{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T12:59:46Z","timestamp":1793019586941,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]],"date-time":"2018-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540166400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]],"date-time":"2018-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008743","name":"Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008743","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Surg Endosc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-018-6478-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]],"date-time":"2018-10-22T16:59:25Z","timestamp":1540227565000},"page":"1938-1943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Ergonomic analysis of laparoscopic and robotic surgical task performance at various experience levels"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Jorge G.","family":"Z\u00e1rate Rodriguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"Zihni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ikechukwu","family":"Ohu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime A.","family":"Cavallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuddhadeb","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sohyung","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Awad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"6478_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-014-1196-4","volume":"399","author":"H Fonouni","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fonouni H, Mehrabi A, Golriz M, Zeier M, Muller-Stich BP, Schemmer P, Werner J (2014) Comparison of the laparoscopic versus open live donor nephrectomy: an overview of surgical complications and outcome. Langenbecks Arch Surg 399(5):543\u2013551. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00423-014-1196-4","journal-title":"Langenbecks Arch Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"6478_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e318204bdf7","volume":"91","author":"ML Nicholson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nicholson ML, Elwell R, Kaushik M, Bagul A, Hosgood SA (2011) Health-related quality of life after living donor nephrectomy: a randomized controlled trial of laparoscopic versus open nephrectomy. Transplantation 91(4):457\u2013461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/TP.0b013e318204bdf7","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"issue":"5","key":"6478_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2012.03.005","volume":"204","author":"MZ Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li MZ, Lian L, Xiao LB, Wu WH, He YL, Song XM (2012) Laparoscopic versus open adhesiolysis in patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Surg 204(5):779\u2013786. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2012.03.005","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"6478_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-008-0141-4","volume":"23","author":"G Lee","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lee G, Lee T, Dexter D, Godinez C, Meenaghan N, Catania R, Park A (2009) Ergonomic risk associated with assisting in minimally invasive surgery. Surg Endosc 23(1):182\u2013188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-008-0141-4","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"7","key":"6478_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2168","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-010-1517-9","volume":"25","author":"Y Youssef","year":"2011","unstructured":"Youssef Y, Lee G, Godinez C, Sutton E, Klein RV, George IM, Seagull FJ, Park A (2011) Laparoscopic cholecystectomy poses physical injury risk to surgeons: analysis of hand technique and standing position. Surg Endosc 25(7):2168\u20132174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-010-1517-9","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"3","key":"6478_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2009.10.017","volume":"210","author":"A Park","year":"2010","unstructured":"Park A, Lee G, Seagull FJ, Meenaghan N, Dexter D (2010) Patients benefit while surgeons suffer: an impending epidemic. J Am Coll Surg 210(3):306\u2013313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2009.10.017","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"6478_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2008.01.008","volume":"15","author":"TN Payne","year":"2008","unstructured":"Payne TN, Dauterive FR (2008) A comparison of total laparoscopic hysterectomy to robotically assisted hysterectomy: surgical outcomes in a community practice. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 15(3):286\u2013291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmig.2008.01.008","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6478_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2016.03.058","volume":"203","author":"AM Zihni","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zihni AM, Cavallo JA, Ray S, Ohu I, Cho S, Awad MM (2016) Ergonomic analysis of primary and assistant surgical roles. J Surg Res 203(2):301\u2013305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2016.03.058","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"6478_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-013-3213-z","volume":"28","author":"GI Lee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lee GI, Lee MR, Clanton T, Sutton E, Park AE, Marohn MR (2014) Comparative assessment of physical and cognitive ergonomics associated with robotic and traditional laparoscopic surgeries. Surg Endosc 28(2):456\u2013465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-013-3213-z","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"3","key":"6478_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1177\/1553350607307956","volume":"14","author":"G Lee","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lee G, Lee T, Dexter D, Klein R, Park A (2007) Methodological infrastructure in surgical ergonomics: a review of tasks, models, and measurement systems. Surg Innov 14(3):153\u2013167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1553350607307956","journal-title":"Surg Innov"},{"issue":"12","key":"6478_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3379","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-014-3604-9","volume":"28","author":"AM Zihni","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zihni AM, Ohu I, Cavallo JA, Cho S, Awad MM (2014) Ergonomic analysis of robot-assisted and traditional laparoscopic procedures. Surg Endosc 28(12):3379\u20133384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-014-3604-9","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"9","key":"6478_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1177\/154193120605000909","volume":"50","author":"SG Hart","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hart SG (2006) Nasa-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX); 20 years later. Proc Hum Factors Ergonomics Soc Ann Meet 50(9):904\u2013908. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/154193120605000909","journal-title":"Proc Hum Factors Ergonomics Soc Ann Meet"},{"key":"6478_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hart SG, Lowell E (1988) Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): results of empirical and theoretical research. In: Advances in psychology, vol 52, pp\u00a0139\u2013183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4115(08)62386-9"},{"issue":"8","key":"6478_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2459","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-014-3497-7","volume":"28","author":"AM Zihni","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zihni AM, Ohu I, Cavallo JA, Ousley J, Cho S, Awad MM (2014) FLS tasks can be used as an ergonomic discriminator between laparoscopic and robotic surgery. Surg Endosc 28(8):2459\u20132465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-014-3497-7","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"8","key":"6478_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3286","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-016-5360-5","volume":"31","author":"R Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang R, Liang Z, Zihni AM, Ray S, Awad MM (2017) Which causes more ergonomic stress: laparoscopic or open surgery? Surg Endosc 31(8):3286\u20133290. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-016-5360-5","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-021-08879-z","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,22]],"date-time":"2021-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637539200000}}],"container-title":["Surgical Endoscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00464-018-6478-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00464-018-6478-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00464-018-6478-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,22]],"date-time":"2021-11-22T16:08:11Z","timestamp":1637597291000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00464-018-6478-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,12]]}},"alternative-id":["6478"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-018-6478-4","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1007\/s00464-021-08879-z","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0930-2794","1432-2218"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0930-2794","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2218","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 August 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 October 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 October 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 November 2021","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-021-08879-z","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-021-08879-z","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"Dr. Zihni received research grant funding for unrelated studies from the National Institutes of Health. Dr. Cavallo has received research grant funding for unrelated studies from the National Institutes of Health, the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES), and the American Hernia Society in collaboration with Davol\u00ae Incorporated; and has served as a one-time consultant for Guidepoint Global\u00ae Incorporated. Dr. Cho has received research grant funding from the Society of Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) and Intuitive, Surgical Inc. (Sunnyvale, CA) Dr. Awad has received research grant funding from the Society of Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) and Intuitive, Surgical Inc. (Sunnyvale, CA) Dr. Ohu has received unrelated research grants from the American Heart Association. Dr. Z\u00e1rate Rodriguez has no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosures"}}]}}