci 97(2):325\u2013328. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rvsc.2014.06.015","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"5790_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2016.04.002","volume":"7","author":"LDC Demoner","year":"2016","unstructured":"Demoner LDC, Magro NM, da Silva MRL, de Paula Antunes JMA, Calabuig CIP, O\u2019Dwyer LH (2016) Hepatozoon spp. infections in wild rodents in an area of endemic canine hepatozoonosis in southeastern Brazil. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 7(5):859\u2013864. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2016.04.002","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"5790_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-3-26","volume":"3","author":"F Dantas-Torres","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dantas-Torres F (2010) Biology and ecology of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Parasit Vectors 3(1):26\u201326. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1756-3305-3-26","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"issue":"5","key":"5790_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh340","volume":"32","author":"RC Edgar","year":"2004","unstructured":"Edgar RC (2004) MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Res 32(5):1792\u20131797. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkh340","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"5790_CR17","unstructured":"Farooqi AB, Khan AH, Mir H (2005) Climate change perspective in Pakistan. Pak J Meteorol 2"},{"issue":"06","key":"5790_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1017\/S003118201600250X","volume":"144","author":"A Giannelli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Giannelli A, Lia RP, Annoscia G, Buonavoglia C, Lorusso E, Dantas-Torres F, Baneth G, Otranto D (2017) Rhipicephalus turanicus, a new vector of Hepatozoon canis. Parasitology 144(06):730\u2013737. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S003118201600250X","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"6","key":"5790_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2016.09.008","volume":"7","author":"LA Gomes","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gomes LA, Moraes PHG, do Nascimento LCS, O\u2019Dwyer LH, MRT N, AdRP R, DCF A, Gon\u00e7alves EC (2016) Molecular analysis reveals the diversity of Hepatozoon species naturally infecting domestic dogs in a northern region of Brazil. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 7(6):1061\u20131066. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2016.09.008","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"5790_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2004.03.021","volume":"122","author":"L Gonen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gonen L, Strauss-Ayali D, Shkap V, Vincent-Johnson N, Macintire DK, Baneth G (2004) An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies to Hepatozoon canis. Vet Parasitol 122(2):131\u2013139. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetpar.2004.03.021","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"5790_CR21","first-page":"60","volume":"2","author":"T Hall","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hall T (2011) BioEdit: an important software for molecular biology. GERF Bull Biosci 2:60\u201361","journal-title":"GERF Bull Biosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"5790_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/17.8.754","volume":"17","author":"JP Huelsenbeck","year":"2001","unstructured":"Huelsenbeck JP, Ronquist F (2001) MRBAYES: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees. Bioinformatics 17(8):754\u2013755. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/17.8.754","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"8","key":"5790_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7519(89)90119-7","volume":"19","author":"NDG Ibrahim","year":"1989","unstructured":"Ibrahim NDG, Rahamathulla PM, Njoku CO (1989) Neutrophil myeloperoxidase deficiency associated with canine hepatozoonosis. Int J Parasitol 19(8):915\u2013918. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0020-7519(89)90119-7","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"5790_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(02)00065-1","volume":"106","author":"H Inokuma","year":"2002","unstructured":"Inokuma H, Okuda M, Ohno K, Shimoda K, Onishi T (2002) Analysis of the 18S rRNA gene sequence of a Hepatozoon detected in two Japanese dogs. Vet Parasitol 106:265\u2013271","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5790_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1373.071","volume":"1081","author":"S Jittapalapong","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jittapalapong S, Rungphisutthipongse O, Maruyama S, Schaefer JJ, Stich RW (2006) Detection of Hepatozoon canis in stray dogs and cats in Bangkok, Thailand. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1081(1):479\u2013488. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1196\/annals.1373.071","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"5790_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johnson EM, Panciera RJ, Allen KE, Sheets ME, Beal JD, Ewing SA, Little SE (2009) Alternate pathway of infection with Hepatozoon americanum and the epidemiologic importance of predation. J Vet Int Med 23(6):1315-1318","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2009.0375.x"},{"issue":"12","key":"5790_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts199","volume":"28","author":"M Kearse","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kearse M, Moir R, Wilson A, Stones-Havas S, Cheung M, Sturrock S, Buxton S, Cooper A, Markowitz S, Duran C, Thierer T, Ashton B, Meintjes P, Drummond A (2012) Geneious Basic: an integrated and extendable desktop software platform for the organization and analysis of sequence data. Bioinformatics 28(12):1647\u20131649. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts199","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"2","key":"5790_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638714567935","volume":"27","author":"A Kongklieng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kongklieng A, Intapan PM, Boonmars T, Thanchomnang T, Janwan P, Sanpool O, Lulitanond V, Taweethavonsawat P, Chungpivat S, Maleewong W (2015) Detection of Babesia canis vogeli and Hepatozoon canis in canine blood by a single-tube real-time fluorescence resonance energy transfer polymerase chain reaction assay and melting curve analysis. J Vet Diagn Investig 27(2):191\u2013195. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1040638714567935","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Investig"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"5790_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.01.024","volume":"196","author":"AD Loftis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Loftis AD, Kelly PJ, Freeman MD, Fitzharris S, Beeler-Marfisi J, Wang C (2013) Tick-borne pathogens and disease in dogs on St. Kitts, West Indies. Vet Parasitol 196(1-2):44\u201349. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.01.024","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"5790_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00931536","volume":"81","author":"K Luton","year":"1995","unstructured":"Luton K, Gleeson M, Johnson AM (1995) rRNA gene sequence heterogeneity among Toxoplasma gondii strains. Parasitol Res 81:310\u2013315","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"5790_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.2008.00349.x","volume":"62","author":"WP Maddison","year":"2008","unstructured":"Maddison WP (2008) Mesquite: a modular system for evolutionary analysis. Evolution 62:1103\u20131118","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"issue":"4","key":"5790_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2014.01.009","volume":"5","author":"C Maia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Maia C, Ferreira A, Nunes M, Vieira ML, Campino L, Cardoso L (2014) Molecular detection of bacterial and parasitic pathogens in hard ticks from Portugal. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 5(4):409\u2013414. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2014.01.009","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"key":"5790_CR33","unstructured":"Maps (2017) Maps of world. \n                    https:\/\/www.mapsofworld.com\/lat_long\/pakistan-lat-long.html\/\n                    \n                   (Accessed 01 October 2017)."},{"key":"5790_CR34","unstructured":"Mathew JS, Ewing SA, Panciera RJ, Woods JP (1998) Experimental transmission of Hepatozoon americanum Vincent-Johnson et al., 1997 to dogs by the Gulf Coast tick, Amblyomma maculatum Koch. Vet Parasitol 80(1):1\u201314"},{"key":"5790_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2000)086[0366:PROHAA]2.0.CO;2","volume":"86","author":"JS Mathew","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mathew JS, Van Den Bussche RA, Ewing SA, Malayer JR, Latha BR, Panciera RJ (2000) Phylogenetics relationship of Hepatozoon (Apicomplexa: Adeleornia) based on molecular, morphologic, and life cycle character. J Parasitol 86:366\u2013372","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"5790_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.55.867","volume":"55","author":"T Murata","year":"1993","unstructured":"Murata T, Imoue M, Tateyama S, Taura Y, Nakama S (1993) Vertical transmission of Hepatozoon canis in dogs. J Vet Med Sci 55:867\u2013868","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"5790_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-4-55","volume":"4","author":"D Otranto","year":"2011","unstructured":"Otranto D, Dantas-Torres F, Weigl S, Latrofa MS, Stanneck D, Decaprariis D, Capelli G, Baneth G (2011) Diagnosis of Hepatozoon canis in young dogs by cytology and PCR. Parasit Vectors 4:55","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"5790_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.11.036","volume":"186","author":"RM Pawar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pawar RM, Poornachandar A, Srinivas P, Rao KR, Lakshmikantan U, Shivaji S (2012) Molecular characterization of Hepatozoon spp. infection in endangered Indian wild felids and canids. Vet Parasitol 186:475\u2013479","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"5790_CR39","unstructured":"PMD 2016. Pakistan Metrological Department. \n                    http:\/\/www.pmd.gov.pk\n                    \n                  \/ (accessed 01 October, 2017)."},{"key":"5790_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-4431.2009.00508.x","volume":"20","author":"TM Potter","year":"2010","unstructured":"Potter TM, Macintire DK (2010) Hepatozoon americanum: an emerging disease in the south-central\/southeastern United States. J Vet Emerg Crit Care 20:70\u201376","journal-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care"},{"key":"5790_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2016.1999","volume":"17","author":"M Qamar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Qamar M, Malik MI, Latif M, Ain Q, Aktas M, Shaikh RS, Iqbal F (2017) Molecular detection and prevalence of Hepatozoon canis in dogs from Punjab (Pakistan) and hematological profile of infected dogs. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 17:179\u2013184","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"5790_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.10.027","volume":"199","author":"A Rojas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rojas A, Rojas D, Montenegro V, Guti\u00e9rrez R, Yasur-Landau D, Baneth G (2014) Vector-borne pathogens in dogs from Costa Rica: first molecular description of Babesia vogeli and Hepatozoon canis infections with a high prevalence of monocytic ehrlichiosis and the manifestations of co-infection. Vet Parasitol 199:121\u2013128","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"5790_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btg180","volume":"19","author":"F Ronquist","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ronquist F, Huelsenbeck JP (2003) MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics 19:1572\u20131574","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"5790_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-005-1383-x","volume":"97","author":"AS Rubini","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rubini AS, dos Santos PK, Cavalcante GG, Ribolla PEM, O\u2019Dwyer LH (2005) Molecular identification and characterization of canine Hepatozoon species from Brazil. Parasitol Res 97:91\u201393","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"5790_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.05.009","volume":"164","author":"AS Rubini","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rubini AS, Paduan KS, Martins TF, Labruna MB, O\u2019Dwyer LH (2009) Acquisition and transmission of Hepatozoon canis (Apicomplexa: Hepatozoidae) by the tick Amblyomma ovale (Acari: Ixodidae). Vet Parasitol 164:324\u2013327","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"5790_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1515\/ap-2016-0098","volume":"61","author":"LD Singla","year":"2016","unstructured":"Singla LD, Sumbria D, Mandhotra A, Bal MS, Kaur P (2016) Critical analysis of vector-borne infections in dogs: Babesia vogeli, Babesia gibsoni, Ehrlichia canis and Hepatozoon canis in Punjab, India. Acta Parasitol 61:697\u2013706","journal-title":"Acta Parasitol"},{"key":"5790_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.2307\/3283781","volume":"82","author":"TG Smith","year":"1996","unstructured":"Smith TG (1996) The genus Hepatozoon (Apicomplexa: Adeleina). J. Parasitol 82:565\u2013585","journal-title":"J. Parasitol"},{"key":"5790_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.05.002","volume":"163","author":"MG Spolidorio","year":"2009","unstructured":"Spolidorio MG, Labruna MB, Zago AM, Donatele DM, Caliari KM, Yoshinari NH (2009) Hepatozoon canis infecting dogs in the State of Esp\u00edrito Santo, southeastern Brazil. Vet Parasitol 163:357\u2013361","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"5790_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-417","volume":"7","author":"RW Stich","year":"2014","unstructured":"Stich RW, Blagburn BL, Bowman DD, Carpenter C, Cortinas MR, Ewing SA, Foley D, Foley JE, Gaff H, Hickling GJ, Lash RR, Little SE, Lund C, Lund R, Mather TN, Needham GR, Nicholson WL, Sharp J, Varela-Stokes A, Wang D (2014) Quantitative factors proposed to influence the prevalence of canine tick-borne disease agents in the United States. Parasit Vectors 7:417","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"5790_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.1.136-173.2004","volume":"17","author":"RW Sutherst","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sutherst RW (2004) Global change and human vulnerability to vector-borne diseases. Clin Microbiol Rev. 17:136\u2013173","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev."},{"key":"5790_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst197","volume":"30","author":"K Tamura","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, Filipski A, Kumar S (2013) MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 4.0. Mol Biol Evol 30:2725\u20132729","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"key":"5790_CR52","first-page":"95","volume":"48","author":"M Ul-Hasan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ul-Hasan M, Abubakar M, Muhammad G, Khan MN, Hussain M (2012) Prevalence of tick infestation (Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum) in dogs in Punjab, Pakistan. Vet Italia 48:95\u201398","journal-title":"Vet Italia"},{"key":"5790_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2009.02.007","volume":"39","author":"L Vojta","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vojta L, Mrljak V, \u0106urkovi\u0107 S, \u017divi\u010dnjak T, Marinculi\u0107 A, Beck R (2009) Molecular epizootiology of canine hepatozoonosis in Croatia. Int J Parasitol 39:1129\u20131136","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"5790_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Werle E, Schneider C, Renner M, V\u00f6lker M, Fiehn W (1994) Convenient single-step, one tube purification of PCR products for direct sequencing. Nucleic Acids Res 22(20):4354","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/22.20.4354"}],"container-title":["Parasitology Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00436-018-5790-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00436-018-5790-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00436-018-5790-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]],"date-time":"2020-05-19T01:19:27Z","timestamp":1589851167000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00436-018-5790-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,18]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"alternative-id":["5790"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-018-5790-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0932-0113","1432-1955"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0932-0113","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1955","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 December 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 January 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 February 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the animal ethics committee of the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}