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This study investigated the prevalence of <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> infection in a population of beef cattle at three different stages of their productive lifespan and examined the impact of <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> serological status on blood parameters. A commercial beef fattening unit in Italy was the setting for this research, which involved a biosecurity assessment upon cattle arrival, blood sampling at three time points and <jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic>-specific serological testing using indirect fluorescent antibody tests (IFAT). Results revealed a dynamic pattern of <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> seropositivity in cattle, with an initial prevalence of 30.6% at arrival (T0) that increased to 44.6% at 14\u00a0days (T1) and then decreased slightly to 39.3% at slaughter after 5\u00a0months (T2). Interestingly, seroconversion was observed during the study, indicating ongoing infections, and antibody waning occurred in some animals. In terms of blood parameters, seropositive cattle exhibited significantly lower mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and a higher neutrophil\u2013lymphocyte (N\/L) ratio, suggesting an activation of the innate immune response. Furthermore, cattle with higher antibody titres displayed higher neutrophil counts. However, all blood parameters with a statistical significance were within the reference range. This study provides for the first time a longitudinal investigation on the serological status for <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> in naturally exposed beef cattle. These findings provide valuable insights into the clinico-pathological aspects of natural <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> exposure in cattle and underscore the importance of monitoring and managing <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> infection in livestock production systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-024-08189-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]],"date-time":"2024-03-23T07:10:03Z","timestamp":1711177803000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Observational longitudinal study on Toxoplasma gondii infection in fattening beef cattle: serology and associated haematological findings"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7378-8650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo M.","family":"Dini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6438-7975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana G. 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