{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T19:12:50Z","timestamp":1786389170771,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,12]],"date-time":"2019-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552348800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitol Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-019-06289-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,11]],"date-time":"2019-03-11T23:50:40Z","timestamp":1552348240000},"page":"1501-1509","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Morphology and molecules resolve the identity and life cycle of an eye trematode, Philophthalmus attenuatus n. sp. (Trematoda: Philophthalmidae) infecting gulls in New Zealand"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"118","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1037-894X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jerusha","family":"Bennett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bronwen","family":"Presswell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"6289_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2011.05374.x","volume":"21","author":"I Blasco-Costa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Blasco-Costa I, Waters JM, Poulin R (2012) Swimming against the current: genetic structure, host mobility and the drift paradox in trematode parasites. Mol Ecol 21(1):207\u2013217","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"key":"6289_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-706X(93)90079-Q","volume":"55","author":"J Bowles","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bowles J, Hope M, Tiu WU, Xushian L, McManus DP (1993) Nuclear and mitochondrial genetic markers highly conserved between Chinese and Philippine Schistosoma japonicum. Acta Trop 55:217\u2013229","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"6289_CR3","first-page":"130","volume":"28","author":"HL Ching","year":"1961","unstructured":"Ching HL (1961) The development and morphological variation of Philophthalmus gralli Matthis and Leger, 1910, with a comparison of species of Philophthalmus Loos, 1899. P Helm Soc Wash 28:130\u2013138","journal-title":"P Helm Soc Wash"},{"issue":"3","key":"6289_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-3425","volume":"91","author":"M Dailey","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dailey M, Ellin R, Par\u00e1s (2005) First report of parasites from pinnipeds in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, with a description of a new species of Philophthalmus (Digenea: Philophthalmidae). J Parasitol 91(3):614\u2013617","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6289_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00019519","volume":"32","author":"AS Dissanaike","year":"1958","unstructured":"Dissanaike AS, Bilimoria DP (1958) On an infection of a human eye with Philophthaltmus sp. in Ceylon. J Helminthol 32(3):115\u2013118","journal-title":"J Helminthol"},{"key":"6289_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1654\/4307.1","volume":"75","author":"NO Dronen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dronen NO, Fried B (2008) Comparative study of the age classes of two species of Philophthalmus Loos, 1899 (Philophthalmidae: Philophthalminae). Comp Parasitol 75:12\u201323","journal-title":"Comp Parasitol"},{"key":"6289_CR7","first-page":"217","volume":"2","author":"NO Dronen","year":"1975","unstructured":"Dronen NO, Penner LR (1975) Concerning Philophthalmus andersoni sp. n. (Trematoda: Philophthalmidae), another ocular helminth from birds which develops in a marine gastropod. U Connecticut Occ Pap. Biol Sci Ser 2:217\u2013224","journal-title":"Biol Sci Ser"},{"issue":"1","key":"6289_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1642\/0004-8038(2005)122[0268:MEFRRI]2.0.CO;2","volume":"122","author":"AD Given","year":"2005","unstructured":"Given AD, Mills JA, Baker AJ (2005) Molecular evidence for recent radiation in southern hemisphere masked gulls. Auk 122(1):268\u2013279","journal-title":"Auk"},{"issue":"4","key":"6289_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(87)90234-0","volume":"104","author":"Y Gutierrez","year":"1987","unstructured":"Gutierrez Y, Grossnikiaus HE, Annable WL (1987) Human conjunctivitis caused by the bird parasite Philophthalmus. Am J Ophthalmol 104(4):417\u2013419","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6289_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2017.12.007","volume":"67","author":"P Heneberg","year":"2018","unstructured":"Heneberg P, Casero M, Waap H, Sitko J, Azevedo