{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T16:43:46Z","timestamp":1785343426922,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]],"date-time":"2020-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586822400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]],"date-time":"2020-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586822400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004901","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Ezequiel Dias"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitol Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-020-06654-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]],"date-time":"2020-04-14T00:02:10Z","timestamp":1586822530000},"page":"1683-1690","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Visceral leishmaniasis: a practical strategy for quantitative molecular diagnosis in naturally infected dogs"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"S\u00e9rgio","family":"Caldas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreza P.","family":"Marcelino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilson","family":"Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda","family":"de Oliveira Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Caroline Zampiroli","family":"Ataide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas Maciel","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Terezinha","family":"Bahia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo Fontes","family":"Paz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9lia M. F.","family":"Gontijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"6654_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-153","volume":"13","author":"I Abbasi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Abbasi I, Aramin S, Hailu A, Shiferaw W, Kassahun A, Belay S, Jaffe C, Warburg A (2013) Evaluation of PCR procedures for detecting and quantifying Leishmania donovani DNA in large numbers of dried human blood samples from a visceral leishmaniasis focus in Northern Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis 13:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2334-13-153","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"6654_CR2","unstructured":"Altman DG (1991) Inter-rater agreement. In: Altman DG (ed) Practical Statistics for medical research, 1st edn. Chapman and Hall, London, pp 403\u2013409"},{"key":"6654_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(04)57001-X","volume":"57","author":"J Alvar","year":"2004","unstructured":"Alvar J, Ca\u00f1avate C, Molina R et al (2004) Canine leishmaniasis. Adv Parasitol 57:1\u201388","journal-title":"Adv Parasitol"},{"key":"6654_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2019.02.016","volume":"193","author":"N Alves Souza","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alves Souza N, Souza Leite R, de Oliveira SS et al (2019) Detection of mixed Leishmania infections in dogs from an endemic area in southeastern Brazil. Acta Trop 193:12\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actatropica.2019.02.016","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"6654_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1995.53.251","volume":"53","author":"DA Ashford","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ashford DA, Bozza M, Freire M, Miranda JC, Sherlock I, Eulalio C, Lopes U, Fernandes O, Degrave W, Barker RH Jr (1995) Comparison of the polymerase chain reaction and serology for the detection of canine visceral leishmaniasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 53:251\u2013255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.1995.53.251","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"6654_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Baneth G, Koutinas AF, Solano-Gallego L, Bourdeau P, Ferrer L (2008) Canine leishmaniosis - new concepts and insights on an expanding zoonosis: part one. Trends Parasitol 24:324\u2013330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pt.2008.04.001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2008.04.001"},{"key":"6654_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2012.05.002","volume":"123","author":"S Caldas","year":"2012","unstructured":"Caldas S, Caldas IS, Diniz LDF et al (2012) Real-time PCR strategy for parasite quantification in blood and tissue samples of experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Acta Trop 123:170\u2013177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actatropica.2012.05.002","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"6654_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.09.015","volume":"189","author":"IS Caldas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Caldas IS, de Menezes APJ, de Diniz LF et al (2019) Parasitaemia and parasitic load are limited targets of the aetiological treatment to control the progression of cardiac fibrosis and chronic cardiomyopathy in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected dogs. Acta Trop 189:30\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.09.015","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"6654_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/S2222-1808(13)60003-1","volume":"3","author":"MS da Costa Lima","year":"2013","unstructured":"da Costa Lima MS, Zorzenon DCR, Dorval MEC et al (2013) Sensitivity of PCR and real-time PCR for the diagnosis of human visceral leishmaniasis using peripheral blood. Asian Pacific J Trop Dis 3:10\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2222-1808(13)60003-1","journal-title":"Asian Pacific J Trop Dis"},{"key":"6654_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2008.05.018","volume":"182","author":"CM de Paiva","year":"2009","unstructured":"de Paiva CM, Felinto de Brito ME, de Souza WV et al (2009) The development of a real-time PCR assay for the quantification of Leishmania infantum DNA in canine blood. Vet J 182:356\u2013358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tvjl.2008.05.018","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"6654_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ferreira S de A, Almeida GG, de Silva SO et al (2013) Nasal, oral and ear swabs for canine visceral Leishmaniasis diagnosis: new practical approaches for detection of Leishmania infantum DNA. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7:e2150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002150","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002150"},{"key":"6654_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-014-0452-4","volume":"40","author":"M Ghasemian","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ghasemian M, Gharavi MJ, Akhlaghi L, Mohebali M, Meamar AR, Aryan E, Oormazdi H, Ghayour Z (2016) SYBR green-based detection of Leishmania infantum DNA using peripheral blood samples. J Parasit Dis 40:81\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12639-014-0452-4","journal-title":"J Parasit Dis"},{"key":"6654_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1261","volume":"25","author":"A Giulietti","year":"2001","unstructured":"Giulietti A, Overbergh L, Valckx D, Decallonne B, Bouillon R, Mathieu C (2001) An overview of real-time quantitative PCR: applications to quantify cytokine gene expression. Methods 25:386\u2013401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/meth.2001.1261","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"6654_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2010.06.010","volume":"138","author":"PMM Guedes","year":"2010","unstructured":"Guedes PMM, Veloso VM, Talvani A, Diniz LF, Caldas IS, Do-Valle-Matta MA, Santiago-Silva J, Chiari E, Galv\u00e3o LM, Silva JS, Bahia MT (2010) Increased type 1 chemokine expression in experimental Chagas disease correlates with cardiac pathology in beagle dogs. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 138:106\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetimm.2010.06.010","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"6654_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hossain F, Ghosh P, Khan MAA et al (2017) Real-time PCR in detection and quantitation of Leishmania donovani for the diagnosis of visceral Leishmaniasis patients and the monitoring of their response to treatment. PLoS One. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0185606","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0185606"},{"key":"6654_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","volume":"33","author":"JR Landis","year":"1977","unstructured":"Landis JR, Koch GG (1977) The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 33:159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2529310","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"6654_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2255","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-015-4418-y","volume":"114","author":"RS Leite","year":"2015","unstructured":"Leite RS, Souza NA, Barbosa AD, Ferreira ALC, Andrade ASR (2015) Evaluation of conjunctival swab as a mass-screening tool for molecular diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis. Parasitol Res 114:2255\u20132262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-015-4418-y","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"6654_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2016.05.022","volume":"226","author":"M Losada-Barrag\u00e1n","year":"2016","unstructured":"Losada-Barrag\u00e1n M, Cavalcanti A, Uma\u00f1a-P\u00e9rez A et al (2016) Detection and quantification of Leishmania infantum in naturally and experimentally infected animal samples. Vet Parasitol 226:57\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetpar.2016.05.022","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"6654_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1590\/s0074-02761912000100006","volume":"4","author":"A Lutz","year":"1912","unstructured":"Lutz A, Neiva A (1912) Contribui\u00e7\u00e3o para o conhecimento das especies do genero Phlebotomus existentes no Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 4:84\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s0074-02761912000100006","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"6654_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5249","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.11.5249-5255.2004","volume":"42","author":"C Mary","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mary C, Faraut F, Lascombe L, Dumon H (2004) Quantification of Leishmania infantum DNA by a real-time PCR assay with high sensitivity. J Clin Microbiol 42:5249\u20135255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.42.11.5249-5255.2004","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"6654_CR21","unstructured":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade (2014) Manual de Vigil\u00e2ncia e Controle da Leishmaniose Visceral Bras\u00edlia-DF 2014 MINIST\u00c9RIO DA SA\u00daDE, Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade, Departamento de Vigil\u00e2ncia Epidemiol\u00f3gica. 1a edi\u00e7\u00e3o, 5a reimpress\u00e3o"},{"key":"6654_CR22","unstructured":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade (2019) Leishmaniose visceral: o que \u00e9, causas, sintomas, tratamento, diagn\u00f3stico e preven\u00e7\u00e3o. http:\/\/saude.gov.br\/saude-de-a-z\/leishmaniose-visceral. Accessed 14 Nov 2019"},{"key":"6654_CR23","first-page":"163","volume":"46","author":"M Mortarino","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mortarino M, Franceschi A, Mancianti F, Bazzocchi C, Genchi C, Bandi C (2004) Quantitative PCR in the diagnosis of Leishmania. Parassitologia 46:163\u2013167","journal-title":"Parassitologia"},{"key":"6654_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(87)55023-6","volume":"155","author":"KB Mullis","year":"1987","unstructured":"Mullis KB, Faloona FA (1987) Specific synthesis of DNA in vitro via a polymerase-catalyzed chain reaction. Methods Enzymol 155:335\u2013350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0076-6879(87)55023-6","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"6654_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7012(02)00099-4","volume":"51","author":"L Nicolas","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nicolas L, Milon G, Prina E (2002) Rapid differentiation of Old World Leishmania species by LightCycler polymerase chain reaction and melting curve analysis. J Microbiol Methods 51:295\u2013299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0167-7012(02)00099-4","journal-title":"J Microbiol Methods"},{"key":"6654_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1590\/S1678-91992010000400004","volume":"16","author":"M Paiva-Cavalcanti","year":"2010","unstructured":"Paiva-Cavalcanti M, Regis-da-Silva CG, Gomes YM (2010) Comparison of real-time PCR and conventional PCR for detection of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum infection: a mini-review. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 16:537\u2013542. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S1678-91992010000400004","journal-title":"J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis"},{"key":"6654_CR27","unstructured":"Pan American Health Organization\/World Health Organization (PAHO\/WHO) (2019) Leishmaniasis: epidemiological report of the Americas. Leishmaniasis report #7. https:\/\/iris.paho.org\/bitstream\/handle\/10665.2\/50505\/Leishreport2019_eng.pdf?ua=1. Accessed 20 Nov 2019"},{"key":"6654_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2009.05.008","volume":"111","author":"PF Quaresma","year":"2009","unstructured":"Quaresma PF, Murta SMF, de Castro FE et al (2009) Molecular diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis: identification of Leishmania species by PCR-RFLP and quantification of parasite DNA by real-time PCR. Acta Trop 111:289\u2013294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actatropica.2009.05.008","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"6654_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(90)90031-7","volume":"71","author":"MR Rodgers","year":"1990","unstructured":"Rodgers MR, Popper SJ, Wirth DF (1990) Amplification of kinetoplast DNA as a tool in the detection and diagnosis of Leishmania. Exp Parasitol 71:267\u2013275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0014-4894(90)90031-7","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"6654_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.2237.1261","volume":"2","author":"R Ross","year":"1903","unstructured":"Ross R (1903) Note on the bodies recently described by Leishman and Donovan. Br Med J 2:1261\u20131262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.2.2237.1261","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"6654_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Samarth, Jameson PE (2019) Selection of reference genes for flowering pathway analysis in the masting plants, Celmisia lyallii and Chionochloa pallens, under variable environmental conditions. Sci Rep 9:9767. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-45780-1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-45780-1"},{"key":"6654_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.2000.4753","volume":"285","author":"TD Schmittgen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Schmittgen TD, Zakrajsek BA, Mills AG, Gorn V, Singer MJ, Reed MW (2000) Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to study mRNA decay: comparison of endpoint and real-time methods. Anal Biochem 285:194\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/abio.2000.4753","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"6654_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3905","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01465-15","volume":"53","author":"M Sudarshan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sudarshan M, Singh T, Chakravarty J, Sundar S (2015) A correlative study of splenic parasite score and peripheral blood parasite load estimation by quantitative PCR in visceral leishmaniasis. J Clin Microbiol 53:3905\u20133907. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.01465-15","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"6654_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Verma S, Kumar R, Katara GK et al (2010) Quantification of parasite load in clinical samples of leishmaniasis patients: Il-10 level correlates with parasite load in visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS One 5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0010107","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010107"},{"key":"6654_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/s0304-4017(01)00568-4","volume":"101","author":"DS Zarlenga","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zarlenga DS, Higgins J (2001) PCR as a diagnostic and quantitative technique in veterinary parasitology. Vet Parasitol 101:215\u2013230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0304-4017(01)00568-4","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"}],"container-title":["Parasitology Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00436-020-06654-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00436-020-06654-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00436-020-06654-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]],"date-time":"2021-04-13T23:38:27Z","timestamp":1618357107000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00436-020-06654-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["6654"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-020-06654-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0932-0113","1432-1955"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0932-0113","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1955","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 November 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 March 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 April 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was carried out in accordance with protocols approved by the Committee of Ethics in Animal Experimentation of Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Ezequiel Dias (protocol 071\/2015).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}