{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T01:32:05Z","timestamp":1780363925777,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research and Researchers for Industries, co-funded by Navi Science Co, Ltd. and Research Unit for Vaccine and Diagnosis of Parasitic Diseases, Burapha University, Thailand","award":["PHD61I0045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PHD61I0045"]}]},{"name":"Research and Researchers for Industries, co-funded by Navi Science Co, Ltd. and Research Unit for Vaccine and Diagnosis of Parasitic Diseases, Burapha University, Thailand","award":["PHD61I0045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PHD61I0045"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitol Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-025-08499-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T08:37:34Z","timestamp":1746779854000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Construction, expression, and characterization of scFv fragment against Fasciola gigantica cathepsin L1H"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Phawiya","family":"Suksomboon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Komsil","family":"Rattanasroi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Supawadee","family":"Osotprasit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Supanan","family":"Chansap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Apichai","family":"Prachasuphap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panadda","family":"Dhepakson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pornanan","family":"Kueakhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narin","family":"Changklungmoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"8499_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/980250","volume":"2012","author":"ZA Ahmad","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ahmad ZA, Yeap SK, Ali AM, Ho WY, Alitheen NB, Hamid M (2012) scFv antibody: principles and clinical application. Clin Dev Immunol 2012. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/980250","journal-title":"Clin Dev Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"8499_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/s0009-9120(02)00343-0","volume":"35","author":"HM Azzazy","year":"2002","unstructured":"Azzazy HM, Highsmith WE Jr (2002) Phage display technology: clinical applications and recent innovations. Clin Biochem 35(6):425\u2013445. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0009-9120(02)00343-0","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"8499_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Backhaus O (2018) Generation of antibody diversity. Antibody engineering. InTech.","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.72818"},{"key":"8499_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bazan J, Calkosinski I, Gamian A (2012) Phage display--a powerful technique for immunotherapy: 1. Introduction and potential of therapeutic applications. Hum Vaccin Immunother 8(12):1817\u20131828. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4161\/hv.21703","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.21703"},{"issue":"3","key":"8499_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1021\/bp070011x","volume":"23","author":"PG Blommel","year":"2007","unstructured":"Blommel PG, Becker KJ, Duvnjak P, Fox BG (2007) Enhanced bacterial protein expression during auto-induction obtained by alteration of lac repressor dosage and medium composition. Biotechnol Prog 23(3):585\u2013598. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/bp070011x","journal-title":"Biotechnol Prog"},{"key":"8499_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-992-5_20","volume":"1131","author":"E Bujak","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bujak E, Matasci M, Neri D, Wulhfard S (2014) Reformatting of scFv antibodies into the scFv-Fc format and their downstream purification. Methods Mol Biol 1131:315\u2013334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-62703-992-5_20","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8499_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1996.0241","volume":"238","author":"JB Burritt","year":"1996","unstructured":"Burritt JB, Bond CW, Doss KW, Jesaitis AJ (1996) Filamentous phage display of oligopeptide libraries. Anal Biochem 238(1):1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/abio.1996.0241","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"8499_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2335","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-014-3888-7","volume":"113","author":"N Changklungmoa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Changklungmoa N, Kueakhai P, Apisawetakan S, Riengrojpitak S, Sobhon P, Chaithirayanon K (2014) Identification and expression of Fasciola gigantica thioredoxin. Parasitol Res 113:2335\u20132343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-014-3888-7","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"8499_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3487","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-018-6046-9","volume":"117","author":"N Changklungmoa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Changklungmoa N, Chaithirayanon K, Cheukamud W, Chaiwichien A, Osotprasit S, Samrit T, Sobhon P, Kueakhai P (2018) Expression and characterization of glutathione peroxidase of the liver fluke. Fasciola Gigantica Parasitol Res 117(11):3487\u20133495. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-018-6046-9","journal-title":"Fasciola Gigantica Parasitol Res"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"8499_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1159\/000077727","volume":"25","author":"K Chester","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chester K, Pedley B, Tolner B, Violet J, Mayer A, Sharma S, Boxer G, Green A, Nagl S, Begent R (2004) Engineering antibodies for clinical applications in cancer. Tumour Biol 25(1\u20132):91\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000077727","journal-title":"Tumour Biol"},{"key":"8499_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2024.110254","volume":"321","author":"W Cheukamud","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cheukamud W, Chansap S, Rattanasroi K, Changklungmoa N, Kueakhai P (2024) Construction and mouse antibody response evaluation of juvenile stage-specific chimeric protein from Fasciola gigantica. Parasitol Res 321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetpar.2024.110254","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"8499_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1016\/s0020-7519(03)00171-1","volume":"33","author":"JP Dalton","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dalton JP, Neill SO, Stack C, Collins P, Walshe A, Sekiya M, Doyle S, Mulcahy G, Hoyle D, Khaznadji E, Moir\u00e9 N, Brennan G, Mousley A, Kreshchenko N, Maule AG, Donnelly SM (2003) Fasciola hepatica cathepsin L-like proteases: biology, function, and potential in the development of first generation liver fluke vaccines. Int J Parasitol 33(11):1173\u20131181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0020-7519(03)00171-1","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"8499_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00395","volume":"9","author":"S D'Angelo","year":"2018","unstructured":"D\u2019Angelo S, Ferrara F, Naranjo L, Erasmus MF, Hraber P, Bradbury ARM (2018) Many routes to an antibody heavy-chain CDR3: necessary, yet insufficient, for specific binding. Front Immunol 9:395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00395","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"8499_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-022-00921-2","volume":"6","author":"T Flisikowska","year":"2022","unstructured":"Flisikowska T, Egli J, Flisikowski K, Stumbaum M, Kung E, Ebeling M, Schmucki R, Georges G, Singer T, Kurome M, Kessler B, Zakhartchenko V, Wolf E, Weber F, Schnieke A, Iglesias A (2022) A humanized minipig model for the toxicological testing of therapeutic recombinant antibodies. Nat Biomed Eng 6(11):1248\u20131256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41551-022-00921-2","journal-title":"Nat Biomed Eng"},{"key":"8499_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fox BG, Blommel PG (2009) Autoinduction of protein expression. Curr Protoc Protein Sci, Chapter 5, 5.23.21\u201325.23.18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/0471140864.ps0523s56","DOI":"10.1002\/0471140864.ps0523s56"},{"issue":"5","key":"8499_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.260350504","volume":"35","author":"KK Frame","year":"1990","unstructured":"Frame KK, Hu WS (1990) The loss of antibody productivity in continuous culture of hybridoma cells. Biotechnol Bioeng 35(5):469\u2013476. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bit.260350504","journal-title":"Biotechnol Bioeng"},{"key":"8499_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-4-39","volume":"4","author":"P Galeffi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Galeffi P, Lombardi A, Pietraforte I, Novelli F, Di Donato M, Sperandei M, Tornamb\u00e9 A, Fraioli R, Martayan A, Natali PG, Benevolo M, Mottolese M, Ylera F, Cantale C, Giacomini P (2006) Functional expression of a single-chain antibody to ErbB-2 in plants and cell-free systems. J Transl Med 4:39. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1479-5876-4-39","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"8499_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1186\/s13568-020-01063-x","volume":"10","author":"E Ghamghami","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ghamghami E, Abri Aghdam M, Tohidkia MR, Ahmadikhah A, Khanmohammadi M, Mehdipour T, Mokhtarzadeh A, Baradaran B (2020) Optimization of Tris\/EDTA\/sucrose (TES) periplasmic extraction for the recovery of functional scFv antibodies. AMB Express 10(1):129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13568-020-01063-x","journal-title":"AMB Express"},{"issue":"6","key":"8499_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00458a002","volume":"29","author":"R Glockshuber","year":"1990","unstructured":"Glockshuber R, Malia M, Pfitzinger I, Pluckthun A (1990) A comparison of strategies to stabilize immunoglobulin Fv-fragments. Biochemistry 29(6):1362\u20131367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/bi00458a002","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"8499_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.3109\/07388551.2015.1084264","volume":"36","author":"SK Gupta","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gupta SK, Shukla P (2016) Advanced technologies for improved expression of recombinant proteins in bacteria: perspectives and applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 36(6):1089\u20131098. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/07388551.2015.1084264","journal-title":"Crit Rev Biotechnol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8499_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v8.i2.258","volume":"8","author":"FT He","year":"2002","unstructured":"He FT, Nie YZ, Chen BJ, Qiao TD, Fan DM, Li RF, Kang YS, Zhang Y (2002) Expression and identification of recombinant soluble single-chain variable fragment of monoclonal antibody MC3. World J Gastroenterol 8(2):258\u2013262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v8.i2.258","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"25","key":"8499_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9637","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0603653103","volume":"103","author":"M Ho","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ho M, Nagata S, Pastan I (2006) Isolation of anti-CD22 Fv with high affinity by Fv display on human cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103(25):9637\u20139642. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0603653103","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"4","key":"8499_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI34261","volume":"118","author":"PJ Hotez","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hotez PJ, Brindley PJ, Bethony JM, King CH, Pearce EJ, Jacobson J (2008) Helminth infections: the great neglected tropical diseases. J Clin Invest 118(4):1311\u20131321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI34261","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"5","key":"8499_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/s0952-7915(99)00013-8","volume":"11","author":"PJ Hudson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hudson PJ (1999) Recombinant antibody constructs in cancer therapy. Curr Opin Immunol 11(5):548\u2013557. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0952-7915(99)00013-8","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"8499_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kataoka K, Takasu A (2021) IPTG-independent autoinduction of extracellular matrix proteins using recombinant E. coli as the expression host. Polymer Journal 53(2):385\u2013391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41428-020-00411-9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41428-020-00411-9"},{"issue":"5517","key":"8499_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1038\/256495a0","volume":"256","author":"G Kohler","year":"1975","unstructured":"Kohler G, Milstein C (1975) Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity. Nature 256(5517):495\u2013497. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/256495a0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"8499_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2839","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2021.1996520","volume":"12","author":"R Lalor","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lalor R, Cwiklinski K, Calvani NED, Dorey A, Hamon S, Corrales JL, Dalton JP, De Marco Verissimo C (2021) Pathogenicity and virulence of the liver flukes Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica that cause the zoonosis fasciolosis. Virulence 12(1):2839\u20132867. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21505594.2021.1996520","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"issue":"12","key":"8499_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4459","DOI":"10.1021\/cr0101656","volume":"102","author":"F Lecaille","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lecaille F, Kaleta J, Br\u00f6mme D (2002) Human and parasitic papain-like cysteine proteases: their role in physiology and pathology and recent developments in inhibitor design. Chem Rev 102(12):4459\u20134488. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/cr0101656","journal-title":"Chem Rev"},{"key":"8499_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ledsgaard L, Kilstrup M, Karatt-Vellatt A, McCafferty J, Laustsen AH (2018) Basics of antibody phage display technology. Toxins (Basel) 10(6). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/toxins10060236","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10060236"},{"key":"8499_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leger OJP, Saldanhat JW (2000) Preparation of recombinant antibodies from immune rodent spleens and the design of their humanization by CDR grafting. In P. Shepherd & P. Shepherd (Eds.), Monoclonal antibodies: a practical approach (pp. 0): Oxford University Press.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780199637232.003.0002"},{"issue":"13","key":"8499_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biochem.9b00037","volume":"58","author":"A Luthra","year":"2019","unstructured":"Luthra A, Langley DB, Schofield P, Jackson J, Abdelatti M, Rouet R, Nevoltris D, Mazigi O, Crossett B, Christie M, Christ D (2019) Human antibody bispecifics through phage display selection. Biochemistry 58(13):1701\u20131704. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.biochem.9b00037","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"8499_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2024.107199","volume":"254","author":"P Martviset","year":"2024","unstructured":"Martviset P, Thanongsaksrikul J, Geadkaew-Krenc A, Chaimon S, Glab-Ampai K, Chaibangyang W, Sornchuer P, Srimanote P, Ruangtong J, Prathaphan P, Taechadamrongtham T, Torungkitmangmi N, Sanannam B, Gordon CN, Thongsepee N, Pankao V, Chantree P (2024) Production and immunological characterization of the novel single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies against the epitopes on Opisthorchis viverrini cathepsin F (OvCatF). Acta Trop 254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actatropica.2024.107199","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"8499_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mas-Coma S, Valero MA, Bargues MD (2009) Chapter 2. Fasciola, lymnaeids and human fascioliasis, with a global overview on disease transmission, epidemiology, evolutionary genetics, molecular epidemiology and control. Adv Parasitol 69:41\u2013146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0065-308X(09)69002-3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(09)69002-3"},{"key":"8499_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Miguel CB, Levenhagen MA, Costa-Cruz JM, Goulart LR, Alves PT, Ueira-Vieira C, Brito PKMO, Gomes AO, Lazo-Chica JE, Oliveira CJF, Rodrigues WF (2020) scFv against HSP60 of Strongyloides sp. and its application in the evaluation of parasite frequency in the elderly. Dis Markers 2020:4086929. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/4086929","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/4086929"},{"key":"8499_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2019.107737","volume":"205","author":"LJ Norbury","year":"2019","unstructured":"Norbury LJ, Basalaj K, Baska P, Zawistowska-Deniziak A, Kalinowska A, Wilkowski P, Weso\u0142owska A, Wedrychowicz H (2019) Generation of a single-chain variable fragment phage display antibody library from naive mice panned against Fasciola hepatica antigens. Exp Parasitol 205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exppara.2019.107737","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"8499_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2019.02.001","volume":"198","author":"LJ Norbury","year":"2019","unstructured":"Norbury LJ, Basalaj K, Baska P, Kalinowska A, Zawistowska-Deniziak A, Yap HY, Wilkowski P, Weso\u0142owska A, Wedrychowicz H (2019) Construction of a novel phage display antibody library against Fasciola hepatica, and generation of a single-chain variable fragment specific for F. hepatica cathepsin L1. Exp Parasitol 198:87\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exppara.2019.02.001","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"8499_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7447-4_2","volume":"1701","author":"N Omar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Omar N, Lim TS (2018) Construction of naive and immune human Fab phage-display library. Methods Mol Biol 1701:25\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-7447-4_2","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8499_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2015.07.005","volume":"167","author":"K Ossysek","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ossysek K, Uchanski T, Kulesza M, Bzowska M, Klaus T, Wos K, Madej M, Bereta J (2015) A new expression vector facilitating production and functional analysis of scFv antibody fragments selected from Tomlinson I+J phagemid libraries. Immunol Lett 167(2):95\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.imlet.2015.07.005","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"8499_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043214","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1043214","volume":"13","author":"H Raeisi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Raeisi H, Azimirad M, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Yadegar A, Zali MR (2022) Rapid-format recombinant antibody-based methods for the diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile infection: recent advances and perspectives. Front Microbiol 13:1043214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1043214","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8499_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1006\/prep.1999.1191","volume":"18","author":"B Reavy","year":"2000","unstructured":"Reavy B, Ziegler A, Diplexcito J, Macintosh SM, Torrance L, Mayo M (2000) Expression of functional recombinant antibody molecules in insect cell expression systems. Protein Expr Purif 18(2):221\u2013228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/prep.1999.1191","journal-title":"Protein Expr Purif"},{"key":"8499_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Roth DB (2014) V(D)J Recombination: mechanism, errors, and fidelity. Microbiol Spectr 2(6). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/microbiolspec.MDNA3-0041-2014","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.MDNA3-0041-2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"8499_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2013.06.013","volume":"128","author":"V Sansri","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sansri V, Changklungmoa N, Chaichanasak P, Sobhon P, Meemon K (2013) Molecular cloning, characterization and functional analysis of a novel juvenile-specific cathepsin L of Fasciola gigantica. Acta Trop 128(1):76\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actatropica.2013.06.013","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"issue":"13","key":"8499_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.02.010","volume":"33","author":"V Sansri","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sansri V, Meemon K, Changklungmoa N, Kueakhai P, Chantree P, Chaichanasak P, Lorsuwannarat N, Itagaki T, Sobhon P (2015) Protection against Fasciola gigantica infection in mice by vaccination with recombinant juvenile-specific cathepsin L. Vaccine 33(13):1596\u20131601. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.02.010","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"8499_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schaefer J, Honegger A, Pl\u00fcckthun A (2010) Construction of scFv fragments from hybridoma or spleen cells by PCR assembly. In (Vol. 1, pp. 21\u201344).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-01144-3_3"},{"key":"8499_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.10.040192.002043","volume":"10","author":"DG Schatz","year":"1992","unstructured":"Schatz DG, Oettinger MA, Schlissel MS (1992) V(D)J recombination: molecular biology and regulation. Annu Rev Immunol 10:359\u2013383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.iy.10.040192.002043","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8499_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1517\/14712598.3.2.305","volume":"3","author":"C Souriau","year":"2003","unstructured":"Souriau C, Hudson PJ (2003) Recombinant antibodies for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 3(2):305\u2013318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1517\/14712598.3.2.305","journal-title":"Expert Opin Biol Ther"},{"key":"8499_CR47","unstructured":"Spithill TW, Smooker PM, Copeman DB (1999) \u201cFasciola gigantica\u201d: epidemiology, control, immunology and molecular biology."},{"issue":"1","key":"8499_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-1759(97)00057-4","volume":"205","author":"DJ Turner","year":"1997","unstructured":"Turner DJ, Ritter MA, George AJ (1997) Importance of the linker in expression of single-chain Fv antibody fragments: optimisation of peptide sequence using phage display technology. J Immunol Methods 205(1):43\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-1759(97)00057-4","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"8499_CR49","first-page":"240","volume":"3","author":"L Wang","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wang L, Yu M, Eaton B (1995) Epitope mapping and engineering using phage display technology. Asian Pac J Mol Biol Biotechnol 3:240\u2013258","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Mol Biol Biotechnol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8499_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-014-4170-8","volume":"114","author":"S Wongwairot","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wongwairot S, Kueakhai P, Changklungmoa N, Jaikua W, Sansri V, Meemon K, Songkoomkrong S, Riengrojpitak S, Sobhon P (2015) Monoclonal antibody against recombinant Fasciola gigantica cathepsin L1H could detect juvenile and adult cathepsin Ls of Fasciola gigantica. Parasitol Res 114(1):133\u2013140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-014-4170-8","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"8499_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xiong H, Li S, Yang Z, Burgess RR, Dynan WS (2009) E. coli expression of a soluble, active single-chain antibody variable fragment containing a nuclear localization signal. Protein Expr Purif 66(2):172\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pep.2009.03.002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pep.2009.03.002"},{"key":"8499_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yang N, Matthew MA, Yao C (2023) Roles of cysteine proteases in biology and pathogenesis of parasites. Microorganisms 11(6). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms11061397","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11061397"},{"issue":"1","key":"8499_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1089\/mab.2012.0089","volume":"32","author":"Q Zhu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhu Q, Guo D, Feng L, Sun D (2013) Expression and purification of the scFv from hybridoma cells secreting a monoclonal antibody against S protein of PEDV. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 32(1):41\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/mab.2012.0089","journal-title":"Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother"}],"container-title":["Parasitology Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00436-025-08499-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00436-025-08499-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00436-025-08499-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T15:01:59Z","timestamp":1748962919000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00436-025-08499-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["8499"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-025-08499-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0932-0113","1432-1955"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0932-0113","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1955","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Biosafety Board of Burapha University (IBC 020\/2564) and Burapha University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC 001\/2565).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"51"}}