F, T\u011b\u0161\u00ednsk\u00fd M, Liter\u00e1k I (2018) An outbreak of philophthalmosis in Larus michahellis and Larus fuscus gulls in Iberian Peninsula. Parasitol Int 67(2):253\u2013261","journal-title":"Parasitol Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"6289_CR11","first-page":"182","volume":"13","author":"MJ Howell","year":"1965","unstructured":"Howell MJ (1965) Notes on a potential trematode parasite of man in New Zealand. Tuatara 13(3):182\u2013184","journal-title":"Tuatara"},{"key":"6289_CR12","first-page":"182","volume":"92","author":"MJ Howell","year":"1967","unstructured":"Howell MJ, Bearup AJ (1967) The life histories of two bird trematodes of the family Philophthalmidae. Proc Linn Soc NSW 92:182\u2013194","journal-title":"Proc Linn Soc NSW"},{"key":"6289_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/17.8.754","volume":"17","author":"JP Huelsenbeck","year":"2001","unstructured":"Huelsenbeck JP, Ronquist F (2001) MRBAYES. Bayesian inference of phylogeny. Bioinformatics 17:754\u2013755","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"11","key":"6289_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1057337","volume":"179","author":"H Kalthoff","year":"1981","unstructured":"Kalthoff H, Janitschke K, Mravak S, Schopp W, Werner H (1981) Ein ausgereifter saugwurm der gattung Philophthalmus unter der Bindehaut des Menschen. Klin Monatsbl Augenh 179(11):373\u2013375","journal-title":"Klin Monatsbl Augenh"},{"key":"6289_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts199","volume":"28","author":"M Kearse","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kearse M, Moir R, Wilson A, Stones-Havas S, Cheung M, Sturrock S, Buxton S, Cooper A, Markowitz S, Duran C, Thierer T, Ashton B, Meintjes P, Drummond A (2012) Geneious basic: an integrated and extendable desktop software platform for the organization and analysis of sequence date. Bioinformatics 28:1647\u20131649","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"6289_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4591","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2009.04388.x","volume":"18","author":"DB Keeney","year":"2009","unstructured":"Keeney DB, King TM, Rowe DL, Poulin R (2009) Contrasting mtDNA diversity and population structure in a direct-developing marine gastropod and its trematode parasites. Mol Ecol 18:4591\u20134603","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"key":"6289_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-1324.1","volume":"94","author":"I Kr\u00e1lov\u00e1-Hromadov\u00e1","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kr\u00e1lov\u00e1-Hromadov\u00e1 I, \u0160pakulov\u00e1 M, Hor\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1 E, Tur\u010dekov\u00e1 L, Novobilsk\u00fd A, Beck R, Koudela B, Marinculi\u0107 A, Rajsk\u00fd D, Pybus M (2001) Sequence analysis of ribosomal and mitochondrial genes of the giant liver fluke Fascioloides magna (Trematoda: Fasciolidae): intraspecific variation and differentiation from Fasciola hepatica. J Parasitol 94:58\u201367","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"6289_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msw054","volume":"33","author":"S Kumar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kumar S, Stecher G, Tamura K (2016) MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. Mol Biol Evol 33:1870\u20131874","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6289_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00012979","volume":"67","author":"Y Lang","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lang Y, Weiss Y, Garzozi H, Gold D, Lengy J (1993) A first instance of human philophthalmosis in Israel. J Helminthol 67(2):107\u2013111","journal-title":"J Helminthol"},{"key":"6289_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2011.05.001","volume":"41","author":"TLF Leung","year":"2011","unstructured":"Leung TLF, Poulin R (2011) Small worms, big appetites; ratios of different functional morphs in relation to interspecific competition in trematode parasites. Int J Parasitol 41:1063\u20131068","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"6289_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1080\/00288330909510044","volume":"43","author":"TLF Leung","year":"2009","unstructured":"Leung TLF, Donald KM, Keeney DB, Koehler AV, Peoples RC, Poulin R (2009) Trematode parasites of Otago Harbour (New Zealand) soft-sediment intertidal ecosystems: life cycles, ecological roles and DNA barcodes. New Zeal J Mar Fresh Res 43:857\u2013865","journal-title":"New Zeal J Mar Fresh