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The parasite is localised in the oesophageal area of its host and mainly infects pigeon and dove species. During the last decade, a host expansion to passerine birds occurred, making the disease a potential threat for passerine predators as na\u00efve host species. Here, we investigated the effect of the parasite on two<jats:italic>Accipiter<\/jats:italic>species in Germany which show a comparable lifestyle but differ in prey choice, the Northern goshawk (<jats:italic>Accipiter gentilis<\/jats:italic>) mainly hunting pigeons and the Eurasian sparrowhawk (<jats:italic>Accipiter nisus<\/jats:italic>) mainly feeding on passerines. We genetically identified the parasite strains using the Fe-Hydrogenase gene as marker locus and compared the incidence of parasite presence and clinical signs of trichomonosis between nestlings of the two<jats:italic>Accipiter<\/jats:italic>species. In total, we identified 14 strains, with nine strains unknown so far. There was a higher strain diversity and prevalence of<jats:italic>Trichomonas<\/jats:italic>spp. in goshawks than sparrowhawks (42.4% vs. 21.2%) whereas sparrowhawks when being infected more often displayed clinical signs of trichomonosis than goshawks (37.1% vs. 6.1%). Even though sparrowhawks were mainly infected with the finch epidemic strain and genetic data indicated some variation between isolates, no correlation with virulence could be detected. All in all, goshawks seem to be better adapted to<jats:italic>Trichomonas i<\/jats:italic>nfections, whereas to sparrowhawks, this is a novel disease with more severe manifestations, from individual morbidity to a higher risk of population decline caused by trichomonosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-021-07299-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,4]],"date-time":"2021-09-04T07:02:41Z","timestamp":1630738961000},"page":"3555-3567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["To get sick or not to get sick\u2014Trichomonas infections in two Accipiter species from Germany"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"120","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2585-4275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela","family":"Merling de Chapa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Auls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Kenntner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4507-5124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver","family":"Krone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"7299_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.05.007","volume":"73","author":"AF Alrefaei","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alrefaei AF, Gerhold RW, Nader JL et al (2019) Improved subtyping affords better discrimination of Trichomonas gallinae strains and suggests hybrid lineages. 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