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Through multidisciplinary treatment, including radiochemotherapy and total mesorectal excision, survival has improved substantially. Consequently, more patients have to deal with side effects of treatment. The most recently introduced surgical technique is robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) which seems equally effective in terms of oncological control compared to laparoscopy. However, RAS enables further advantages which maximize the precision of surgery, thus providing better functional outcomes such as sexual function or contience without compromising oncological results. This review was done according to the PRISMA and AMSTAR-II guidelines and registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018104519). The search was planned with PICO criteria and conducted on Medline, Web of Science and CENTRAL. All screening steps were performed by two independent reviewers. Inclusion criteria were original, comparative studies for laparoscopy vs. RAS for rectal cancer and reporting of functional outcomes. Quality was assessed with the Newcastle\u2013Ottawa scale. The search retrieved 9703 hits, of which 51 studies with 24,319 patients were included. There was a lower rate of urinary retention (non-RCTs: Odds ratio (OR) [95% Confidence Interval (CI)] 0.65 [0.46, 0.92]; RCTs: OR[CI] 1.29[0.08, 21.47]), ileus (non-RCTs: OR[CI] 0.86[0.75, 0.98]; RCTs: OR[CI] 0.80[0.33, 1.93]), less urinary symptoms (non-RCTs mean difference (MD) [CI] \u2212\u00a00.60 [\u2212\u00a01.17, \u2212\u00a00.03]; RCTs: \u2212\u00a01.37 [\u2212\u00a04.18, 1.44]), and higher quality of life for RAS (only non-RCTs: MD[CI]: 2.99 [2.02, 3.95]). No significant differences were found for sexual function (non-RCTs: standardized MD[CI]: 0.46[\u2212\u00a00.13, 1.04]; RCTs: SMD[CI]: 0.09[\u2212\u00a00.14, 0.31]). The current meta-analysis suggests potential benefits for RAS over laparoscopy in terms of functional outcomes after rectal cancer resection. The current evidence is limited due to non-randomized controlled trials and reporting of functional outcomes as secondary endpoints.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-019-07361-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]],"date-time":"2020-02-05T20:03:31Z","timestamp":1580933011000},"page":"81-95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Functional outcomes after laparoscopic versus robotic-assisted rectal resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"K. 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Springer, New York"}],"container-title":["Surgical Endoscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00464-019-07361-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00464-019-07361-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00464-019-07361-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]],"date-time":"2021-02-04T00:14:23Z","timestamp":1612397663000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00464-019-07361-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["7361"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-019-07361-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0930-2794","1432-2218"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0930-2794","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2218","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 September 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 December 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 February 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"Felix Nickel reports receiving travel support for conference participation as well as equipment provided for laparoscopic surgery courses by KARL STORZ, Johnson & Johnson, Intuitive and Medtronic. Yakub Kulu has received travel and robotic surgery training support as well as financial support for conference participation by Inutituve Surgical and Medtronic. Karl-Friedrich Kowalewski, Laura Seifert, Seher Ali, Caelan Max Haney, Mona Schmidt, Svenja Seide, Christian Tapking, Andreas Shamiyeh, Thilo Hackert and Beat M\u00fcller-Stich have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosures"}}]}}