{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T05:06:58Z","timestamp":1768367218338,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768262400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hum. Genet."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-025-02803-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T10:35:55Z","timestamp":1768300555000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genetic landscape of male infertility: chromosomal abnormalities and Y chromosome microdeletions in a Turkish cohort (1 314 Cases)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4314-4639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T\u00fclay","family":"Tos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tufan","family":"\u00c7i\u00e7ek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3102-7858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aida Nurul","family":"Barokah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3682-2140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arslan","family":"Bayram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1011-3848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaprak","family":"\u00dcst\u00fcn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7183-4246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramazan Erda","family":"Pay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2803_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1002\/JCLA.20216","volume":"22","author":"S Abid","year":"2008","unstructured":"Abid S, Maitra A, Meherji P, Patel Z, Kadam S, Shah J, Shah R, Kulkarni V, Baburao V, Gokral J (2008) Clinical and laboratory evaluation of idiopathic male infertility in a secondary referral center in India. J Clin Lab Anal 22(1):29\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/JCLA.20216","journal-title":"J Clin Lab Anal"},{"issue":"1","key":"2803_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)52752-4","volume":"128","author":"L Abramsson","year":"1982","unstructured":"Abramsson L, Beckman G, Duchek M, Nordenson I (1982) Chromosomal aberrations and male infertility. J Urol 128(1):52\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)52752-4","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2803_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13402","DOI":"10.1111\/AND.13402","volume":"51","author":"U Abur","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abur U, Gunes S, Asc\u0131 R, Altundag E, Akar OS, Ayas B, Alpaslan K, M., Ogur G (2019) Chromosomal and Y-chromosome microdeletion analysis in 1,300 infertile males and the fertility outcome of patients with AZFc microdeletions. Andrologia 51(11):e13402. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/AND.13402","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"issue":"5","key":"2803_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.5152\/TUD.2018.73669","volume":"44","author":"EC Ak\u0131nsal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ak\u0131nsal EC, Baydilli N, D\u00fcndar M, Ekmek\u00e7io\u011flu O (2018) The frequencies of y chromosome microdeletions in infertile males. Turkish J Urol 44(5):389\u2013392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5152\/TUD.2018.73669","journal-title":"Turkish J Urol"},{"key":"2803_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.24898\/tandro.2023.79058","volume":"25","author":"\u00d6 Balasar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Balasar \u00d6, Bar\u0131\u015f S (2023) Frequency of Y-chromosome microdeletion in primary infertile men. Androl Bul 25:154\u2013158 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24898\/tandro.2023.79058","journal-title":"Androl Bul"},{"issue":"2","key":"2803_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.3109\/14647273.2012.685923","volume":"15","author":"S Cavkaytar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cavkaytar S, Batioglu S, Gunel M, Ceylaner S, Karaer A (2012) Genetic evaluation of severe male factor infertility in turkey: A cross-sectional study. Hum Fertility 15(2):100\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/14647273.2012.685923","journal-title":"Hum Fertility"},{"key":"2803_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chandley AC (1979) The chromosomal basis of human infertility. Br Med Bull 35(2):181\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a071567","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a071567"},{"key":"2803_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Colaco S, Modi D (2018) Genetics of the human Y chromosome and its association with male infertility. