{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T03:01:46Z","timestamp":1772679706352,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]],"date-time":"2022-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647993600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]],"date-time":"2022-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitol Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-022-07494-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]],"date-time":"2022-03-23T05:02:30Z","timestamp":1648011750000},"page":"1499-1505","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in rock pigeons (Columba livia) in Punjab, Pakistan"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Tayyub","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4281-2659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahzad","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arshad","family":"Javid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Imran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"7494_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-015-0680-2","volume":"40","author":"A Abdoli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abdoli A, Dalimi A, Soltanghoraee H, Ghaffarifar F (2016) Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in house sparrow (Passer domesticus) by LAMP and PCR methods in Tehran. Iran J Parasitol Dis 40:1317\u20131321","journal-title":"Iran J Parasitol Dis"},{"key":"7494_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ali S, Amjad Z, Khan TM, Maalik A, Iftikhar A, Khan I, Ahmed H (2020) Occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and associated risk factors in women in selected districts of Punjab province, Pakistan. Parasitology 1\u20137.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182020000967"},{"key":"7494_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00181","volume":"16","author":"HO Awobode","year":"2020","unstructured":"Awobode HO, Ohiolei JA, Adekeye TA, Adeyi AO, Chiaka I, Anumudu I (2020) Shedding proportion of Toxoplasma gondii-like oocysts in feral cats and soil contamination in Oyo State. Nigeria. Parasite Epidemiol Control 16:e00181","journal-title":"Nigeria. Parasite Epidemiol Control"},{"key":"7494_CR4","first-page":"336","volume-title":"Migrating raptors of the world: their ecology and conservation","author":"KL Bildstein","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bildstein KL (2006) Migrating raptors of the world: their ecology and conservation. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, USA, p 336"},{"key":"7494_CR5","unstructured":"Brooks JE, Ahmad E, Hussain I, Munir S, Khan, AA. (1990) A training manual on vertebrate pest management, PARC Islamabad. ISBN 969\u2013409\u2013064\u20134. p. 5\u20138."},{"key":"7494_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0150249","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0150249","volume":"11","author":"O Cabezon","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cabezon O, Cerda-Cuellar M, Morera V, Garc\u00eda-Bocanegra I, Gonzalez-Sol\u00eds J, Napp S, Ribas MP, Blanch-L\u00e1zaro B, Fern\u00e1ndez-Aguilar X, Antilles N, Lopez-Soria S, Lorca-Oro C, Dubey JP, Almer\u00eda S (2016) Toxoplasma gondii infection in seagull chicks is related to the consumption of freshwater food resources. PLoS ONE 11:e0150249","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"7494_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29549","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029549","volume":"6","author":"O Cabez\u00f3n","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cabez\u00f3n O, Garc\u00eda-Bocanegra I, Molina-L\u00f3pez R, Marco I, Blanco JM, H\u00f6fle U, Margalida A, Bach-Raich E, Darwich L, Echeverr\u00ed I, Ob\u00f3n E (2011) Seropositivity and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection in wild birds from Spain. PLoS ONE 6:e29549","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"7494_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2506.181431","volume":"25","author":"R Calero-Bernal","year":"2019","unstructured":"Calero-Bernal R, Horcajo P, Hern\u00e1ndez M, Ortega-Mora L, Fuentes I (2019) Absence of Neospora caninum DNA in human clinical samples, Spain. Emerg Infect Dis 25:1226\u20131227","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"7494_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1926","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8121926","volume":"8","author":"C Coelho","year":"2020","unstructured":"Coelho C, Vieira-Pinto M, Vilares A, Gargat\u00e9 MJ, Rodrigues M, Cardoso L, Lopes AP (2020) PCR detection of Toxoplasma gondii in European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) from Portugal. Microorganisms 8:1926","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"7494_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-152","volume":"27","author":"W Cong","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cong W, Meng QF, Song HQ, Zhou DH, Huang SY, Qian AD, Su C, Zhu XQ (2014) Seroprevalence and genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii in three species of pet birds in China. Parasites Vectors 27:152","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"7494_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2018.2436","volume":"15","author":"W Cong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cong W, Zhou CX, Chen L, Zou Y, Wang WL, Meng QF, Qian AD (2018) Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in Tolai Hares (Lepus tolai) intended for human consumption in China: seroprevalence, DNA detection, and genotyping. Foodborne Pathog Dis 15:544\u2013547","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"key":"7494_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.07.024","volume":"183","author":"L Darwich","year":"2012","unstructured":"Darwich L, Cabez\u00f3n O, Echeverria I, Pab\u00f3n M, Marco I, MolinaL\u00f3pez R, Alarcia-Alejos O, L\u00f3pez-Gatius F, Lav\u00edn S, Almer\u00eda S (2012) Presence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum DNA in the brain of wild birds. Vet Parasitol 183:377\u2013381","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"7494_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De-Barros LD, Taroda A, Martins TA, Miura AC, de Seixas M, Sammi AS, Sasse JP, Minutti AF, da Cunha IAL, Vidotto O, Garcia JL (2017) Survey of Neospora caninum in eared doves (Zenaida auriculata) in Southern Brazil. Acta Tropica 174:132\u2013135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2017.07.007"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"7494_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.10.006","volume":"175","author":"VY De-Lima","year":"2011","unstructured":"De-Lima VY, Langoni H, da Silva AV, Pezerico SB, de Castro AP, da Silva RC, Ara\u00fajo JP Jr (2011) Chlamydophila psittaci and Toxoplasma gondii infection in pigeons (Columba livia) from S\u00e3o Paulo State. Brazil Vet Parasitol 175(1\u20132):9\u201314","journal-title":"Brazil Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"7494_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2015.09.005","volume":"214","author":"L Du","year":"2015","unstructured":"Du L, Yang D, Zhai T, Gong P, Zhang X, Li J (2015) Detection of Neospora caninum-DNA in brain tissues from pigeons in Changchun, Jilin (China). Vet Parasitol 214:171\u2013173","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"7494_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9043","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-65991-1","volume":"10","author":"PO Duarte","year":"2020","unstructured":"Duarte PO, Oshiro LM, Zimmermann NP, Csordas BG, Dourado DM, Barros JC, Andreotti A (2020) Serological and molecular detection of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in human umbilical cord blood and placental tissue samples. Sci Rep 10:9043","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"7494_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548. 2","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315152561","volume-title":"Neosporosis in animals","author":"JP Dubey","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dubey JP, Hemphill A, Calero-Bernal R, Schares G (2017) Neosporosis in animals. Apple Academic Press, Waretown, NJ, USA, p 548. 2"},{"key":"7494_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420092370","volume-title":"Toxoplasmosis of animals and humans","author":"JP Dubey","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dubey JP (2016) Toxoplasmosis of animals and humans. Apple Academic Press, Waretown, NJ, USA, p 313"},{"key":"7494_CR19","volume-title":"Toxoplasmosis of animals and humans","author":"JP Dubey","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dubey JP (2010) Toxoplasmosis of animals and humans. CRC Press, Boca Raton"},{"key":"7494_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(02)00034-1","volume":"106","author":"JP Dubey","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dubey JP (2002) A review of toxoplasmosis in wild birds. Vet Parasitol 106:121\u2013153","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"7494_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.01.061","volume":"196","author":"X Fern\u00e1ndez-Aguilar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Aguilar X, Alzaga V, Villan\u00faab D, Cabez\u00f3n O, Garc\u00eda-Bocanegra I, Dubey JP, Almer\u00eda S (2013) Epidemiology and prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in the Iberian hare (Lepus granatensis). Vet Parasitol 196:194\u2013198","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"7494_CR22","first-page":"327","volume":"27","author":"FP Ferreira","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ferreira FP, Caldart ET, Freire RL, Mitsuka-Bregan\u00f3 R, Freitas FMD, Miura AC, Mareze M, Martins FDC, Urbano MR, Seifert AL, Navarro IT (2018) The effect of water source and soil supplementation on parasite contamination in organic vegetable gardens. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 27:327\u2013337","journal-title":"Rev Bras Parasitol Vet"},{"key":"7494_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.09.055","volume":"168","author":"LSQ Gondim","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gondim LSQ, Abe-Sandes K, Uzeda RS, Silva MSA, Santos SL, Mota RA, Vilela SMO, Luis FPG (2010) Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in sparrows (Passer domesticus) in the Northeast of Brazil. Vet Parasitol 168:121\u2013124","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"7494_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2012.01462.x","volume":"59","author":"A Hamer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hamer A, Lehrer E, Magle B (2012) Wild birds as sentinels for multiple zoonotic pathogens along an urban to rural gradient in greater Chicago, Illinois. Zoonoses Public Health 59:355\u2013364","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"7494_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(99)00170-8","volume":"30","author":"WL Homan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Homan WL, Vercammen M, De-Braekeleer J, Verschueren H (2000) Identification of a 200-to 300-fold repetitive 529 bp DNA fragment in Toxoplasma gondii, and its use for diagnostic and quantitative PCR. Int J Parasitol 30:69\u201375","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"7494_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-019-1888-7","volume":"15","author":"SY Huang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Huang SY, Fan Y-M, Chen K, Yao Q-X, Yang B (2019) Seroprevalence and risk assessment of Toxoplasma gondii in Java sparrows (Lonchura oryzivora) in China. BMC Vet Res 15:129","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"key":"7494_CR27","first-page":"45","volume":"13","author":"HM Ibrahim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ibrahim HM, Osman GY, Mohamed AH, Al-Selwi AGM, Nishikawa Y, Abdel-Ghaffar F (2018) Toxoplasma gondii: prevalence of natural infection in pigeons and ducks from middle and upper Egypt using serological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical diagnostic methods. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 13:45\u201349","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports"},{"issue":"2","key":"7494_CR28","first-page":"53","volume":"17","author":"JE Kautz","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kautz JE, Seamans TW (1992) Techniques for feral pigeon trapping, tagging and nest monitoring. N Am Bird Bander 17(2):53\u201359","journal-title":"N Am Bird Bander"},{"key":"7494_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0232026","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0232026","volume":"15","author":"MB Khan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khan MB, Khan S, Rafiq K, Khan SN, Attaullah S, Ali I (2020) Molecular identification of Toxoplasma gondii in domesticated and broiler chickens (Gallus domesticus) that possibly augment the pool of human toxoplasmosis. PLoS ONE 15:e0232026","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"7494_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2019.00446","volume":"6","author":"H Lagomarsino","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lagomarsino H, Scioli A, Rodr\u00edguez A, Armendano J, Fiorani F, Bence \u00c1, Garc\u00eda J, Hecker Y, Gual I, Cant\u00f3n G, Ode\u00f3n A, Campero C, Moore D (2019) Controlling endemic Neospora caninum-related abortions in a dairy herd from Argentina. Front Vet Sci 6:446","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"7494_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2019.105044","volume":"197","author":"MT Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu MT, Lv QY, Jiang WX, Li J, Gui BZ, Zheng WB, Zhu XQ, Liu GH (2019) Molecular detection of Neospora caninum from naturally infected four passeriforme birds in China. Acta Trop 197:105044","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"7494_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2017.10.029","volume":"178","author":"R Lukasova","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lukasova R, Kob\u00e9dov\u00e1 K, Halajian A, Bartov\u00e1 E, Murat J-B, Rampedi KM, Wilmien J, Luus-Powell (2018) Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in birds from South Africa. Acta Trop 178:93\u201396","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"7494_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9050336","volume":"9","author":"F Mancianti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mancianti F, Terracciano G, Sorichetti C, Vecchio G, Scarselli D, Perrucci S (2020) Epidemiologic survey on Toxoplasma gondii and Trichinella pseudospiralis infection in corvids from Central Italy. Pathogens 9:336","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"7494_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2011.05.011","volume":"93","author":"R Molina-Lopez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Molina-Lopez R, Cabezon O, Pabon M, Darwich L, Obon E, Lopez-Gatius F, Dubey JP, Almer\u00eda S (2012) High seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in the common raven (Corvus corax) in the Northeast of Spain. Res Vet Sci 93:300\u2013302","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"7494_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens8020058","volume":"8","author":"S Nardoni","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nardoni S, Rocchigiani G, Varvaro I, Altomonte I, Ceccherelli R, Mancianti F (2019) Serological and molecular investigation on Toxoplasma gondii infection in wild birds. Pathogens 8:58","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"7494_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens8040202","volume":"8","author":"S Nardoni","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nardoni S, Poli A, Varvaro I, Rocchigiani G, Ceccherelli R, Mancianti F (2020) Detection of Neospora caninum DNA in wild birds from Italy. Pathogens 8:202","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"7494_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-2863.1","volume":"98","author":"A Nasir","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nasir A, Ashraf M, Khan MS, Javeed A, Yaqub T, Avais M, Reichel MP (2012) Prevalence of Neospora caninum antibodies in sheep and goats in Pakistan. J Parasitol 98:213\u2013215","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"7494_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.29261\/pakvetj\/2018.039","volume":"38","author":"A Nasir","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nasir A, Zaman MA, Shakoor A, Rehman TU, Khan I, Ehtisham-ul-Haque S, Sikandar A, Masood S, Akbar A (2018) Prevalence of Neospora caninum using milk and serum ELISA and its hematological effect in dairy buffaloes. Pak Vet J 38:281\u2013285","journal-title":"Pak Vet J"},{"key":"7494_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.7589\/2017-09-228","volume":"55","author":"A Naveed","year":"2019","unstructured":"Naveed A, Ali S, Ahmed H, Simsek S, Rizwan M, Kaleem I, Gondal MA, Shabbir A, Pervaiz F, Khan MA, Nadeem MS, Afzaal MS, Umar S (2019) Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii in wild birds of Punjab Province, Pakistan. J Wildl Dis 55:129\u2013135","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"7494_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nazir MM, Ayaz MM, Ahmed AN, Maqbool A, Ashraf K, Oneeb M, Yasin G, Subhani A, Ali MA, Nazir N, Sajid MA (2018) Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, and Sarcocystis species DNA in the heart and breast muscles of rock pigeons (Columbia livia). J Parasitol Res 1\u20134.","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6264042"},{"key":"7494_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-017-1300-1","volume":"49","author":"MM Nazir","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nazir MM, Oneeb M, Ayaz MM, Bibi F, Ahmad AN, Waheed A, Sajid MA, Sultan MT, Yasin G, David SL (2017) Prevalence of antibodies to