{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T23:39:25Z","timestamp":1792539565095,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":150,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778025600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015652","name":"Barts Charity","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G-002784"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G-002784"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015652","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dysphagia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Muscle dysfunction is a critical construct in dysphagia. Despite the availability of diverse techniques to evaluate muscle function, a comprehensive synthesis of measurement items and their properties is lacking. A systematic review of studies examining the measurement techniques used to directly evaluate oropharyngeal muscle function was performed. Studies investigating the use of surface electromyography, tongue dynamometry, ultrasound, high-resolution pharyngeal manometry, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography and reporting measurement properties in line with the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement InstrumeNts (COSMIN) were included. Measurement outcomes derived from these techniques were operationalised as single-item measures. Methodological quality was evaluated using the QualSyst tool. From the 6279 records, 125 eligible studies were identified. The breakdown of techniques was surface electromyography (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200933), tongue dynamometry (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200934), ultrasound (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200917), high-resolution pharyngeal manometry (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200915), magnetic resonance imaging (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20095), computed tomography (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20094) and combined techniques (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200917). Single-item measures were heterogenous, covering a range of domains including muscle activation, coordination, strength, endurance, composition, thickness, and kinematics. Studies focused predominantly on oral rather than pharyngeal musculature. Validity (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009117) was widely reported, primarily via known-group validity or hypothesis testing. Fewer studies examined reliability (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200920) and responsiveness (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200925); however, where reported, results indicated excellent intra- and inter-rater reliability and responsiveness to therapeutic interventions. A diverse range of single-item measures were identified across included measurement techniques. Measurement properties were sparsely reported. Future research should focus on rigorous measurement instrument design and standardisation to comprehensively evaluate the underlying mechanisms of dysphagia.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-026-10957-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T09:52:43Z","timestamp":1778061163000},"page":"1076-1094","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Measurement Techniques and Properties of Single-item Measures for the Evaluation of Oropharyngeal Muscle Function in Adults with Dysphagia: A Systematic Review using the COSMIN Framework"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3179-4600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eileen","family":"Kelly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joelle","family":"Hako","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Creagh","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitta","family":"Fazzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy J.","family":"Stephens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9e","family":"Speyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna-Liisa","family":"Sutt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zudin","family":"Puthucheary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10957_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.2.929","volume":"81","author":"A Jean","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jean A. Brain stem control of swallowing: neuronal network and cellular mechanisms. Physiol Rev. 2001;81(2):929\u201369.","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10957_CR2","unstructured":"McFarland DH, Netter, Frank H. Netter\u2019s Atlas for Speech, Swallowing and Hearing- Netter Basic Science. 4th edition. 2022."},{"key":"10957_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1007\/s40141-018-0193-x","volume":"6","author":"M-L Huckabee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huckabee M-L, Lamvik-Gozdzikowska K. Reconsidering rehabilitation for neurogenic dysphagia: strengthening skill in swallowing. Curr Phys Med Rehabil Rep. 2018;6:186\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40141-018-0193-x.","journal-title":"Curr Phys Med Rehabil Rep"},{"key":"10957_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-018-3376-3","volume":"18","author":"S Attrill","year":"2018","unstructured":"Attrill S, White S, Murray J, Hammond S, Doeltgen S. Impact of oropharyngeal dysphagia on healthcare cost and length of stay in hospital: a systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2018;18:594. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-018-3376-3.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"10957_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-019-2400-2","volume":"23","author":"P Zuercher","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zuercher P, Moret CS, Dziewas R, Schefold JC. Dysphagia in the intensive care unit: epidemiology, mechanisms, and clinical management. Crit Care. 2019;23:103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-019-2400-2.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10957_CR6","first-page":"224","volume":"91","author":"R Reiter","year":"2011","unstructured":"Reiter R, Brosch S. Update oropharyngeal dysphagia Part 1: physiology, pathology and diagnosis. Laryngo-Rhino-Otol. 2011;91:224\u20137.","journal-title":"Laryngo-Rhino-Otol"},{"key":"10957_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-019-2400-2","volume":"23","author":"P Zuercher","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zuercher P, Moret CS, Dziewas R, Schefold JC. Dysphagia in the intensive care unit: epidemiology, mechanisms, and clinical management. Crit Care. 2019;23:103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-019-2400-2.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10957_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511996214","volume-title":"Measurement in Medicine: A Practical Guide","author":"HCW de Vet","year":"2011","unstructured":"de Vet HCW, Terwee CB, Mokkink LB, Knol DL. Measurement in Medicine: A Practical Guide. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/CBO9780511996214."},{"key":"10957_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S107750","volume":"11","author":"LW Baijens","year":"2016","unstructured":"Baijens LW, Clav\u00e9 P, Cras P, Ekberg O, Forster A, Kolb GF, et al. European Society for Swallowing Disorders - European Union Geriatric Medicine Society white paper: oropharyngeal dysphagia as a geriatric syndrome. Clin Interv Aging New Z. 2016;11:1403\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CIA.S107750.","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging New Z"},{"key":"10957_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD004303","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004303.pub4","volume":"2","author":"K Jones","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jones K, Pitceathly RDS, Rose MR, McGowan S, Hill M, Badrising UA, et al. Interventions for dysphagia in long-term, progressive muscle disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev Engl. 2016;2:CD004303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD004303.pub4.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev Engl"},{"key":"10957_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S107750","volume":"11","author":"LW Baijens","year":"2016","unstructured":"Baijens LW, Clav\u00e9 P, Cras P, Ekberg O, Forster A, Kolb GF, et al. European Society for Swallowing Disorders \u2013 European Union Geriatric Medicine Society white paper: oropharyngeal dysphagia as a geriatric syndrome. Clin Interv Aging. 2016;11:1403\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CIA.S107750.","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"10957_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.13591","volume":"19","author":"I Fujishima","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fujishima I, Fujiu-Kurachi M, Arai H, Hyodo M, Kagaya H, Maeda K, et al. Sarcopenia and dysphagia: position paper by four professional organizations. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2019;19:91\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ggi.13591.","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"key":"10957_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mokkink LB, Elsman EBM, Terwee CB. Conducting a systematic review of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Version 2.0 [Internet]. 2024. https:\/\/www.cosmin.