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 16:1\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/S12958-018-0330-5","DOI":"10.1186\/S12958-018-0330-5"},{"issue":"2","key":"2803_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00286660","volume":"65","author":"J Egozcue","year":"1983","unstructured":"Egozcue J, Templado C, Vidal F, Navarro J, Morer-Fargas F, Marina S (1983) Meiotic studies in a series of 1100 infertile and sterile males. Hum Genet 65(2):185\u2013188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00286660","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"2803_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.12669\/PJMS.39.3.7003","volume":"39","author":"V Emirdar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Emirdar V, Acet F (2023) The the effect of azoospermia factor microdeletions on intracytoplasmic sperm injection results in azoospermia patients. Pakistan J Med Sci 39(3):672\u2013676. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12669\/PJMS.39.3.7003","journal-title":"Pakistan J Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"2803_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1093\/HUMREP\/13.2.302","volume":"13","author":"C Foresta","year":"1998","unstructured":"Foresta C, Ferlin A, Garolla A, Moro E, Pistorello M, Barbaux S, Rossato M (1998) High frequency of well-defined Y-chromosome deletions in idiopathic Sertoli cell-only syndrome. Hum Reprod 13(2):302\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/HUMREP\/13.2.302","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"1","key":"2803_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.33631\/SABD.1054912","volume":"12","author":"A Gezdirici","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gezdirici A, \u00dcnal I, Er\u00f6z R, Y\u0131lmaz E, G\u00fcle\u00e7 Y, Ayaz \u0130O, \u00c7i\u00e7ek G (2022) Comparative analysis of Spermiogram, hormonal profile and genetic analysis results in patients applying with male infertility: A single center experience. Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bilimlerinde De\u011fer 12(1):15\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33631\/SABD.1054912","journal-title":"Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bilimlerinde De\u011fer"},{"issue":"7","key":"2803_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1464-410X.1975.TB04074.X","volume":"47","author":"WF Hendry","year":"1975","unstructured":"Hendry WF, Polani PE, Pugh RCB, Sommerville IF, Wallace DM (1975) 200 infertile males: correlation of chromosome, histological, endocrine and clinical studies. Br J Urol 47(7):899\u2013908. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/J.1464-410X.1975.TB04074.X","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2803_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-011-9633-6","volume":"28","author":"SE Hofherr","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hofherr SE, Wiktor AE, Kipp BR, Dawson DB, Van Dyke DL (2011) Clinical diagnostic testing for the cytogenetic and molecular causes of male infertility: the Mayo clinic experience. J Assist Reprod Genet 28(11):1091\u20131098. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10815-011-9633-6","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"2803_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1038\/183302a0","volume":"183","author":"PA Jacobs","year":"1959","unstructured":"Jacobs PA, Strong JA (1959) A case of human intersexuality having a possible XXY Sex-Determining mechanism. Nature 183:302\u2013303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/183302a0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2803_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.31362\/PATD.855716","volume":"14","author":"B KaraerD, \u015eahino\u011flu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Karaer D,\u015eahino\u011flu B, G\u00fcrler A, Karaer K (2021) Karyotype analysis and Y chromosome microdeletion analysis results in infertile male patients. Pamukkale T\u0131p Derg 14:620\u2013625 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31362\/PATD.855716","journal-title":"Pamukkale T\u0131p Derg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2803_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1300\/J036V08N02_03","volume":"8","author":"PJ Kleinplatz","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kleinplatz PJ (1999) Infertility, experientially oriented couples therapy and subsequent pregnancy. J Couples Therapy 8(2):17\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1300\/J036V08N02_03","journal-title":"J Couples Therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"2803_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1399-0004.1974.TB01673.X","volume":"5","author":"L Koulischer","year":"1974","unstructured":"Koulischer L, Schoysman R (1974) Chromosomes and human infertility. I. Mitotic and meiotic chromosome studies in 202 consecutive male patients. Clin Genet 5(2):116\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/J.1399-0004.1974.TB01673.X","journal-title":"Clin