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The infection has been linked to variable inflammatory effects including neuroinflammation. Biochanin A (BCA) is an isoflavone, known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. In this study, we examined the effect of BCA on the brain and liver inflammatory lesions in a murine model with chronic toxoplasmosis. Mice were divided in to six groups: non-infected control, non-infected BCA-treated, and four infected groups with<jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>gondii<\/jats:italic>Me49-type II cystogenic strain: infected control, BCA (50\u00a0mg\/kg\/day)-treated, combined BCA\/cotrimoxazole-treated and cotrimoxazole (370\u00a0mg\/kg\/day) alone-treated. Gene expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1, interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR in the brain and liver tissues. In the infected control group, an upregulation of TNF-\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b2 mRNA expression levels was found. However, a downregulation of iNOS expression was detected in the brain of infected control mice. In both BCA- and combined-treated groups, the brain and liver tissues showed significantly reduced inflammatory lesions compared to the infected control mice with inhibited TNF-\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b2 mRNA levels. The iNOS expression levels in the brain tissues of BCA group were significantly higher than the levels of the infected control group. BCA alone or combined significantly reduced<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>cyst count in the brain tissues. In conclusion, the anti-inflammatory activity of BCA was demonstrated in the brain tissues of mice with chronic toxoplasmosis with decreased TNF-\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b2 expression levels and increased iNOS expression levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-022-07571-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T03:29:11Z","timestamp":1655436551000},"page":"2405-2414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Activity of isoflavone biochanin A in chronic experimental toxoplasmosis: impact on inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Wafaa A.","family":"Aboukamar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abeer A.","family":"Elhenawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manar S.","family":"Elmehankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manal A.","family":"Elzoheiry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randa","family":"El-Gamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lamiaa M.","family":"Elabbasy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heba","family":"Hany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5294-7480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nairmen","family":"Nabih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"7571_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01690096","volume":"15","author":"FG Araujo","year":"1996","unstructured":"Araujo FG, Suzuki Y, Remington JS (1996) Use of rifabutin in combination with atovaquone, clindamycin, pyrimethamine, or sulfadiazine for treatment of toxoplasmic encephalitis in mice. 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