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/COSMIN-manual-V2_final.pdf","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-024-03761-6"},{"key":"10957_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2024.111422","volume":"173","author":"EBM Elsman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Elsman EBM, Mokkink LB, Terwee CB, Beaton D, Gagnier JJ, Tricco AC, et al. Guideline for reporting systematic reviews of outcome measurement instruments (OMIs): PRISMA-COSMIN for OMIs 2024. J Clin Epidemiol. 2024;173:111422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2024.111422.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10957_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2024.104880","volume":"160","author":"EBM Elsman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Elsman EBM, Baba A, Offringa MP. PRISMA-COSMIN. 2024: new guidance aimed to enhance the reporting quality of systematic reviews of outcome measurement instruments. Int J Nurs Stud. 2024;160:104880. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2024.104880.","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"key":"10957_CR16","unstructured":"Kmet LM, Cook LS, Lee RC. Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a Variety of Fields [Internet]. 2004 Feb. Report No.: HTA Initiative # 13. ISBN: 1-896956-79-3. https:\/\/ualberta.scholaris.ca\/items\/b8ff8755-6efb-4fb2-941a-def0d418fd07. Accessed 28 Oct 2025."},{"key":"10957_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-022-10451-3","volume":"38","author":"M Alvarez-Larruy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alvarez-Larruy M, Tomsen N, Guanyabens N, Palomeras E, Clave P, Nascimento W. Spontaneous swallowing frequency in post-stroke patients with and without oropharyngeal dysphagia: an observational study. Dysphagia. 2023;38:200\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-022-10451-3.","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10957_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-013-9512-7","volume":"29","author":"LR Belo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Belo LR, Gomes NAC, Coriolano M, de das GW S, de Souza ES, Moura DAA, Asano AG, et al. The relationship between limit of Dysphagia and average volume per swallow in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease. Dysphagia United States. 2014;29:419\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-013-9512-7.","journal-title":"Dysphagia United States"},{"key":"10957_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-86502-w","volume":"11","author":"MC Chang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chang MC, Park S, Cho JY, Lee BJ, Hwang J-M, Kim K, et al. Comparison of three different types of exercises for selective contractions of supra- and infrahyoid muscles. Sci Rep. 2021;11:7131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-86502-w.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10957_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2017.02.006","volume":"128","author":"G Cosentino","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cosentino G, Alfonsi E, Mainardi L, Alvisi E, Brighina F, Valentino F, et al. The importance of the reproducibility of oropharyngeal swallowing in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. An electrophysiological study. Clin Neurophysiol. 2017;128:792\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinph.2017.02.006.","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10957_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2020.06.018","volume":"131","author":"G Cosentino","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cosentino G, Tassorelli C, Prunetti P, Todisco M, De Icco R, Avenali M, et al. Reproducibility and reaction time of swallowing as markers of dysphagia in parkinsonian syndromes. Clin Neurophysiol. 2020;131:2200\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinph.2020.06.018.","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10957_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0262424","volume":"17","author":"K Diaz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Diaz K, Stegemoller EEL. Electromyographic measures of asymmetric muscle control of swallowing in Parkinson\u2019s disease. PLoS One. 2022;17:e0262424. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0262424.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10957_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.11680","volume":"9","author":"AO Donskov","year":"2021","unstructured":"Donskov AO, Shimada A, Vinge L, Svensson P, Andersen H. Oral function in patients with myasthenia gravis. PeerJ. 2021;9:e11680. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.11680.","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"10957_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1177\/1179550619873364","volume-title":"Effectiveness of Therapy on Post-Extubation Dysphagia: Clinical and Electromyographic Findings","author":"AZG El Gharib","year":"2019","unstructured":"ElGharib AZG, Berretin-Felix G, Rossoni DF, Yamada SS. Effectiveness of Therapy on Post-Extubation Dysphagia: Clinical and Electromyographic Findings. United States: SAGE Publications Inc.; 2019. p. 12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1179550619873364"},{"key":"10957_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.65.6.848","volume":"65","author":"C Ertekin","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ertekin C, Yuceyar N, Aydogdu I. Clinical and electrophysiological evaluation of dysphagia in myasthenia gravis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1998;65:848\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.65.6.848.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10957_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.1.125","volume":"123","author":"C Ertekin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ertekin C, Aydogdu I, Yuceyar N, Kiylioglu N, Tarlaci S, Uludag B. Pathophysiological mechanisms of oropharyngeal dysphagia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain. 2000;123(Pt 1):125\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/123.1.125.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10957_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.25156","volume":"82","author":"C Ertekin","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ertekin C, Keskin A, Kiylioglu N, Kirazli Y, On AY, Tarlaci S, et al. The effect of head and neck positions on oropharyngeal swallowing: a clinical and electrophysiologic study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;82:1255\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/apmr.2001.25156.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10957_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"942EP","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10240","volume":"17","author":"C Ertekin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ertekin C, Tarlaci S, Aydogdu I, Kiylioglu N, Yuceyar N, Turman AB, et al. Electrophysiological evaluation of pharyngeal phase of swallowing in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease. Mov Disord. 2002;17:942EP \u2013 949. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.10240.","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10957_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-67903-9","volume":"10","author":"LMS Gomes","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gomes LMS, da Silva RG, Pedroni CR, Garner DM, Raimundo RD, Valenti VE. Effects of effortful swallowing on cardiac autonomic control in individuals with neurogenic dysphagia: a prospective observational analytical study. Sci Rep. 2020;10:10924. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-67903-9.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10957_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.4303-24","author":"K Himuro","year":"2024","unstructured":"Himuro K, Uzawa A, Kawaguchi N, Kanai T, Isono S, Kuwabara S. Quantitative assessment of dysphagia in myasthenia gravis. Intern Med Tokyo Jpn [Internet] Japan. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2169\/internalmedicine.4303-24.","journal-title":"Intern Med Tokyo Jpn [Internet] Japan"},{"key":"10957_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2500472","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202500472","volume":"12","author":"W Hong","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hong W, Mao L, Lin K, Huang C, Su Y, Zhang S, et al. Accurate and Noninvasive Dysphagia Assessment via a Soft High-Density sEMG Electrode Array Conformal to the Submental and Infrahyoid Muscles. Adv Sci Weinh Baden-Wurtt Ger Ger. 2025;12:e2500472. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/advs.202500472.","journal-title":"Adv Sci Weinh Baden-Wurtt Ger Ger"},{"key":"10957_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2015.05.018","volume":"7","author":"H-R Kim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim H-R, Lee SA, Kim K, Leigh J-H, Han TR, Oh B-M. Submental muscle activity is delayed and shortened during swallowing following stroke. PM R. 2015;7:938\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pmrj.2015.05.018.","journal-title":"PM R"},{"key":"10957_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"EP305","DOI":"10.1080\/17549507.2020.1766566","volume":"23","author":"J Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim J, Watts CR. A comparison of swallow-related submandibular contraction amplitude and duration in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease and healthy controls. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2021;23:EP305-312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17549507.2020.1766566.","journal-title":"Int J Speech Lang Pathol"},{"key":"10957_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"EP160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2020.06.009","volume":"16","author":"Y Koyama","year":"2021","unstructured":"Koyama Y, Ohmori N, Momose H, Kondo E, Yamada S-I, Kurita H. Detection of swallowing disorders using a multiple channel surface electromyography sheet: a preliminary study. J Dent Sci. 2021;16:EP160-167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jds.2020.06.009.","journal-title":"J Dent Sci"},{"key":"10957_CR35","first-page":"EP109","volume":"10","author":"A Kumaresan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kumaresan A, Abraham MM, Rajagopalan V, Khanna SV, Suganthirababu P, Manikumar M. Effect of bilateral thenar muscle stimulation in improving swallowing function and swallowing muscles activity in post stroke dysphagia. Res J Pharm Biol Chem Sci India: Res J Pharm Biol Chem. 2019;10:EP109-113.","journal-title":"Res J Pharm Biol Chem Sci India: Res J Pharm Biol Chem"},{"key":"10957_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000027780","volume":"100","author":"M-Y Liaw","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liaw M-Y, Lin M-C, Leong C-P, Wang L-Y, Pong Y-P, Yang T-H, et al. Electromyographic study assessing swallowing function in subacute stroke patients with respiratory muscle weakness. Medicine. 2021;100:e27780. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000027780.","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10957_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-021-10267-7","volume":"37","author":"Y Nakao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nakao Y, Onishi H, Haji T, Shiromoto O, Saito S, Nanto T, et al. Impact of thickened liquids on laryngeal movement velocity in patients with dysphagia. Dysphagia. 2022;37:207\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-021-10267-7.","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10957_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12382","volume":"43","author":"JS Park","year":"2016","unstructured":"Park JS, Oh DH, Chang MY, Kim KM. Effects of expiratory muscle strength training on oropharyngeal dysphagia in subacute stroke patients: a randomised controlled trial. J Oral Rehabil. 2016;43:364\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joor.12382.","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"key":"10957_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-68738-0","volume":"10","author":"S Park","year":"2020","unstructured":"Park S, Cho JY, Lee BJ, Hwang J-M, Lee M, Hwang SY, et al. Effect of the submandibular push exercise using visual feedback from pressure sensor: an electromyography study. Sci Rep. 2020;10:11772. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-68738-0.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10957_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153EP","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2013.09.009","volume":"24","author":"A Reyes","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reyes A, Cruickshank T, Thompson J, Ziman M, Nosaka K. Surface electromyograph activity of submental muscles during swallowing and expiratory muscle training tasks in Huntington\u2019s disease patients. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2014;24:153EP \u2013 158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jelekin.2013.09.009.","journal-title":"J Electromyogr Kinesiol"},{"key":"10957_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2022.104533","volume":"82","author":"S Roldan-Vasco","year":"2023","unstructured":"Roldan-Vasco S, Restrepo-Uribe JP, Orozco-Duque A, Suarez-Escudero JC, Orozco-Arroyave JR. Analysis of electrophysiological and mechanical dimensions of swallowing by non-invasive biosignals. Biomed Signal Process Control. 2023;82:104533. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bspc.2022.104533.","journal-title":"Biomed Signal Process Control"},{"key":"10957_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Santos VAD, Vieira AC, de Silva C. HJ da. Electrical activity of the masseter and supra hyoid muscles during swallowing of patients with multiple sclerosis. CoDAS. Brazil; 2019;31:e20180207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/2317-1782\/20192018207","DOI":"10.1590\/2317-1782\/20192018207"},{"key":"10957_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-019-05772-3","volume":"277","author":"C Sayaca","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sayaca C, Serel-Arslan S, Sayaca N, Demir N, Somay G, Kaya D, et al. Is the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation technique superior to Shaker exercises in swallowing rehabilitation? Head Neck Surg Ger. 2020;277:497\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-019-05772-3","journal-title":"Head Neck Surg Ger"},{"key":"10957_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Soon K-S, Lee M-Y, Tsai W-W, Lin C-F, Chen C-H. Development of a swallowing electrical stimulation system for treatment of dysphagia in stroke patients. J Med Biol Eng. Taiwan (Republic of China): Biomedical Engineering Society (1\u20131 Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, Taiwan (Republic of China)); 2013;33:497EP \u2013 503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5405\/jmbe.1117","DOI":"10.5405\/jmbe.1117"},{"key":"10957_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2024.102913","volume":"78","author":"LV Suarez-Patino","year":"2024","unstructured":"Suarez-Patino LV, Roldan-Vasco S, Suarez-Escudero JC, Orozco-Duque A, Perez-Giraldo E. sEMG as complementary tool for VFSS: a synchronized study in patients with neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2024;78:102913. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jelekin.2024.102913.","journal-title":"J Electromyogr Kinesiol"},{"key":"10957_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2022.105772","volume":"100","author":"A Tang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tang A, Chen X, Ma J, Xu R, Luo Z, Chen J, et al. Characteristics of submental muscles function and hyoid bone movement in patients with dysphagia after stroke. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2022;100:105772. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2022.105772.","journal-title":"Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon)"},{"key":"10957_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tawadros PB, Cordato D, Cathers I, Burne JA. An electromyographic study of parkinsonian swallowing and its response to levodopa. Mov Disord. United States: John Wiley and Sons Inc. (P.O.Box 18667, Newark, United States); 2012;27:1811EP \u2013 1815. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.25262","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25262"},{"key":"10957_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-012-9406-0","volume":"27","author":"WM Coriolano","year":"2012","unstructured":"Coriolano WM, das R G, Belo L, Carneiro D, Asano G, Al Oliveira A, et al. Swallowing in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease: a surface electromyography study. Dysphagia. 2012;27:550\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-012-9406-0.","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10957_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ye-Lin Y, Prats-Boluda G, Galiano-Botella M, Roldan-Vasco S, Orozco-Duque A, Garcia-Casado J. Directed Functional Coordination Analysis of Swallowing Muscles in Healthy and Dysphagic Subjects by Surface Electromyography. Sens [Internet] Switz. 2022;22. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s22124513.","DOI":"10.3390\/s22124513"},{"key":"10957_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Adamske D, Heyduck A, Weidenm\u00fcller M, G\u00f6ricke B, Frank T, Olthoff A. Dysphagia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Quantification of bulbar motor dysfunction. J Oral Rehabil. Malden, Massachusetts: Wiley-Blackwell; 2021;48:1044\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joor.13220","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13220"},{"key":"10957_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2020.10.015","volume":"88","author":"AL Borges","year":"2022","unstructured":"Borges AL, de Velasco F, Ramos LC, Imamura HVL, Roldao R, de Petrillo PMA. Association between dysphagia and tongue strength in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2022;88:752\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjorl.2020.10.015.","journal-title":"Braz J Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10957_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1044\/2020_JSLHR-20-00143","volume":"64","author":"JA Curtis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Curtis JA, Laus J, Schneider SL, Troche MS. Examining the relationships between lingual strength, perihyoid strength, and swallowing kinematics in dysphagic adults: a retrospective cross-sectional analysis. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021;64:405\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/2020_JSLHR-20-00143.","journal-title":"J Speech Lang Hear Res"},{"key":"10957_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13568","volume":"50","author":"FP da Costa","year":"2023","unstructured":"da Costa FP, Casseb RF, de Lima DP, Ponsoni A, Guimaraes RP, Mourao LF. Isometric tongue endurance and incomplete laryngeal vestibule closure in Parkinson\u2019s disease. J Oral Rehabil. 2023;50:1401\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joor.13568.","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"key":"10957_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-018-9916-5","volume":"34","author":"T Fukuoka","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fukuoka T, Ono T, Hori K, Wada Y, Uchiyama Y, Kasama S, et al. Tongue pressure measurement and videofluoroscopic study of swallowing in patients with Parkinson\u2019s Disease. Dysphagia. 