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To assess the presence and prevalence of this endosymbiont in reptiles and their ectoparasites, blood and tail tissue as well as ticks and mites collected from them were molecularly screened for <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic> DNA using two sets of primers targeting partial 16S rRNA and <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic> surface protein (<jats:italic>wsp<\/jats:italic>) genes. Positive samples were screened for the partial 12S rRNA and cytochrome <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic> oxidase subunit 1 (<jats:italic>cox<\/jats:italic>1) genes for filarioids. Of the different species of lizards (<jats:italic>Podarcis siculus<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> Podarcis muralis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Lacerta bilineata<\/jats:italic>) and snakes (<jats:italic>Elaphe quatuorlineata<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Boa constrictor constrictor<\/jats:italic>) screened from three collection sites, only <jats:italic>P. siculus<\/jats:italic> scored positive for <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic> 16S rRNA. Among ectoparasites collected from reptiles (<jats:italic>Ixodes ricinus<\/jats:italic> ticks and <jats:italic>Neotrombicula autumnalis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Ophionyssus sauracum<\/jats:italic>\u00a0and\u00a0<jats:italic>Ophionyssus natricis<\/jats:italic> mites), <jats:italic>I. ricinus<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094; 2.8%; 95% CI, 0.9\u20137) from <jats:italic>P. siculus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>N. autumnalis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092 each; 2.8%; 95% CI, 0.9\u20136.5) from <jats:italic>P. siculus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>P. muralis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>O. natricis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091; 14.3%; 95% CI, 0.7\u201355.4) from <jats:italic>Boa constrictor constrictor<\/jats:italic> scored positive for <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic> DNA. None of the positive <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic> samples scored positive for filarioids. This represents the first report of <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic> in reptilian hosts and their ectoparasites, which follows a single identification in the intestinal cells of a filarioid associated with a gecko. This data could contribute to better understand the reptile filarioid-<jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic> association and to unveil the evolutionary pattern of <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic> in its filarial host.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-021-07237-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]],"date-time":"2021-07-22T06:02:51Z","timestamp":1626933771000},"page":"3255-3261","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Molecular detection of Wolbachia endosymbiont in reptiles and their ectoparasites"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Ranju Ravindran Santhakumari","family":"Manoj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Stefania","family":"Latrofa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jairo Alfonso","family":"Mendoza-Roldan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7518-476X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domenico","family":"Otranto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"7237_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002749","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002749","volume":"8","author":"R Anuradha","year":"2012","unstructured":"Anuradha R, George PJ, Kumar NP, Fay MP, Kumaraswami V, Nutman TB, Babu S (2012) Circulating microbial products and acute phase proteins as markers of pathogenesis in lymphatic filarial disease. 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