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In this paper, EPM pharmacokinetics and anthelmintic efficacy previously established in one study with lactating female goats and three studies with male castrated growing dairy breed goats (all with induced mixed adult gastrointestinal nematode parasitism and treated with a single 1-mg\/kg pour-on administration of EPM) were retrospectively evaluated using pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling. The PK-PD analyses between EPM exposure (<jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> and AUC<jats:sub>last<\/jats:sub>) and anthelmintic response (percent efficacy) were performed for lactating female goats only and pooled lactating female and male castrated goats. The <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> and AUC<jats:sub>last<\/jats:sub> showed no significant difference between lactating female goats and combined male castrated goats. PK-PD modeling demonstrated <jats:italic>Trichostrongylus colubriformis<\/jats:italic>, a small-intestine nematode, as a suitable indicator of the EPM nematocidal efficacy. The EC<jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub> values obtained by modeling <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> vs <jats:italic>T. colubriformis<\/jats:italic> were 3.50 and 2.43\u00a0ng\/mL for lactating female goats only and pooled lactating female and male castrated goats, respectively. The values of AUC<jats:sub>last<\/jats:sub> needed for 90% efficacy of <jats:italic>T. colubriformis<\/jats:italic> were 25.4 and 21.1\u00a0day*ng\/mL for lactating female goats only and pooled lactating female and male castrated goats, respectively. Overall, the predicted pharmacological response against <jats:italic>T. colubriformis<\/jats:italic> is similar for lactating goats only and pooled lactating female and male castrated goats and correlates with observed efficacy. In conclusion, a dosage of 1-mg\/kg EPM as a pour-on is sufficient to ensure efficacy against common nematodes in both lactating female and male castrated goats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-022-07483-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,12]],"date-time":"2022-03-12T04:35:25Z","timestamp":1647059725000},"page":"1533-1538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships of pour-on administered eprinomectin in nematode-infected lactating female and male castrated dairy breed goats"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Xiuqing","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5638-0503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valerie","family":"Kvaternick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Rehbein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dietmar","family":"Hamel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"7483_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2004.07.022","volume":"125","author":"C Chartier","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chartier C, Pors I (2004) Duration of activity of topical eprinomectin against experimental infections with Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis in goats. 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The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"EPRINEX\u00ae is a registered trademark of Boehringer Ingelheim. All other marks are property of their respective owners. This document is provided for scientific purposes only. Any reference to a brand or trademark herein is for informational purposes only and is not intended for a commercial purpose or to dilute the rights of the respective owner(s) of the brand(s) or trademark(s).","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclaimer"}}]}}