2019;34:80\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-018-9916-5.","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10957_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.704788","volume":"12","author":"D-W Gwak","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gwak D-W, Jung S-H, Min Y-S, Park J-S, Cho H-J, Park D, et al. Correlation between maximal tongue pressure and swallowing function in Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy. Front Neurol. 2021;12:704788. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2021.704788.","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"10957_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.106122","volume":"30","author":"N Hara","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hara N, Nakamori M, Ayukawa T, Matsushima H, Hayashi Y, Imamura E, et al. Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Swallowing Dysfunction in Patients with Lateral Medullary Infarction. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis Off J Natl Stroke Assoc United States. 2021;30:106122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.106122.","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis Off J Natl Stroke Assoc United States"},{"key":"10957_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-017-9797-z","volume":"32","author":"A Hiraoka","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hiraoka A, Yoshikawa M, Nakamori M, Hosomi N, Nagasaki T, Mori T, et al. Maximum tongue pressure is associated with swallowing dysfunction in ALS patients. Dysphagia United States. 2017;32:542\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-017-9797-z.","journal-title":"Dysphagia United States"},{"key":"10957_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13933","volume":"52","author":"N-K Hwang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hwang N-K, Yoon T-H, Park J-S. Application of orofacial muscle strength measurement to screen for penetration\/aspiration risk in older adults with sarcopenia: a diagnostic accuracy study. J Oral Rehabil. 2025;52:817\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joor.13933.","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"key":"10957_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2318","DOI":"10.1044\/2025_JSLHR-24-00605","volume":"68","author":"BN Krekeler","year":"2025","unstructured":"Krekeler BN, Hopkins A, Cooke M, Tabangin M, Altaye M, Wahab S, et al. Poststroke lingual function and swallowing physiology. J Speech Lang Hear Res JSLHR United States. 2025;68:2318\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/2025_JSLHR-24-00605.","journal-title":"J Speech Lang Hear Res JSLHR United States"},{"key":"10957_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.23736\/S1973-9087.20.06180-8","volume":"56","author":"JH Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee JH, Choi S-Y. Criteria to assess tongue strength for predicting penetration and aspiration in patients with stroke having dysphagia. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med Italy. 2020;56:375\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23736\/S1973-9087.20.06180-8.","journal-title":"Eur J Phys Rehabil Med Italy"},{"key":"10957_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2015.11.019","volume":"97","author":"GA Malandraki","year":"2016","unstructured":"Malandraki GA, Rajappa A, Kantarcigil C, Wagner E, Ivey C, Youse K. The intensive dysphagia rehabilitation approach applied to patients with neurogenic dysphagia: a case series design study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2016;97:567\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2015.11.019.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10957_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Magara J, Suzuki T, Yoshihara M, Onuki W, Sasa A, Tsujimura T, et al. Lingual pressure as a physiological indicator for dysphagia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple system atrophy. Neurodegener Dis Manag Engl. 2025;1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17582024.2025.2580876.","DOI":"10.1080\/17582024.2025.2580876"},{"key":"10957_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.09.009","volume":"70","author":"K Matsuo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Matsuo K, Yoneki K, Kobayashi K, Onoda D, Mibu K, Suzuki T, et al. Association of maximal tongue pressure with dysphagia and prognosis in patients with acute heart failure. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2025;70:99\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.09.009.","journal-title":"Clin Nutr ESPEN"},{"key":"10957_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2072","DOI":"10.1044\/2025_AJSLP-24-00360","volume":"34","author":"AS Mira","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mira AS, Hopkins AK, Tabangin ME, Altaye M, Krekeler BN. Examining associations between manometric measures of lingual function and swallowing physiology using the Modified Barium Swallow Impairment Profile. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2025;34:2072\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/2025_AJSLP-24-00360.","journal-title":"Am J Speech Lang Pathol"},{"key":"10957_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.10.025","volume":"324","author":"N Morimoto","year":"2013","unstructured":"Morimoto N, Yamashita T, Sato K, Kurata T, Ikeda Y, Kusuhara T, et al. Assessment of swallowing in motor neuron disease and Asidan\/SCA36 patients with new methods. J Neurol Sci Neth. 2013;324:149\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jns.2012.10.025.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci Neth"},{"key":"10957_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mozzanica F, Pizzorni N, Ginocchio D, Feroldi S, Bianchi F, Castellari M et al. Tongue Strength and Endurance in Patients with Parkinson\u2019s Disease: Association with Swallowing, Oral Phase Efficiency, Meal, Diet Type and Malnutrition Risk. Dysphagia [Internet]. United States; 2025; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-025-10902-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-025-10902-7"},{"key":"10957_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13120","volume":"48","author":"K Nagashima","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nagashima K, Kikutani T, Miyashita T, Yajima Y, Tamura F. Tongue muscle strength affects posterior pharyngeal wall advancement during swallowing: a cross-sectional study of outpatients with dysphagia. J Oral Rehabil Engl. 2021;48:169\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joor.13120.","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil Engl"},{"key":"10957_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.123.032852","volume":"13","author":"M Nakamori","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nakamori M, Imamura E, Maetani Y, Yoshida M, Yoshikawa M, Nagasaki T, et al. Prospective observational study for the comparison of screening methods including tongue pressure and repetitive saliva swallowing with detailed videofluoroscopic swallowing study findings in patients with acute stroke. J Am Heart Assoc Engl. 2024;13:e032852. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.123.032852.","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc Engl"},{"key":"10957_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Park J-S, Kim H-J, Oh D-H. Effect of tongue strength training using the iowa oral performance instrument in stroke patients with dysphagia. J Phys Ther Sci. Japan: Society of Physical Therapy Science (Rigaku Ryoho Kagakugakkai) (E-mail: inui@ipec-pub.co.jp); 2015;27:3631EP \u2013 3634. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1589\/jpts.27.3631","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.27.3631"},{"key":"10957_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.12453","volume":"54","author":"H-S Park","year":"2019","unstructured":"Park H-S, Oh D-H, Yoon T, Park J-S. Effect of effortful swallowing training on tongue strength and oropharyngeal swallowing function in stroke patients with dysphagia: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2019;54:479\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1460-6984.12453.","journal-title":"Int J Lang Commun Disord"},{"key":"10957_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13859","volume":"32","author":"N Pizzorni","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pizzorni N, Ginocchio D, Bianchi F, Feroldi S, Vedrodyova M, Mora G, et al. Association between maximum tongue pressure and swallowing safety and efficacy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2020;32:e13859. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nmo.13859.","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10957_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.3233\/JHD-231519","volume":"13","author":"N Pizzorni","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pizzorni N, Ciammola A, Pirola C, Nanetti L, Castaldo A, Poletti B, et al. Oropharyngeal dysphagia phenotypes across Huntington\u2019s Disease stages: endoscopic findings and tongue pressure analysis. J Huntington Dis. 2024;13:225\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JHD-231519.","journal-title":"J Huntington Dis"},{"key":"10957_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2020.10.007","volume":"48","author":"A Printza","year":"2021","unstructured":"Printza A, Boziki M, Triaridis S, Kiousi V, Arnaoutoglou M, Constantinidis J, et al. Tongue strength, dysphagia questionnaire, pharyngeal secretions and FEES findings in dysphagia management in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Auris Nasus Larynx Neth. 2021;48:672\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anl.2020.10.007.","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx Neth"},{"key":"10957_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14521","volume":"35","author":"RD Robison","year":"2023","unstructured":"Robison RD, DiBiase L, Anderson A, Wymer JP, Plowman EK. Maximum lingual pressure impacts both swallowing safety and efficiency in individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2023;35:e14521. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nmo.14521.","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10957_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-022-10499-1","volume":"38","author":"R Robison","year":"2023","unstructured":"Robison R, DiBiase L, Wymer JP, Plowman EK. Functional lingual pressure thresholds for swallowing safety and efficiency impairments in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Dysphagia. 2023;38:676\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-022-10499-1.","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10957_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.13933","volume":"64","author":"N Rogus-Pulia","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rogus-Pulia N, Rusche N, Hind JA, Zielinski J, Gangnon R, Safdar N, et al. Effects of device-facilitated isometric progressive resistance oropharyngeal therapy on swallowing and health-related outcomes in older adults with dysphagia. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2016;64:417\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgs.13933.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10957_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-022-10543-0","volume":"38","author":"JS Sevitz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sevitz JS, Perry SE, Borders JC, Dakin AE, Curtis JA, Troche MS. The relationship between lingual strength and functional swallowing outcomes in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Dysphagia. 2023;38:1169\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-022-10543-0.","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10957_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Steele CM, Bayley MT, Peladeau-Pigeon M, Nagy A, Namasivayam AM, Stokely SL, et al. A randomized trial comparing two tongue-pressure resistance training protocols for post-stroke dysphagia. Dysphagia. 2016;31:452\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-016-9699-5.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-016-9699-5"},{"key":"10957_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-010-9296-y","volume":"26","author":"G Umemoto","year":"2011","unstructured":"Umemoto G, Tsuboi Y, Kitashima A, Furuya H, Kikuta T. Impaired food transportation in Parkinson\u2019s disease related to lingual bradykinesia. Dysphagia. 2011;26:250\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-010-9296-y.","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10957_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2020.106196","volume":"198","author":"G Umemoto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Umemoto G, Fujioka S, Arahata H, Kawazoe M, Sakae N, Sasagasako N, et al. Relationship between tongue pressure and functional oral intake scale diet type in patients with neurological and neuromuscular disorders. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2020;198:106196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clineuro.2020.106196.","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"10957_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-020-10198-9","volume":"36","author":"LC Velasco","year":"2021","unstructured":"Velasco LC, Imamura R, Rego APV, Alves PR, da Silva Peixoto LP, de Oliveira Siqueira J. Sensitivity and specificity of bedside screening tests for detection of aspiration in patients admitted to a public rehabilitation hospital. Dysphagia. 2021;36:821\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-020-10198-9.","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10957_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001998","volume":"101","author":"T Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang T, Tai J, Hu R, Fan S, Li H, Zhu Y, et al. Effect of tongue-pressure resistance training in poststroke dysphagia patients with oral motor dysfunction: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2022;101:1134\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001998.","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10957_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2360","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-012-6503-9","volume":"259","author":"JG Weikamp","year":"2012","unstructured":"Weikamp JG, Schelhaas HJ, Hendriks JCM, de Swart BJM, Geurts ACH. Prognostic value of decreased tongue strength on survival time in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Ger. 2012;259:2360\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-012-6503-9.","journal-title":"J Neurol Ger."},{"key":"10957_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4405","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-025-08280-x","volume":"46","author":"B Sirin Ahisha","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sirin Ahisha B, Kesiktas N, Paker N. Ultrasonographic assessment of dysphagia in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a controlled study. Neurol Sci. 2025;46:4405\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-025-08280-x.","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10957_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000022136","volume":"99","author":"JB Choi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Choi JB, Jung YJ, Park J-S. Comparison of 2 types of therapeutic exercise: jaw opening exercise and head lift exercise for dysphagic stroke: a pilot study. Med (Baltimore). 2020;99:e22136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000022136.","journal-title":"Med (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10957_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-020-10234-8","volume":"36","author":"M Gonzalez-Fernandez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gonzalez-Fernandez M, Arbones-Mainar JM, Ferrer-Lahuerta E, Perez-Nogueras J, Serrano-Oliver A, Torres-Anoro E, et al. Ultrasonographic measurement of masseter muscle thickness associates with oral phase dysphagia in institutionalized elderly individuals. Dysphagia. 2021;36:1031\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-020-10234-8.","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10957_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.04.017","volume":"38","author":"M-Y Hsiao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hsiao M-Y, Chang Y-C, Chen W-S, Chang H-Y, Wang T-G. Application of ultrasonography in assessing oropharyngeal dysphagia in stroke patients. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2012;38:1522\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.04.017.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"10957_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Huang Y, Zhong H, Xu Z, Su Q, Su S. Assessing swallowing dysfunction aggravation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients using ultrasonic measurements with swallowing movement parameters. J Ultrasound Med. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jum.16381.","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.16381"},{"key":"10957_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare8040411","author":"Y Jung","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jung Y, Kim H, Choi J, Park J, Hwang N. Effect of dysphagia rehabilitation using kinesiology taping on oropharyngeal muscle hypertrophy in post-stroke patients: a double blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Healthcare (Basel). 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare8040411.","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"key":"10957_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Karakurt N, Akyol E, Golac H, Atalik G, Sendur HN, Ceylan T et al. Utility of Calf Circumference in Predicting Swallowing Penetration in Sarcopenic Older Adults: A FEES-Based Study. Dysphagia [Internet]. United States; 2025; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-025-10908-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-025-10908-1"},{"key":"10957_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.70056","volume":"53","author":"H Kawamichi","year":"2026","unstructured":"Kawamichi H, Obana A, Nohara K, Tanaka N, Sakai T. Relationship between swallowing frequency and swallowing-related muscle mass in older adults. J Oral Rehabil. 2026;53:42\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joor.70056.","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"key":"10957_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.032","volume":"127","author":"M Nakamori","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nakamori M, Hosomi N, Takaki S, Oda M, Hiraoka A, Yoshikawa M, et al. Tongue thickness evaluation using ultrasonography can predict swallowing function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. Clin Neurophysiol. 2016;127:1669\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.032.","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10957_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.11.007","volume":"19","author":"N Ogawa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ogawa N, Mori T, Fujishima I, Wakabayashi H, Itoda M, Kunieda K, et al. Ultrasonography to measure swallowing muscle mass and quality in older patients with sarcopenic dysphagia. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2018;19:516\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.11.007.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"10957_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14079","volume":"21","author":"N Ogawa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ogawa N, Wakabayashi H, Mori T, Fujishima I, Oshima F, Itoda M, et al. Digastric muscle mass and intensity in older patients with sarcopenic dysphagia by ultrasonography. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2021;21:14\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ggi.14079.","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"key":"10957_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13072401","author":"A Sanz-Paris","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sanz-Paris A, Gonzalez-Fernandez M, Hueso-Del Rio LE, Ferrer-Lahuerta E, Monge-Vazquez A, Losfablos-Callau F, et al. Muscle thickness and echogenicity measured by ultrasound could detect local sarcopenia and malnutrition in older patients hospitalized for hip fracture. Nutrients. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13072401.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10957_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.10.001","volume-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol [Internet]","author":"J Shuai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shuai J, Pian L, Tian L, Wang L, Deng M, Cheng C. Application of B\u2009+\u2009M-Mode Ultrasound in Evaluating Dysphagia in Elderly Stroke Patients. Ultrasound Med Biol [Internet]. United States: Elsevier Inc.; 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.10.001."},{"key":"10957_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-002-0071-6","volume":"17","author":"N Soder","year":"2002","unstructured":"Soder N, Miller N. Using ultrasound to investigate intrapersonal variability in durational aspects of tongue movement during swallowing. Dysphagia. 2002;17:288\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-002-0071-6.","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10957_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.23736\/S1973-9087.24.08216-9","volume":"60","author":"JH Sung","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sung JH, Baek S-H, Park J-W, Lee JH, Son MH, Kim B-J. Dynamic suprahyoid muscle ultrasound in assessing oropharyngeal dysphagia in neurological disorders. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2024;60:233\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23736\/S1973-9087.24.08216-9.","journal-title":"Eur J Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10957_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.12.015","volume":"177","author":"E Umay","year":"2019","unstructured":"Umay E, Ozturk E, Gurcay E, Delibas O, Celikel F. Swallowing in Parkinson\u2019s disease: how is it affected? Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2019;177:37\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.12.015.","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"10957_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105822","volume":"26","author":"W Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang W, Lian R, Zhang X, Chen X, Jiang W, Wang L, et al. Ultrasound-based models for identifying sarcopenic dysphagia: the key role of digastric muscle. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2025;26:105822. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105822.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"10957_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-022-10417-5","volume":"37","author":"HHG Bayona","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bayona HHG, Pizzorni N, Tack J, Goeleven A, Omari T, Rommel N. Accuracy of high-resolution pharyngeal manometry metrics for predicting aspiration and residue in oropharyngeal dysphagia patients with poor pharyngeal contractility. Dysphagia. 2022;37:1560\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-022-10417-5.","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10957_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3519","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31358","volume":"134","author":"S-I Chitose","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chitose S-I, Fukahori M, Kurita T, Hamakawa S, Sato K, Kuroiwa T, et al. Relationship between swallowing pressure and saliva residue on endoscopic evaluation in pharyngeal dysphagia. Laryngoscope. 2024;134:3519\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.31358.","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10957_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2022.03.016","volume":"49","author":"B Fattori","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fattori B, Nacci A, Farneti D, Ceravolo R, Santoro A, Bastiani L, et al. Dysphagia in Parkinson\u2019s disease: pharyngeal manometry and fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2022;49:986\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anl.2022.03.016.","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"10957_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1080\/17482960600664870","volume":"7","author":"A Goeleven","year":"2006","unstructured":"Goeleven A, Robberecht W, Sonies B, Carbonez A, Dejaeger E. Manofluorographic evaluation of swallowing in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and its relationship with clinical evaluation of swallowing. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener. 2006;7:235\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17482960600664870.","journal-title":"Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener"},{"key":"10957_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2016.08.004","volume":"44","author":"T Karaho","year":"2017","unstructured":"Karaho T, Nakajima J, Satoh T, Kawahara K, Nakayama T, Kohno N. Mano-videoendoscopic assessment in the evaluation of the pharyngeal contraction and upper esophageal sphincter function in dysphagic patients. Auris Nasus Larynx Neth. 2017;44:79\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anl.2016.08.004.","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx Neth"},{"key":"10957_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-015-9688-0","volume":"31","author":"MA Knigge","year":"2016","unstructured":"Knigge MA, Thibeault S. Relationship between tongue base region pressures and vallecular clearance. Dysphagia. 2016;31:391\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-015-9688-0.","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10957_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000100","volume":"49","author":"Y Lan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lan Y, Xu G, Dou Z, Lin T, Yu F, Jiang L. The correlation between manometric and videofluoroscopic measurements of the swallowing function in brainstem stroke patients with dysphagia. J Clin Gastroenterol United States. 2015;49:24\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000100.","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol United States"},{"key":"10957_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-012-9423-z","volume":"28","author":"TI Omari","year":"2013","unstructured":"Omari TI, Dejaeger E, Tack J, Van Beckevoort D, Rommel N. Effect of bolus volume and viscosity on pharyngeal automated impedance manometry variables derived for broad dysphagia patients. Dysphagia. 2013;28:146\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-012-9423-z.","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10957_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14461","volume":"35","author":"T Omari","year":"2023","unstructured":"Omari T, Cock C, Wu P, Szczesniak MM, Schar M, Tack J, et al. Using high resolution manometry impedance to diagnose upper esophageal sphincter and pharyngeal motor disorders. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2023;35:e14461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nmo.14461.","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10957_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2017.81","volume":"112","author":"C-H Park","year":"2017","unstructured":"Park C-H, Lee Y-T, Yi Y, Lee J-S, Park JH, Yoon KJ. Ability of high-resolution manometry to determine feeding method and to predict aspiration pneumonia in patients with dysphagia. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017;112:1074\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ajg.2017.81.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10957_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2015.10.084","volume":"97","author":"D Park","year":"2016","unstructured":"Park D, Oh Y, Ryu JS. Findings of abnormal videofluoroscopic swallowing study identified by high-resolution manometry parameters. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2016;97:421\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2015.10.084.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10957_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001241","volume":"98","author":"D Park","year":"2019","unstructured":"Park D, Suh JH, Kim H, Ryu JS. The effect of four-channel neuromuscular electrical stimulation on swallowing kinematics and pressures: a pilot study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2019;98:1051\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001241.","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10957_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-019-10088-9","volume":"35","author":"J Regan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Regan J. Impact of sensory stimulation on pharyngo-esophageal swallowing biomechanics in adults with dysphagia: a high-resolution manometry study. Dysphagia. 