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Consumption of raw or undercooked fish may therefore represent a potential risk to consumers. This study aimed to investigate the presence of\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    DNA in marine fish from the Tunisian coast and to assess their potential role as indicators of environmental contamination. A total of 559 specimens, representing 32 species, were collected and grouped into 100 pooled samples by species. Tissue samples (gills, skin\/muscle, and intestine) were analyzed using real-time PCR. Overall, 16% (16\/100) of pooled samples were tested positive for\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , involving 13 fish species. Positive detections were observed in both wild and farmed fish, including caged\n                    <jats:italic>Sparus aurata<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Gill tissues showed the highest frequency of detection (9\/16), followed by lower detection rates in skin\/muscle (4\/16) and intestinal (3\/16) samples. Demersal species showed the highest number of positive pools, followed by pelagic and benthopelagic specimens. However, Carnivorous fish showed higher detection rates (36%) compared to omnivorous (31.6%) and herbivorous species (14.3%). This survey provides the first molecular evidence of\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    in marine fish from Tunisia and highlights the potential role of certain species as indicators of environmental contamination and passive carriers of this parasite within marine ecosystems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-026-08714-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T16:44:13Z","timestamp":1782233053000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in marine fish from Tunisia: First report in the Southern Mediterranean Sea"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"125","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6143-8212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghozzi","family":"Khemissa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibtissem","family":"Lahmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Maria Fausta","family":"Marino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Aparo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafika","family":"Challouf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rym Ben","family":"Dhiab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raja Cha\u00e2bane","family":"Banaoues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Najoua","family":"Haouas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"8714_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.70729\/ijser15875","author":"A Aakool","year":"2016","unstructured":"\u00a0Aakool A, Abidali S (2016) Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in native freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio in Wasit Province, Iraq. 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Fish samples were obtained from commercial catches and\/or fish markets, and no live animal experimentation was performed. Therefore, formal ethical approval was not required.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics, consent to participate, and consent to publish","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"107"}}