Res"},{"key":"6289_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2013.04.001","volume":"62","author":"I Liter\u00e1k","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liter\u00e1k I, Heneberg P, Sitko J, Wetzel EJ, Cardenas Callirgos JM, \u010capek M, Valle Basto D, Papou\u0160ek I (2013) Eye trematode infection in small passerines in Peru caused by Philophthalmus lucipetus an agent with a zoonotic potential spread by an invasive freshwater snail. Parasitol Int 62:390\u2013396","journal-title":"Parasitol Int"},{"key":"6289_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2012.07.010","volume":"42","author":"MM Lloyd","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lloyd MM, Poulin R (2012) Fitness benefits of a division of labour in parasitic trematode colonies with and without competition. Intl J Parasitol 42:939\u2013946","journal-title":"Intl J Parasitol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6289_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182013001492","volume":"141","author":"MM Lloyd","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lloyd MM, Poulin R (2014) Multi-clone infections and the impact of intraspecific competition of trematode colonies with a division of labour. Parasitology 141(2):304\u2013310","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"3","key":"6289_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01854748","volume":"140","author":"A Markovi\u0107","year":"1939","unstructured":"Markovi\u0107 A (1939) Der erste fall von Philophthalmose beim Menschen. A Graefes Arch Ophthalmol 140(3):515\u2013526","journal-title":"A Graefes Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"6289_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1080\/03014220809510104","volume":"35","author":"SR Martorelli","year":"2008","unstructured":"Martorelli SR, Fredensborg BL, Leung TLF, Poulin R (2008) Four trematode cercariae from the New Zealand intertidal snail Zeacumantus subcarinatus (Batillariidae). NZ J Zool 35:73\u201384","journal-title":"NZ J Zool"},{"issue":"1","key":"6289_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1071\/MU943065","volume":"43","author":"AR McGill","year":"1943","unstructured":"McGill AR (1943) Probable occurrence of the southern black-backed gull (Larus dominicanus) in Australia. Emu \u2013 Austral Ornithol 43(1):65\u201366","journal-title":"Emu \u2013 Austral Ornithol"},{"key":"6289_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miller MA, Pfeiffer W, Schwartz T (2010) Creating the CIPRES science gateway for inference of large phylogenetic trees. In: Proceedings of the Gateway Computing Environments workshop (GCE). New Orleans, pp.1\u20138","DOI":"10.1109\/GCE.2010.5676129"},{"issue":"4","key":"6289_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1982.31.859","volume":"31","author":"T Mimori","year":"1982","unstructured":"Mimori T, Hirai H, Kifune T, Inada K (1982) Philophthalmus sp. (Trematoda) in a human eye. Am J Trop Med Hyg 31(4):859\u2013861","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"6289_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2005.02.014","volume":"35","author":"O Miura","year":"2005","unstructured":"Miura O, Kuris AM, Torchin ME, Hechinger RF, Dunham EJ, Chiba S (2005) Molecular-genetic analyses reveal cryptic species of trematodes in the intertidal gastropod, Batellaria cumingi (Crosse). Int J Parasitol 35:793\u2013801","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"6289_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.4102\/ojvr.v72i3.197","volume":"72","author":"S Mukaratirwa","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mukaratirwa S, Hove T, Cindzi ZM, Maononga DB, Taruvinga M, Matenga E (2005) First report of an outbreak of the oriental eye-fluke, Philophthalmus gralli (Mathis & Leger 1910), in commercially reared ostriches (Struthio camelus) in Zimbabwe. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 72:203\u2013206","journal-title":"Onderstepoort J Vet Res"},{"key":"6289_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1645\/JP-GE-2969","volume":"98","author":"AT Neal","year":"2012","unstructured":"Neal AT, Poulin R (2012) Substratum preference of Philophthalmus sp. cercariae for cyst formation under natural and experimental conditions. J Parasitol 98:293\u2013298","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"6289_CR33","first-page":"205","volume-title":"Adv Parasit","author":"PM Nollen","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nollen PM, Kanev I (1995) The taxonomy and biology of philophthalmid eye flukes. In: Baker JR, Muller