2020;35:825\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-019-10088-9.","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10957_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14737","volume":"36","author":"S Saleem","year":"2024","unstructured":"Saleem S, Miles A, Allen J. Investigating Parkinson\u2019s disease with dual high resolution pharyngeal manometry with impedance and videofluoroscopy. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2024;36:e14737. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nmo.14737.","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10957_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000015781","volume":"98","author":"JH Suh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Suh JH, Park D, Kim IS, Kim H, Shin CM, Ryu JS. Feasibility of high-resolution manometry for decision of feeding methods in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Med (Baltimore) United States. 2019;98:e15781. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000015781.","journal-title":"Med (Baltimore) United States"},{"key":"10957_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-025-13005-3","volume":"272","author":"SV Frolich","year":"2025","unstructured":"Frolich SV, Receveur N, Poulsen NS, Hansen AE, Vissing J. Whole-body muscle MRI in patients with spinal muscular atrophy. J Neurol Ger. 2025;272:271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-025-13005-3.","journal-title":"J Neurol Ger"},{"key":"10957_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcaf386","volume":"7","author":"D-S Gwak","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gwak D-S, Chung J, Schellingerhout D, Oh H, Jeong S-W, Lee JS, et al. Mechanisms of how sarcopenia affects functional outcomes in acute ischaemic stroke. Brain Commun. 2025;7:fcaf386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/braincomms\/fcaf386.","journal-title":"Brain Commun"},{"key":"10957_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2022.09.010","volume":"33","author":"G Melkus","year":"2023","unstructured":"Melkus G, Sampaio ML, Smith IC, Rakhra KS, Bourque PR, Breiner A, et al. Quantitative vs qualitative muscle MRI: imaging biomarker in patients with Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy (OPMD). Neuromuscul Disord. 2023;33:24\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nmd.2022.09.010.","journal-title":"Neuromuscul Disord"},{"key":"10957_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2021.104439","volume":"96","author":"K Sakai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sakai K, Katayama M, Nakajima J, Inoue S, Koizumi K, Okada S, et al. Temporal muscle thickness is associated with the severity of dysphagia in patients with acute stroke. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2021;96:104439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.archger.2021.104439.","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"10957_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2025.110824","volume":"196","author":"TB Shaw","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shaw TB, Ribeiro FL, Zhu X, Aiken P, Bollmann S, Bollmann S, et al. Segmentation of the human tongue musculature using MRI: field guide and validation in motor neuron disease. Comput Biol Med. 2025;196:110824. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2025.110824.","journal-title":"Comput Biol Med"},{"key":"10957_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen K-Y, Chen S-Y, Hsiao M-Y, Wang T-G, Lin M-T. The association of temporalis muscle thickness with post-stroke dysphagia based on swallowing kinematic analysis. J Formos Med Assoc [Internet]. Netherlands: Elsevier B.V.; 2024; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.08.015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.08.015"},{"key":"10957_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111598","volume":"141","author":"Y-C Hsu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hsu Y-C, Lai T-J, Lu Y-L, Chen H-Y, Tsai H-T, Wang T-G, et al. Association between temporalis and masseter muscle thickness and dysphagia in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. J Clin Neurosci. 2025;141:111598. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111598.","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10957_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.02.002","volume":"18","author":"PB Sporns","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sporns PB, Muhle P, Hanning U, Suntrup-Krueger S, Schwindt W, Eversmann J, et al. Atrophy of swallowing muscles is associated with severity of dysphagia and age in patients with acute stroke. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2017;18:635e1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.02.002.","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"10957_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2023.110939","volume":"165","author":"S-M Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang S-M, Wu H-W, Lin Y-H, Lai T-J, Lin M-T. Temporalis and masseter muscle thickness as predictors of post-stroke dysphagia after endovascular thrombectomy. Eur J Radiol. 2023;165:110939. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejrad.2023.110939.","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"10957_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2023.11.019","volume":"55","author":"M Hou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hou M, Zhao Y, Zhao L, Yuan X, Liu Z, Li H. Efficacy of game training combined with surface electromyography biofeedback on post-stroke dysphagia. Geriatr Nurs. 2024;55:255\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2023.11.019.","journal-title":"Geriatr Nurs"},{"key":"10957_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2022.102642","volume":"63","author":"E Plaza","year":"2022","unstructured":"Plaza E, Ruviaro Busanello-Stella A. Effects of a tongue training program in Parkinson\u2019s disease: analysis of electrical activity and strength of suprahyoid muscles. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2022;63:102642. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jelekin.2022.102642.","journal-title":"J Electromyogr Kinesiol"},{"key":"10957_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S278793","volume":"15","author":"K Sakai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sakai K, Nakayama E, Rogus-Pulia N, Takehisa T, Takehisa Y, Urayama KY, et al. Submental muscle activity and its role in diagnosing sarcopenic dysphagia. Clin Interv Aging. 2020;15:1991\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CIA.S278793.","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"10957_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24001","volume":"72","author":"MC Zanin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zanin MC, Garcia DM, Rocha EM, de Felicio CM. Orofacial motor functions and temporomandibular disorders in patients with Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome. Arthritis Care Res. 2020;72:1057\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.24001.","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"10957_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.2217\/nmt-2021-0027","volume":"11","author":"MM Augusto","year":"2021","unstructured":"Augusto MM, da Silva RG, Teixeira Dourado ME J\u00fanior, Godoy JF, Lopes LW, Pernambuco L. Tongue measurements and pharyngeal residue in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Neurodegener Dis Manag. 2021;11:459\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2217\/nmt-2021-0027.","journal-title":"Neurodegener Dis Manag"},{"key":"10957_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"EP453","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27679","volume":"66","author":"RHMJM Kroon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kroon RHMJM, Kalf JG, Meijers RL, de Swart BJM, Cameron IGM, Doorduin J, et al. Muscle ultrasound is a sensitive biomarker in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy. Muscle Nerve. 2022;66:EP453-461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.27679.","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10957_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1177\/10538135241308773","volume":"56","author":"G-Y Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li G-Y, Huang Y-C, Wu J-Y, Leong C-P, Cheng C-H. Swallowing therapy effects on oral muscle mass, tongue function, swallowing, and nutrition in stroke patients with dysphagia. NeuroRehabil. 2025;56:164\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10538135241308773.","journal-title":"NeuroRehabil"},{"key":"10957_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2023.12.021","volume":"59","author":"K Matsuo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Matsuo K, Yoneki K, Tamiya S, Mibu K, Furuzono K, Kobayashi K, et al. Impact of sarcopenia and malnutrition on swallowing function utilizing ultrasonography in patients with acute heart failure: a retrospective cohort study. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2024;59:296\u2013306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnesp.2023.12.021.","journal-title":"Clin Nutr ESPEN"},{"key":"10957_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-020-1528-8","volume":"25","author":"T Mori","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mori T, Wakabayashi H, Ogawa N, Fujishima I, Oshima F, Itoda M, et al. The mass of geniohyoid muscle is associated with maximum tongue pressure and tongue area in patients with sarcopenic dysphagia. J Nutr Health Aging. 