Neospora caninum in the serum of camels (Camelus dromedarius) from central Punjab, Pakistan. Trop Anim Health Prod 49:1081\u20131084","journal-title":"Trop Anim Health Prod"},{"key":"7494_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rend\u00f3n-Franco E, Xicot\u00e9ncatl-Garc\u00eda L, Rico-Torres CP, Mu\u00f1oz-Garc\u00eda CI, Caso-Aguilar A, Suz\u00e1n G, Correa D, Caballero-Ortega H (2014) Toxoplasmosis seroprevalence in wild small rodents, potentially preys of ocelots in north-eastern Mexico. Parasitology 21:57","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2014058"},{"key":"7494_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1645\/16-34","volume":"103","author":"G Rocchigiani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rocchigiani G, Poli A, Nardoni S, Papini R, Mancianti F (2017) Neospora caninum in wild waterfowl: occurrence of parasite DNA and low antibody titers. J Parasitol 103:142\u2013145","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"7494_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2464-2","volume":"10","author":"S Sloan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sloan S, \u0160lapeta J, Jabbar A, Hunnam J, De Groef B, Rawlin G, McCowan C (2017) High seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in dogs in Victoria, Australia, compared to 20 years ago. Parasites Vectors 10:1\u20139","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"7494_CR45","volume-title":"Collins bird guide: the most complete guide to the birds of Britain and Europe","author":"L Svensson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Svensson L, Mullarney K, Zetterstr\u00f6m D, Grant PJ (2009) Collins bird guide: the most complete guide to the birds of Britain and Europe. Harper Collins, New York, NY, USA"},{"key":"7494_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-016-4917-5","volume":"115","author":"J Trivino-Valencia","year":"2016","unstructured":"Trivino-Valencia J, Lora F, Zuluaga JD, Gomez-Marin JE (2016) Detection by PCR of pathogenic protozoa in raw and drinkable water samples in Colombia. Parasitol Res 115:1789\u20131797","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"7494_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2012.01.022","volume":"187","author":"H Waap","year":"2012","unstructured":"Waap H, Cardoso R, Leit\u00e3o A, Nunes T, Vilares A, Gargate MJ, Meireles J, Cortes H, Angelo H (2012) In vitro isolation and seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in stray cats and pigeons in Lisbon, Portugal. Vet Parasitol 187:542\u2013547","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"7494_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2018.03.002","volume":"67","author":"X Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang X, Li J, Gong P, Li X, Zhang L, He B, Xu L, Yang Z, Liuc Q, Zhang X (2018) Detection of Neospora caninum DNA by polymerase chain reaction in bats from Southern China. Parasitol Int 67:389\u2013391","journal-title":"Parasitol Int"},{"key":"7494_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2015.09.015","volume":"87","author":"B Wells","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wells B, Shaw H, Innocent G, Guido S, Hotchkiss E, Parigi M, Opsteegh M, Green J, Gillespie S, Innes EA, Katzer F (2015) Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in water samples from Scotland and a comparison between the 529 bp real-time PCR and ITS1 nested PCR. Water Res 87:175\u2013181","journal-title":"Water Res"},{"key":"7494_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2017.06.026","volume":"243","author":"YD Wu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wu YD, Xu MJ, Wang QQ, Zhou CX, Wang M, Zhu XQ, Zhou DH (2017) Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) combined with lateral flow (LF) strip for detection of Toxoplasma gondii in the environment. Vet Parasitol 243:199\u2013203","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"7494_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.2307\/3284160","volume":"82","author":"M Yamage","year":"1996","unstructured":"Yamage M, Flechtner O, Gottstein B (1996) Neospora caninum: specific oligonucleotide primers for the detection of brain \u201ccyst\u201d DNA of experimentally infected nude mice by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). J Parasitol 82:272\u2013279","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"7494_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2012.1091","volume":"13","author":"ZG Yuan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yuan ZG, Luo S-J, Dubey JP, Zhou DH, Zhu YP, He Y, He XH, Zhang XX, Zhu XQ (2013) Serological evidence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in five species of bats in China. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 13:422\u2013424","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"}],"container-title":["Parasitology Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00436-022-07494-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00436-022-07494-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00436-022-07494-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]],"date-time":"2022-04-08T14:08:38Z","timestamp":1649426918000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00436-022-07494-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["7494"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-022-07494-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0932-0113","1432-1955"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0932-0113","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1955","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 May 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 March 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 March 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in the study were approved by the animal ethics committee of the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore (No. UVAS-135).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}