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Included in this study were 146 dogs which were tested positive for <jats:italic>D. immitis<\/jats:italic> and\/or <jats:italic>D. repens.<\/jats:italic> The most commonly used diagnostic methods and the probable geographical origins of the infections were evaluated and the treatment protocols applied were compared with each other and with the literature. The results show that most infections were found due to screening for common travel infections using antigen-ELISA or PCR-testing, or by the incidental finding of microfilariae. Remarkably, only 24.3% of all cases presented showed clinical signs indicating canine dirofilariosis. Regarding the origin and travel history of the dogs, thirteen different countries could be identified. The three treatment protocols used showed a similar outcome after 8\u00a0months of treatment and minor side effects, which is consistent with the literature. An alarming increase in reported infections with both <jats:italic>D. immitis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>D. repens<\/jats:italic> in Austria was noted since 2014. The number of documented cases had almost tripled by 2018, raising severe concerns about the threat of it becoming endemic in Austria. Therefore, the existing recommendations in current guidelines regarding canine dirofilariosis should be widely publicised and more strictly enforced. Prophylactic measures for dogs travelling abroad and diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for dogs imported from endemic countries should be obligatorily established throughout Europe, to reduce the risk of further spread of canine filarial infections to non-endemic regions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-019-06576-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,13]],"date-time":"2020-02-13T15:02:57Z","timestamp":1581606177000},"page":"1001-1009","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Current trends in canine dirofilariosis in Austria\u2014do we face a pre-endemic status?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Karin","family":"Sonnberger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg G.","family":"Duscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Peter","family":"Fuehrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6312-8579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Leschnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"6576_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12009","volume":"24","author":"F Albanese","year":"2013","unstructured":"Albanese F, Abramo F, Braglia C, Caporali C, Venco L, Vercelli A, Chibaudo G, Leone F, Carrani F, Gianelli A, Otranto D (2013) Nodular lesions due to infestation by Dirofilaria repens in dogs from Italy. 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