2021;25:356\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12603-020-1528-8.","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"10957_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-022-06486-x","volume":"44","author":"BB Recasens","year":"2023","unstructured":"Recasens BB, Guillen-Sola A, Llorens JMM, Corbero AB, Moreno MV, Claramunt AA, et al. Ultrasonographic and manometric study of the tongue as biomarkers of dysphagia in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Neurol Sci. 2023;44:931\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-022-06486-x.","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10957_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"EP142","DOI":"10.1111\/ncn3.12058","volume":"4","author":"G Umemoto","year":"2016","unstructured":"Umemoto G, Furuya H, Arahata H, Sugahara M, Sakai M, Tsuboi Y. Relationship between tongue thickness and tongue pressure in neuromuscular disorders. Neurol Clin Neurosci. 2016;4:EP142-145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ncn3.12058.","journal-title":"Neurol Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10957_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-021-02225-5","volume":"21","author":"G Umemoto","year":"2021","unstructured":"Umemoto G, Fujioka S, Arahata H, Sakae N, Sasagasako N, Toda M, et al. Longitudinal changes of tongue thickness and tongue pressure in neuromuscular disorders. BMC Neurol. 2021;21:302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12883-021-02225-5.","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"10957_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000207833","volume":"102","author":"RHMJM Kroon","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kroon RHMJM, Kalf JG, De Swart BJM, Heskamp L, De Rooy JWJ, Van Engelen BGM, et al. Muscle MRI in patients with Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy: a longitudinal study. Neurology. 2024;102:e207833. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000207833.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10957_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2006.11.002","volume":"88","author":"J Robbins","year":"2007","unstructured":"Robbins J, Kays SA, Gangnon RE, Hind JA, Hewitt AL, Gentry LR, et al. The effects of lingual exercise in stroke patients with dysphagia. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;88:150\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2006.11.002.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10957_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13972","volume":"52","author":"J-S Park","year":"2025","unstructured":"Park J-S, Cho Y-S, Morishita M, Han N-M, Yoon T-H. Effect of multidirectional chin tuck against resistance exercise on oropharyngeal muscles and swallowing function in subacute stroke patients with dysphagia: a randomised controlled trial. J Oral Rehabil. 2025;52:1050\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joor.13972.","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"key":"10957_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2282","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.70031","volume":"52","author":"J-S Park","year":"2025","unstructured":"Park J-S, Kim H, Han N. Effects of multidirectional head lift exercise based on Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation techniques on oropharyngeal swallowing muscles in community-dwelling older adults with oral frailty. J Oral Rehabil. 2025;52:2282\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joor.70031.","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"key":"10957_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.70070","volume":"53","author":"J-S Park","year":"2026","unstructured":"Park J-S, Lee G, Chang M-Y. Suprahyoid muscle strengthening using a novel exercise device in older adults with oral hypofunction: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. J Oral Rehabil. 2026;53:184\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joor.70070.","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"key":"10957_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.10.001","volume":"51","author":"J Shuai","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shuai J, Pian L, Tian L, Wang L, Deng M, Cheng C. Application of B\u2009+\u2009M-Mode ultrasound in evaluating dysphagia in elderly stroke patients. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2025;51:273\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.10.001.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"10957_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.684840","volume":"8","author":"K-C Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen K-C, Lee T-M, Wu W-T, Wang T-G, Han D-S, Chang K-V. Assessment of tongue strength in sarcopenia and sarcopenic dysphagia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Nutr. 2021;8:684840. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2021.684840.","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"10957_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1225850","volume":"14","author":"K Swan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Swan K, Speyer R, Scharitzer M, Farneti D, Brown T, Woisard V, et al. Measuring what matters in healthcare: a practical guide to psychometric principles and instrument development. Front Psychol. 2023;14-2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1225850.","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"10957_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-018-9918-3","volume":"34","author":"K Swan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Swan K, Cordier R, Brown T, Speyer R. Psychometric properties of visuoperceptual measures of videofluoroscopic and fibre-endoscopic evaluations of swallowing: a systematic review. Dysphagia. 2019;34:2\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-018-9918-3.","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"10957_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12020721","volume":"12","author":"R Cordier","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cordier R, Speyer R, Martinez M, Parsons L. Reliability and validity of non-instrumental clinical assessments for adults with oropharyngeal dysphagia: a systematic review. J Clin Med. 2023;12:721. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12020721.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10957_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fresc.2021.708102","volume":"2","author":"M-Y Hsiao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hsiao M-Y, Wu C-H, Wang T-G. Emerging role of ultrasound in dysphagia assessment and intervention: a narrative review. Front Rehabil Sci. 2021;2:708102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fresc.2021.708102.","journal-title":"Front Rehabil Sci"},{"key":"10957_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0000000000000708","volume":"29","author":"JE Allen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Allen JE, Clunie GM, Winiker K. Ultrasound: an emerging modality for the dysphagia assessment toolkit? Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2021;29:213\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MOO.0000000000000708.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10957_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yun SJ, Seo HG, Lee SY, Cho B, Oh B-M. Sarcopenic Dysphagia Reconsidered: A Systematic Review of Complex Interactions and Diagnostic Challenges. Dysphagia. United States; 2026; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-025-10905-4","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-025-10905-4"},{"key":"10957_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-022-10418-4","volume":"37","author":"EM Diver","year":"2022","unstructured":"Diver EM, Regan J. Use of pharyngeal high-resolution manometry to evaluate dysphagia in adults with Motor Neurone Disease: a scoping review. Dysphagia. 2022;37:1697\u2013714. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-022-10418-4.","journal-title":"Dysphagia"}],"container-title":["Dysphagia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00455-026-10957-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00455-026-10957-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00455-026-10957-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T23:02:56Z","timestamp":1792537376000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00455-026-10957-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"references-count":150,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10957"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-026-10957-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0179-051X","1432-0460"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0179-051X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0460","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"EK is in receipt of a Clinical Doctoral Research Fellowship from Barts Charity (grant number: G-002784). ZP has received honoraria for consultancy from GlaxoSmithKline, Lyric Pharmaceuticals, Faraday Pharmaceuticals and Fresenius-Kabi, educational supportfrom Baxter and Nestle Health Science and speaker fees from Orion, Baxter, Sedana, Fresenius-Kabi and Nestle. None of these companies has taken part in the design, data collection, nor interpretation of data. There are no further competing interests declared by any of the other authors.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to Participate\/Publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}