Genet"},{"key":"2803_CR22","first-page":"81","volume":"30","author":"L Koulischer","year":"1982","unstructured":"Koulischer L, Schoysman R, Gillerot Y (1982) Chromosomes m\u00e9iotiques et infertilit\u00e9 masculine: \u00e9valuation des r\u00e9sultats [Meiotic chromosomes and masculine infertility: evaluation of results]. J denetique Hum 30:81\u201399","journal-title":"J De Denetique Humaine"},{"issue":"7","key":"2803_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1093\/HUMREP\/15.7.1431","volume":"15","author":"C Krausz","year":"2000","unstructured":"Krausz C, Quintana-Murci L, McElreavey K (2000) Prognostic value of Y deletion analysis: What is the clinical prognostic value of Y chromosome microdeletion analysis? Hum Reprod 15(7):1431\u20131434. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/HUMREP\/15.7.1431","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"4","key":"2803_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/S1472-6483(10)60121-6","volume":"18","author":"Y Kumtepe","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kumtepe Y, Beyazyurek C, Cinar C, Ozbey I, Ozkhan S, Cetinkaya K, Karlikaya G, Karagozoglu H, Kahraman S (2009) A genetic survey of 1935 Turkish men with severe male factor infertility. Reprod Biomed Online 18(4):465\u2013474. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1472-6483(10)60121-6","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"issue":"4","key":"2803_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1159\/000281503","volume":"44","author":"T Matsuda","year":"1989","unstructured":"Matsuda T, Nonomura M, Okada K, Hayashi K, Yoshida O (1989) Cytogenetic survey of subfertile males in Japan. Urol Int 44(4):194\u2013197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000281503","journal-title":"Urol Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"2803_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1046\/J.1439-0272.2001.00406.X","volume":"33","author":"B Maurer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Maurer B, Gromoll J, Simoni M, Nieschlag E (2001) Prevalence of Y chromosome microdeletions in infertile men who consulted a tertiary care medical centre: the M\u00fcnster experience. Andrologia 33(1):27\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/J.1439-0272.2001.00406.X","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"2803_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McGowan-Jordan J, J. Hastings R, Moore S, (Eds.) (2020) ISCN 2020: An International System for Human Cytogenomic Nomenclature. Basel: Karger.","DOI":"10.1159\/isbn.978-3-318-06867-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"2803_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1439-0272.2007.00769.X","volume":"39","author":"F Mohammed","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mohammed F, Al-Yatama F, Al-Bader M, Tayel SM, Gouda S, Naguib KK (2007) Primary male infertility in kuwait: a cytogenetic and molecular study of 289 infertile Kuwaiti patients. Andrologia 39(3):87\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/J.1439-0272.2007.00769.X","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"issue":"8","key":"2803_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1093\/OXFORDJOURNALS.HUMREP.A136467","volume":"1","author":"J Navarro","year":"1986","unstructured":"Navarro J, Vidal F, Templado C, Benet J, Marina S, Pomerol JM, Egozcue J (1986) Meiotic chromosome studies and synaptonemal complex analyses by light and electron microscopy in 47 infertile or sterile males. Hum Reprod 1(8):523\u2013527. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/OXFORDJOURNALS.HUMREP.A136467","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"1","key":"2803_CR27","first-page":"31","volume":"15","author":"PP Ng","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ng PP, Tang MH, Lau ET, Ng LK, Ng EH, Tam PC, Yeung WS, Ho PC (2009) Chromosomal anomalies and Y-microdeletions among Chinese subfertile men in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J = Xianggang Yi Xue Za Zhi 15(1):31\u201338","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med J = Xianggang Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"issue":"2","key":"2803_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.3906\/sag-1301-67","volume":"44","author":"Z Ocak","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ocak Z, \u00dcyet\u00fcrk U, Din\u00e7er MM (2014) Clinical and prognostic importance of chromosomal abnormalities, Y chromosome microdeletions, and CFTR gene mutations in individuals with azoospermia or severe oligospermia. Turk J Med Sci 44(2):347\u2013351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3906\/sag-1301-67","journal-title":"Turk J Med Sci"},{"key":"2803_CR30","first-page":"162","volume-title":"Male fertility and infertility","author":"P Patrizio","year":"1999","unstructured":"Patrizio P, Broomfield D (1999) The genetic basis of male infertility. In: Glover T, Barralt C (eds) Male fertility and infertility, 1st edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 162\u2013179","edition":"1"},{"issue":"12","key":"2803_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1654","DOI":"10.3390\/JPM13121654","volume":"13","author":"G Peluso","year":"2023","unstructured":"Peluso G, Tisato V, Singh AV, Gemmati D, Scarpellini F (2023) Semen cryopreservation to expand male fertility in cancer patients: intracase evaluation of semen quality. J Personalized Med 13(12):1654. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/JPM13121654","journal-title":"J Personalized Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2803_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1093\/HUMREP\/17.1.17","volume":"17","author":"B Peterlin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Peterlin B, Kunej T, Sinkovec J, Gligorievska N, Zorn B (2002) Screening for Y chromosome microdeletions in 226 Slovenian subfertile men. Hum Reprod 17(1):17\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/HUMREP\/17.1.17","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2803_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Reijo R, Alagappan RK, Page DC, Patrizio P (1996) Severe oligozoospermia resulting from deletions of azoospermia factor gene on Y chromosome. The Lancet, 347(9011):1290\u20131293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(96)90938-1","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(96)90938-1"},{"key":"2803_CR9","first-page":"687","volume":"75","author":"G Roger de Gardelle","year":"1983","unstructured":"Roger de Gardelle G, Jaffray J, Geneix A, Malet P (1983) Les anomalies du caryotype dans les sterilit\u00e9s hypofertilit\u00e9s masculines. A propos de 318 observations [Karyotype abnormalities in male subfertile sterility. Apropos of 318 cases] Pathologica 75:687\u2013691","journal-title":"Pathologica"},{"issue":"1","key":"2803_CR33","first-page":"8","volume":"26","author":"A Salvarci","year":"2021","unstructured":"Salvarci A, G\u00fcrb\u00fcz A, Erihan I, Karagoz M, Uslu M, Bagcioglu M, Balasar M, Bozkurt A (2021) Obstr\u00fcktif ve Non-obstr\u00fcktif Azospermik T\u00fcrk Erkeklerin Genetik Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n De\u011ferlendirilmesi: Multisentrik Retrospektif \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma. F\u0131rat Med J 26(1):8\u201314","journal-title":"F\u0131rat Med J"},{"key":"2803_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104798","DOI":"10.1016\/J.EBIOM.2023.104798","volume":"96","author":"Y Sha","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sha Y, Liu W, Li S, Osadchuk LV, Chen Y, Nie H, Gao S, Xie L, Qin W, Zhou H, Li L (2023) Deficiency in AK9 causes asthenozoospermia and male infertility by destabilising sperm nucleotide homeostasis. EBioMedicine 96:104798. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.EBIOM.2023.104798","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"2803_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1365-2605.2004.00495.X","volume":"27","author":"M Simoni","year":"2004","unstructured":"Simoni M, Bakker E, Krausz C (2004) EAA\/EMQN best practice guidelines for molecular diagnosis of y-chromosomal microdeletions. State of the Art 2004. Int J Androl 27(4):240\u2013249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/J.1365-2605.2004.00495.X","journal-title":"Int J Androl"},{"key":"2803_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01722","volume":"423","author":"H Skaletsky","year":"2003","unstructured":"Skaletsky H, Kuroda-Kawaguchl T, Minx PJ, Cordum HS, Hlllier LD, Brown LG, Repplng S, Pyntikova T, All J, Blerl T, Chinwalla A, Delehaunty A, Du H, Fewell G, Fulton L, Fulton R, Graves T, Hou SF, Latrielle P, Page DC (2003) The male-specific region of the human Y chromosome is a mosaic of discrete sequence classes. Nature 423(6942):825\u2013837. . 423 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature01722","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2803_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/HUMREP\/11.SUPPL_4.1","volume":"11","author":"E Van Assche","year":"1996","unstructured":"Van Assche E, Bonduelle M, Tournaye H, Joris H, Verheyen G, Devroey P, Van Steirteghem A, Liebaers I (1996) Cytogenetics of infertile men. Hum Reprod 11:1\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/HUMREP\/11.SUPPL_4.1","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"8","key":"2803_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1093\/MOLEHR\/3.8.699","volume":"3","author":"K Van der Ven","year":"1997","unstructured":"Van der Ven K, Montag M, Peschka B, Leygraaf J, Schwanitz G, Haidl G, Krebs D, Van der Ven H (1997) Combined cytogenetic and Y chromosome microdeletion screening in males undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Mol Hum Reprod 3(8):699\u2013704. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/MOLEHR\/3.8.699","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"1","key":"2803_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2003.07.006","volume":"117","author":"A Vicdan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vicdan A, Vicdan K, G\u00fcnalp S, Kence A, Akarsu C, I\u015fik AZ, S\u00f6zen E (2004) Genetic aspects of human male infertility: the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities and Y chromosome microdeletions in severe male factor infertility. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reproductive Biology 117(1):49\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2003.07.006","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reproductive Biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2803_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1002\/J.1939-4640.2002.TB02597.X","volume":"23","author":"MC Vincent","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vincent MC, Daudin M, De Mas P, Massat G, Mieusset R, Pontonnier F, Calvas P, Bujan L, Bourrouillou G (2002) Cytogenetic investigations of infertile men with low sperm counts: A 25-Year experience. J Androl 23(1):18\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/J.1939-4640.2002.TB02597.X","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"key":"2803_CR41","volume-title":"WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"2021","unstructured":"World Health Organisation (2021) WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen, 6th edn. World Health Organization, Geneva","edition":"6"},{"key":"2803_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yal\u00e7intepe S, Eker D, G\u00fcrkan H (2021) The frequency of Y chromosome microdeletions and cytogenetic abnormalities in cases with male infertility from Thrace region: Single center experience. Istanbul Tip Fak Derg 84:27\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26650\/IUITFD.2020.0017","DOI":"10.26650\/IUITFD.2020.0017"},{"issue":"3","key":"2803_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1159\/000282975","volume":"58","author":"A Yoshida","year":"1997","unstructured":"Yoshida A, Miura K, Shirai M (1997) Cytogenetic survey of 1,007 infertile males. Urol Int 58(3):166\u2013176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000282975","journal-title":"Urol Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"2803_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.5152\/TUD.2019.19156","volume":"46","author":"TR \u00d6zdemir","year":"2019","unstructured":"\u00d6zdemir TR, \u00d6zy\u0131lmaz B, \u00c7akmak \u00d6, Kaya \u00d6\u00d6, K\u00f6se C, K\u0131rb\u0131y\u0131k \u00d6, Keskin MZ, Ko\u00e7 A, Zeyrek T, Kutbay YB, Erdo\u011fan KM, G\u00fcven\u00e7 MS (2019) Evaluation of chromosomal abnormalities and y-chromosome microdeletions in 1696 Turkish cases with primary male infertility: A single-center study. Turkish J Urol 46(2):95\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5152\/TUD.2019.19156","journal-title":"Turkish J Urol"},{"key":"2803_CR44","unstructured":"Zuffardi O, Tiepolo L (1982) Frequencies and types of chromosome abnormalities associated with human male infertility. In P. Crosignani & B. Rubin (Eds.), Genetic control of gamete production and function (pp. 261\u2013273). Serono Clinica Colloquiaon Reproduction, III. London: Academic Press and Guine and Stratton"}],"container-title":["Human Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00439-025-02803-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00439-025-02803-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00439-025-02803-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T23:03:40Z","timestamp":1768345420000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00439-025-02803-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2803"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00439-025-02803-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-6717","1432-1203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-6717","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflcit of interest"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was waived by the local Ethics Committee of Health Science University in view of the retrospective nature of the study and all the procedures being performed were part of routine care.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"This research study was conducted retrospectively from data obtained for clinical purposes. The data were anonymized and complied with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"No identifying details or images of individual participants are included in this article.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}}],"article-number":"13"}}