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Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the ultrastructural characteristics of diverse cell types and their organelles of these developing embryos and fully formed miracidia within the eggshell were examined. The eggshell and embryonic envelopes are similar to those described previously by many authors for other digeneans. However, the developing miracidia are unique among previously described digeneans in possessing transitory cilia during larvigenesis, but completely lacking cilia in fully formed miracidium larvae. The evidence for completion of miracidial maturation in intrauterine eggs is based on the presence of the following structures: (1) transitional stage of ciliated differentiating miracidial epithelium; (2) apical and lateral glands, characteristic for digenean miracidia; and (3) fully developed germinative cells grouped together in the germinative sac localized in the posterior region of the miracidium. The protonephridial system with its characteristic flame cells and the nervous system with diverse types of neurons and nerve centers, which are characteristic for other digenean species reported until now, are absent from all these developmental stages of <jats:italic>I. lorum<\/jats:italic>. Based on these observations, we hypothesize that the life cycle of <jats:italic>I. lorum<\/jats:italic> is entirely terrestrial, involving passive transmission by ingestion of eggs containing unciliated miracidia to the first intermediate host.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-020-06629-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]],"date-time":"2020-02-27T08:02:46Z","timestamp":1582790566000},"page":"1583-1595","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Ultrastructure and cytochemistry of intrauterine embryonic and larval stages of Ityogonimus lorum (Digenea: Brachylaimidae) involving transitory development of ciliated miracidia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"119","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7849-8679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zdzis\u0142aw","family":"\u015awiderski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0198-0234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David Bruce","family":"Conn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1132-3772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordi","family":"Miquel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"6629_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-011-2590-2","volume":"110","author":"M Bru\u0148ansk\u00e1","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bru\u0148ansk\u00e1 M, Mackiewicz JS, M\u0142ocicki D, \u015awiderski Z, Nebes\u00e1\u0159ov\u00e1 J (2012) Early intrauterine embryonic development in Khawia sinensis Hs\u00fc, 1935 (Cestoda, Caryophyllidea, Lytocestidae), an invasive tapeworm of carp (Cyprinus carpio): an ultrastructural study. 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