R, Rollinson D (eds) Adv Parasit. Academic Press, London, pp 205\u2013269"},{"issue":"2","key":"6289_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s11230-014-9515-2","volume":"89","author":"K O\u2019Dwyer","year":"2014","unstructured":"O\u2019Dwyer K, Blasco-Costa I, Poulin R, Faltynkova A (2014) Four marine digenean parasites of Austrolittorina spp. (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in New Zealand: morphological and molecular data. Syst Parasitol 89(2):133\u2013152","journal-title":"Syst Parasitol"},{"issue":"6","key":"6289_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2381","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-015-4436-9","volume":"114","author":"K O\u2019Dwyer","year":"2015","unstructured":"O\u2019Dwyer K, Faltynkova A, Georgieva S, Kostadinova A (2015) An intergrative taxonomic investigation of the diversity of digenean parasites infecting the intertidal snail Austrolittorina unifasciata Gray, 1826 (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in Australia. Parasitol Res 114(6):2381\u20132397","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"6289_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.2307\/3275734","volume":"49","author":"LR Penner","year":"1963","unstructured":"Penner LR, Fried B (1963) Philophthalmus hegeneri sp. n., an ocular trematode from birds. J Parasitol 49:974\u2013977","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"6289_CR37","first-page":"265","volume":"1","author":"LR Penner","year":"1970","unstructured":"Penner LR, Trimble JJ (1970) Philophthalmus larsoni sp. n., an ocular trematode from birds. U Connecticut Occ Pap Biol Sci 1:265\u2013273","journal-title":"U Connecticut Occ Pap Biol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"6289_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1638\/2017-0096.1","volume":"49","author":"BE Phillips","year":"2018","unstructured":"Phillips BE, P\u00e1ez-Rosas D, Flowers JR, Cullen JM, Law JM, Colitz C, Dereresienski D, Lohmann KJ, Lewbart GA (2018) Evaluation of the ophthalmic disease and histopathologic effects due to the ocular trematode Philophthalmus zalophi on juvenile Galapagos sea lions (Zalophus wollebaeki). J Zoo Wildlife Med 49(3):581\u2013590","journal-title":"J Zoo Wildlife Med"},{"key":"6289_CR39","volume-title":"New Zealand mollusca","author":"AWB Powell","year":"1979","unstructured":"Powell AWB (1979) New Zealand mollusca. William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland"},{"key":"6289_CR40","series-title":"ICBP Tech Pub No","first-page":"573","volume-title":"Status and conservation of the world\u2019s seabirds","author":"CJR Robertson","year":"1984","unstructured":"Robertson CJR, Bell BD (1984) Seabird status and conservation in the New Zealand region. In: Croxall JP, Evans PGH, Schreiber RW (eds) Status and conservation of the world\u2019s seabirds, ICBP Tech Pub No, vol 2. Princeton, Princeton University Press, pp 573\u2013586"},{"key":"6289_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3354\/meps10886","volume":"511","author":"E Woehler","year":"2014","unstructured":"Woehler E, Patterson TA, Bravington MV, Hobday AJ, Chambers LE (2014) Climate and competition in abundance trends in native and invasive Tasmanian gulls. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 511:249\u2013263","journal-title":"Mar Ecol Prog Ser"}],"container-title":["Parasitology Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00436-019-06289-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00436-019-06289-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00436-019-06289-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,10]],"date-time":"2020-03-10T20:08:03Z","timestamp":1583870883000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00436-019-06289-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,12]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}},"alternative-id":["6289"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-019-06289-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0932-0113","1432-1955"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0932-0113","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1955","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 February 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 March 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 March 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving animals were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institution at which the studies were conducted.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}