{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T13:50:27Z","timestamp":1790171427701,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648771200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003852","name":"Regione Campania","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PECC 2016-2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PECC 2016-2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003852","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno","award":["RC 04\/20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC 04\/20"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitol Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract\n<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Eucoleus garfiai<\/jats:italic> (syn. <jats:italic>Capillaria garfiai<\/jats:italic>) is a nematode infecting lingual tissue of domestic and wild swine. Prevalence data for this parasite are scant and often related to accidental findings, occurring only in Japan and a few European countries. In this study, an epidemiological survey was performed in order to identify <jats:italic>E. garfiai<\/jats:italic> in wild boar from the Campania region, southern Italy. A total of 153 wild boar carcasses were inspected over the course of two hunting seasons (2019\u20132020). Histological examinations were performed on tongue samples fixed and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. The scraping of dorsal tongue tissue was carried out to collect adult worms for parasitological examination. Out of 153 wild boars, 40 (26.1%, 95% <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>: 19.8\u201333.6%) tested positive for helminths and\/or eggs in tongue tissues. Parasites were identified morphologically and identification was confirmed by molecular analysis of the 18S rRNA gene, showing a 99% nucleotide match with <jats:italic>E. garfiai<\/jats:italic> sequences available in literature. No statistically significant differences were found according to age, sex nor hunting province. Our findings agree with previous histopathological data confirming the low pathogenic impact of this nematode. The present study represents the first report of <jats:italic>E. garfiai<\/jats:italic> in wild boar from Italy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-022-07505-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T10:57:41Z","timestamp":1648810661000},"page":"1683-1689","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["First description of Eucoleus garfiai (Gallego and Mas-Coma, 1975) in wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Italy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Pacifico","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Francesca","family":"Sgadari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"D\u2019Alessio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8487-1051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Buono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brunella","family":"Restucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Sgroi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Ottaviano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Antoniciello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Fioretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Tamponi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Varcasia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Veneziano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"7505_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1111\/mam.12015","volume":"44","author":"SA Ballari","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ballari SA, Barrios-Garc\u00eda NM (2014) A review of wild boar Sus scrofa diet and factors affecting food selection in native and introduced ranges. Mam Rev 44:124\u2013134","journal-title":"Mam Rev"},{"key":"7505_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.2144\/97234bm04","volume":"23","author":"JL Bell","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bell JL, Grassle JP (1997) Preparation of DNA from numerous individual microscopic organisms for PCR-based assays of environmental samples. Biotechniques 23:584\u2013588","journal-title":"Biotechniques"},{"issue":"4","key":"7505_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-37.4.840","volume":"37","author":"N De-la-Muela","year":"2001","unstructured":"De-la-Muela N, Hern\u00e1ndez-de-Luj\u00e1n S, Ferre I (2001) Helminths of wild boar in Spain. J Wildl Dis 37(4):840\u2013843. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7589\/0090-3558-37.4.840","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"7505_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-5-128","volume":"5","author":"A Di Cesare","year":"2012","unstructured":"Di Cesare A, Castagna G, Meloni S, Otranto D, Traversa D (2012) Mixed trichuroid infestation in a dog from Italy. Parasit Vectors 5:128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1756-3305-5-128","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"issue":"4","key":"7505_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(03)00211-5","volume":"115","author":"IG Fernandez-de-Mera","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fernandez-de-Mera IG, Gortazar C, Vicente J, H\u00f6fle U, Fierro Y (2003) Wild boar helminths: risks in animal translocations. Vet Parasitol 115(4):335\u2013341","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7505_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-003-0976-5","volume":"92","author":"IG Fernandez-de-Mera","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fernandez-de-Mera IG, Vicente J, Gortazar C, H\u00f6fle U, Fierro Y (2004) Efficacy of an in-feed preparation of ivermectin against helminths in the European wild boar. Parasitol Res 92(2):133\u2013136","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"7505_CR7","first-page":"65","volume":"56","author":"D Ferrer","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ferrer D, Castell\u00e0 J (1996) Capillaria garfiai Gallego et Mas-Coma, 1975 (Nematoda: Trichuridae) in a wild boar in Catalonia, Spain. Res Rev Parasitol 56:65\u201367","journal-title":"Res Rev Parasitol"},{"key":"7505_CR8","unstructured":"G\u00e1llego J, Mas-Coma S (1975) Capillaria garfiai n. sp. (Nematoda-Trichuridae), a Par\u00e1sito de la Mucosa Lingual del Jabal\u00ed, Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia-artiodactyla), Vie Et Milieu (2, s\u00e9r. C) 25:237\u2013248 (in Spanish, with English abstract)"},{"key":"7505_CR9","unstructured":"G\u00e1llego J, Rocamov JM, Mas-Coma S (1977) Nuevos datos sobre Capillaria garfiai, Gallego et Mas-Coma, 1975 (Nematoda-Trichuridae), parasite comun del jabal\u00ed en la Peninsula Ib\u00e9rica. Rev Ib\u00e9r Parasitol 37:243\u2013250 (in Spanish, with English abstract)"},{"key":"7505_CR10","unstructured":"Gibbons LM (2000) Keys to the nematode parasite of vertebrates, Supplementary Volume, CAB International, Wallingford"},{"key":"7505_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-005-0022-2","volume":"52","author":"C Gort\u00e1zar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gort\u00e1zar C, Acevedo P, Ruiz-Fons F, Vicente J (2006) Disease risks and overabundance of game species. Eur J Wildl Res 52:81\u201387","journal-title":"Eur J Wildl Res"},{"key":"7505_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-25.3.335","volume":"25","author":"JF Humbert","year":"1989","unstructured":"Humbert JF, Henry C (1989) Studies on the prevalence and the transmission of lung and stomach nematodes of the wild boar (Sus scrofa) in France. J Wildl Dis 25:335\u2013341","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"7505_CR13","unstructured":"L\u00f6wenstein M, Kutzer E (1989) Die Capillarien (Nematoda, Trichuridae) des Wildschweines (Sus scrofa) in Osterreich [Capillaria (Nematoda, Trichuridae) of wild swine (Sus scrofa) in Austria]. Angew Parasitol\u00a030(4):221\u2013237 (in German, with English abstract)"},{"key":"7505_CR14","unstructured":"L\u00f6wenstein M, Kutzer E (1993) Zur Verbreitung und Biologie von Capillaria garfiai aus Sus scrofa [The distribution and biology of Capillaria garfiai from Sus scrofa]. Appl Parasitol\u00a034(1):51\u201362 (in German, with English abstract)"},{"key":"7505_CR15","unstructured":"Massei G, Toso S (1993) Biologia e gestione del cinghiale. Istituto Nazionale per la Fauna Selvatica, Documenti tecnici 5, Bologna"},{"key":"7505_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2019.101972","volume":"73","author":"A Masuda","year":"2019","unstructured":"Masuda A, Kameyama K, Goto M, Narasaki K, Kondo H, Shibuya H, Matsumoto J (2019) Eucoleus garfiai (G\u00e1llego et Mas-Coma, 1975) (Nematoda: Capillariidae) infection in wild boars (Sus scrofa leucomystax) from the Amakusa Islands. Japan Parasitol Int 73:101972. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.parint.2019.101972","journal-title":"Japan Parasitol Int"},{"key":"7505_CR17","first-page":"187","volume":"17","author":"I Moretta","year":"2011","unstructured":"Moretta I, Veronesi F, Di Paola R, Battistacci L, Moretti A (2011) Parasitological survey on wild boar (Sus scrofa) shot in the hunting season 2009\u20132010 in Umbria (central Italy). Large Anim Rev 17:187\u2013192","journal-title":"Large Anim Rev"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"7505_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.02.019","volume":"196","author":"N Navarro-Gonzalez","year":"2013","unstructured":"Navarro-Gonzalez N, Fern\u00e1ndez-Llario P, P\u00e9rez-Mart\u00edn JE, Mentaberre G, L\u00f3pez-Mart\u00edn JM, Lav\u00edn S, Serrano E (2013) Supplemental feeding drives endoparasite infection in wild boar in Western Spain. Vet Parasitol 196(1\u20132):114\u2013123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.02.019","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7505_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-020-00539-x","volume":"62","author":"HH Petersen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Petersen HH, Takeuchi-Storm N, Enemark HL, Nielsen ST, Larsen G, Chri\u00e9l M (2020) Surveillance of important bacterial and parasitic infections in Danish wild boars (Sus scrofa). Acta Vet Scand 62(1):41. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13028-020-00539-x","journal-title":"Acta Vet Scand"},{"key":"7505_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2013.07.007","volume":"157","author":"J Rivero","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rivero J, Hodgkinson SM, L\u00f3pez-Villalobos N (2013) Definition of the breeding goal and determination of breeding objectives for European wildboar (Sus scrofa L.) in a semi-extensive production system. Livest Scie 157:38\u201347","journal-title":"Livest Scie"},{"key":"7505_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2009.07.001","volume":"186","author":"M Santoro","year":"2010","unstructured":"Santoro M, Tripepi M, Kinsella JM, Panebianco A, Mattiucci S (2010) Helminth infestation in birds of prey (Accipitriformes and Falconiformes) in southern Italy. Vet J 186:119\u2013122","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"issue":"4","key":"7505_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.2478\/s11686-019-00110-3","volume":"64","author":"G Sgroi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sgroi G, Varcasia A, Dess\u00ec G, D\u2019Alessio N, Pacifico L, Buono F, Neola B, Fusco G, Santoro M, Toscano V, Fioretti A, Veneziano V (2019) Massive Taenia hydatigena Cysticercosis in a Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) from Italy. Acta Parasitol 64(4):938\u2013941","journal-title":"Acta Parasitol"},{"key":"7505_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-25.2.294","volume":"25","author":"DE Snyder","year":"1989","unstructured":"Snyder DE (1989) New information on the location of Capillaria procyonis (Nematoda: Trichuroidea) in the tongue of a raccoon (Procyon lotor). J Wildl Dis 25:294\u2013296","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"7505_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2021.03.005","volume":"14","author":"N Spieler","year":"2021","unstructured":"Spieler N, Schnyder M (2021) Lungworms (Metastrongylus spp.) and intestinal parasitic stages of two separated Swiss wild boar populations north and south of the Alps: Similar parasite spectrum with regional idiosyncrasies. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 14:202\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2021.03.005","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl"}],"container-title":["Parasitology Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00436-022-07505-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00436-022-07505-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00436-022-07505-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]],"date-time":"2022-07-15T04:10:06Z","timestamp":1657858206000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00436-022-07505-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["7505"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-022-07505-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0932-0113","1432-1955"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0932-0113","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1955","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 November 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 March 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 April 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 July 2022","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Missing Open Access funding information has been added in the Funding Note.","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}