{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,8]],"date-time":"2026-11-08T04:08:45Z","timestamp":1794110925061,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]],"date-time":"2021-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625529600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]],"date-time":"2021-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"key project of Health Commission of Sichuan Province","award":["20ZD003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20ZD003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Surg Endosc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-021-08619-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]],"date-time":"2021-07-06T14:02:45Z","timestamp":1625580165000},"page":"3160-3168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["Artificial intelligence-based automated laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgical phase recognition and analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Ke","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaying","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shangdi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zixin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zijian","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingye","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"8619_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002693","volume":"268","author":"DA Hashimoto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hashimoto DA, Rosman G, Rus D, Meireles OR (2018) Artificial intelligence in surgery: promises and perils. Ann Surg 268:70\u201376","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"8619_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21056","volume":"542","author":"A Esteva","year":"2017","unstructured":"Esteva A, Kuprel B, Novoa RA, Ko J, Swetter SM, Blau HM, Thrun S (2017) Dermatologist-level classification of skin cancer with deep neural networks. Nature 542:115\u2013118","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"8619_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2013.04.007","volume":"17","author":"L Zappella","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zappella L, Bejar B, Hager G, Vidal R (2013) Surgical gesture classification from video and kinematic data. Med Image Anal 17:732\u2013745","journal-title":"Med Image Anal"},{"key":"8619_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2016.2593957","volume":"36","author":"AP Twinanda","year":"2017","unstructured":"Twinanda AP, Shehata S, Mutter D, Marescaux J, de Mathelin M, Padoy N (2017) EndoNet: a deep architecture for recognition tasks on laparoscopic videos. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 36:86\u201397","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"key":"8619_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000003460","volume":"270","author":"DA Hashimoto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hashimoto DA, Rosman G, Witkowski ER, Stafford C, Navarette-Welton AJ, Rattner DW, Lillemoe KD, Rus DL, Meireles OR (2019) Computer vision analysis of intraoperative video: automated recognition of operative steps in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Ann Surg 270:414\u2013421","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"8619_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16590","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-53091-8","volume":"9","author":"S Morita","year":"2019","unstructured":"Morita S, Tabuchi H, Masumoto H, Yamauchi T, Kamiura N (2019) Real-time extraction of important surgical phases in cataract surgery videos. Sci Rep 9:16590","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"8619_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-016-1371-x","volume":"11","author":"O Dergachyova","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dergachyova O, Bouget D, Huaulme A, Morandi X, Jannin P (2016) Automatic data-driven real-time segmentation and recognition of surgical workflow. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 11:1081\u20131089","journal-title":"Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg"},{"key":"8619_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2017.2787657","volume":"37","author":"Y Jin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jin Y, Dou Q, Chen H, Yu L, Qin J, Fu CW, Heng PA (2018) SV-RCNet: workflow recognition from surgical videos using recurrent convolutional network. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 37:1114\u20131126","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"key":"8619_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.517","volume":"25","author":"G Wakabayashi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wakabayashi G, Iwashita Y, Hibi T, Takada T, Strasberg SM, Asbun HJ, Endo I, Umezawa A, Asai K, Suzuki K, Mori Y, Okamoto K, Pitt HA, Han HS, Hwang TL, Yoon YS, Yoon DS, Choi IS, Huang WS, Gimenez ME, Garden OJ, Gouma DJ, Belli G, Dervenis C, Jagannath P, Chan ACW, Lau WY, Liu KH, Su CH, Misawa T, Nakamura M, Horiguchi A, Tagaya N, Fujioka S, Higuchi R, Shikata S, Noguchi Y, Ukai T, Yokoe M, Cherqui D, Honda G, Sugioka A, de Santibanes E, Supe AN, Tokumura H, Kimura T, Yoshida M, Mayumi T, Kitano S, Inomata M, Hirata K, Sumiyama Y, Inui K, Yamamoto M (2018) Tokyo Guidelines 2018: surgical management of acute cholecystitis: safe steps in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis (with videos). J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 25:73\u201386","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"key":"8619_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.375","volume":"23","author":"Y Iwashita","year":"2016","unstructured":"Iwashita Y, Ohyama T, Honda G, Hibi T, Yoshida M, Miura F, Takada T, Han HS, Hwang TL, Shinya S, Suzuki K, Umezawa A, Yoon YS, Choi IS, Huang WS, Chen KH, Watanabe M, Abe Y, Misawa T, Nagakawa Y, Yoon DS, Jang JY, Yu HC, Ahn KS, Kim SC, Song IS, Kim JH, Yun SS, Choi SH, Jan YY, Sheen-Chen SM, Shan YS, Ker CG, Chan DC, Lee KT, Toyota N, Higuchi R, Nakamura Y, Mizuguchi Y, Takeda Y, Ito M, Norimizu S, Yamada S, Matsumura N, Shindoh J, Sunagawa H, Hasegawa H, Rikiyama T, Sata N, Kano N, Kitano S, Tokumura H, Yamashita Y, Watanabe G, Nakagawa K, Kimura T, Yamakawa T, Wakabayashi G, Endo I, Miyazaki M, Yamamoto M (2016) What are the appropriate indicators of surgical difficulty during laparoscopic cholecystectomy? Results from a Japan\u2013Korea\u2013Taiwan multinational survey. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 23:533\u2013547","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"key":"8619_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4924","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-019-07281-0","volume":"34","author":"D Kitaguchi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kitaguchi D, Takeshita N, Matsuzaki H, Takano H, Owada Y, Enomoto T, Oda T, Miura H, Yamanashi T, Watanabe M, Sato D, Sugomori Y, Hara S, Ito M (2019) Real-time automatic surgical phase recognition in laparoscopic sigmoidectomy using the convolutional neural network-based deep learning approach. Surg Endosc 34:4924","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"8619_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.515","volume":"25","author":"M Yokoe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yokoe M, Hata J, Takada T, Strasberg SM, Asbun HJ, Wakabayashi G, Kozaka K, Endo I, Deziel DJ, Miura F, Okamoto K, Hwang TL, Huang WS, Ker CG, Chen MF, Han HS, Yoon YS, Choi IS, Yoon DS, Noguchi Y, Shikata S, Ukai T, Higuchi R, Gabata T, Mori Y, Iwashita Y, Hibi T, Jagannath P, Jonas E, Liau KH, Dervenis C, Gouma DJ, Cherqui D, Belli G, Garden OJ, Gimenez ME, de Santibanes E, Suzuki K, Umezawa A, Supe AN, Pitt HA, Singh H, Chan ACW, Lau WY, Teoh AYB, Honda G, Sugioka A, Asai K, Gomi H, Itoi T, Kiriyama S, Yoshida M, Mayumi T, Matsumura N, Tokumura H, Kitano S, Hirata K, Inui K, Sumiyama Y, Yamamoto M (2018) Tokyo Guidelines 2018: diagnostic criteria and severity grading of acute cholecystitis (with videos). J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 25:41\u201354","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"key":"8619_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-018-6417-4","volume":"33","author":"FC Meeuwsen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Meeuwsen FC, van Luyn F, Blikkendaal MD, Jansen FW, van den Dobbelsteen JJ (2019) Surgical phase modelling in minimal invasive surgery. Surg Endosc 33:1426\u20131432","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"8619_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2019.2931158","volume":"39","author":"S Kannan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kannan S, Yengera G, Mutter D, Marescaux J, Padoy N (2020) Future-state predicting LSTM for early surgery type recognition. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 39:556\u2013566","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"key":"8619_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3182a1599b","volume":"258","author":"CN Gutt","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gutt CN, Encke J, Koninger J, Harnoss JC, Weigand K, Kipfmuller K, Schunter O, Gotze T, Golling MT, Menges M, Klar E, Feilhauer K, Zoller WG, Ridwelski K, Ackmann S, Baron A, Schon MR, Seitz HK, Daniel D, Stremmel W, Buchler MW (2013) Acute cholecystitis: early versus delayed cholecystectomy, a multicenter randomized trial (ACDC study, NCT00447304). Ann Surg 258:385\u2013393","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"8619_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2010.02.053","volume":"211","author":"SM Strasberg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Strasberg SM, Brunt LM (2010) Rationale and use of the critical view of safety in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. J Am Coll Surg 211:132\u2013138","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"8619_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.616","volume":"26","author":"SM Strasberg","year":"2019","unstructured":"Strasberg SM (2019) A three-step conceptual roadmap for avoiding bile duct injury in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: an invited perspective review. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 26:123\u2013127","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"key":"8619_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1007\/s00534-012-0548-0","volume":"19","author":"M Yokoe","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yokoe M, Takada T, Strasberg SM, Solomkin JS, Mayumi T, Gomi H, Pitt HA, Gouma DJ, Garden OJ, Buchler MW, Kiriyama S, Kimura Y, Tsuyuguchi T, Itoi T, Yoshida M, Miura F, Yamashita Y, Okamoto K, Gabata T, Hata J, Higuchi R, Windsor JA, Bornman PC, Fan ST, Singh H, de Santibanes E, Kusachi S, Murata A, Chen XP, Jagannath P, Lee S, Padbury R, Chen MF, Tokyo Guidelines Revision C (2012) New diagnostic criteria and severity assessment of acute cholecystitis in revised Tokyo Guidelines. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 19:578\u2013585","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"key":"8619_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1080\/14737140.2018.1520098","volume":"18","author":"L Huang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huang L, Li TJ (2018) Laparoscopic surgery for gastric cancer: where are we now and where are we going? Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 18:1145\u20131157","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anticancer Ther"},{"key":"8619_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-012-2220-9","volume":"26","author":"VN Palter","year":"2012","unstructured":"Palter VN, Grantcharov TP (2012) A prospective study demonstrating the reliability and validity of two procedure-specific evaluation tools to assess operative competence in laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Surg Endosc 26:2489\u20132503","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"8619_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10145","volume":"103","author":"JR De Siqueira","year":"2016","unstructured":"De Siqueira JR, Gough MJ (2016) Correlation between experience targets and competence for general surgery certification. Br J Surg 103:921\u2013927","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"8619_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002232","volume":"266","author":"A Langerman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Langerman A, Grantcharov TP (2017) Are we ready for our close-up?: why and how we must embrace video in the OR. Ann Surg 266:934\u2013936","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"8619_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2016.4619","volume":"152","author":"YY Hu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hu YY, Mazer LM, Yule SJ, Arriaga AF, Greenberg CC, Lipsitz SR, Gawande AA, Smink DS (2017) Complementing operating room teaching with video-based coaching. JAMA Surg 152:318\u2013325","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"8619_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2005.02.021","volume":"201","author":"JR Korndorffer Jr","year":"2005","unstructured":"Korndorffer JR Jr, Dunne JB, Sierra R, Stefanidis D, Touchard CL, Scott DJ (2005) Simulator training for laparoscopic suturing using performance goals translates to the operating room. J Am Coll Surg 201:23\u201329","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"8619_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2007.02.080","volume":"205","author":"D Stefanidis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Stefanidis D, Korndorffer JR Jr, Markley S, Sierra R, Heniford BT, Scott DJ (2007) Closing the gap in operative performance between novices and experts: does harder mean better for laparoscopic simulator training? J Am Coll Surg 205:307\u2013313","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"8619_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2020.1004","volume":"155","author":"NJ Curtis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Curtis NJ, Foster JD, Miskovic D, Brown CSB, Hewett PJ, Abbott S, Hanna GB, Stevenson ARL, Francis NK (2020) Association of surgical skill assessment with clinical outcomes in cancer surgery. JAMA Surg 155:590","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"8619_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-005-0157-z","volume":"30","author":"B Tang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tang B, Hanna GB, Carter F, Adamson GD, Martindale JP, Cuschieri A (2006) Competence assessment of laparoscopic operative and cognitive skills: objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) or observational clinical human reliability assessment (OCHRA). World J Surg 30:527\u2013534","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"8619_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-016-1444-4","volume":"20","author":"JD Foster","year":"2016","unstructured":"Foster JD, Miskovic D, Allison AS, Conti JA, Ockrim J, Cooper EJ, Hanna GB, Francis NK (2016) Application of objective clinical human reliability analysis (OCHRA) in assessment of technical performance in laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery. Tech Coloproctol 20:361\u2013367","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"key":"8619_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2020.06.027","volume":"221","author":"CM Pugh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pugh CM, Hashimoto DA, Korndorffer JR Jr (2020) The what? How? And who? Of video based assessment. Am J Surg 221:13","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"8619_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1300625","volume":"369","author":"JD Birkmeyer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Birkmeyer JD, Finks JF, O\u2019Reilly A, Oerline M, Carlin AM, Nunn AR, Dimick J, Banerjee M, Birkmeyer NJ, Michigan Bariatric Surgery C (2013) Surgical skill and complication rates after bariatric surgery. N Engl J Med 369:1434\u20131442","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Surgical Endoscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00464-021-08619-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00464-021-08619-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00464-021-08619-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]],"date-time":"2022-04-11T15:14:50Z","timestamp":1649690090000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00464-021-08619-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["8619"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-021-08619-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0930-2794","1432-2218"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0930-2794","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2218","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 January 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 June 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 July 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declaration"}},{"value":"Dr. Ke Cheng, Dr. Jiaying You, Dr. Shangdi Wu, Dr. Zixin Chen, Dr. Zijian Zhou, Mr. Jingye Guan, Prof. Bing Peng and Dr. Xin Wang have no conflict of interest or financial ties to disclose. This work is supported by key project of Health Commission of Sichuan Province, China (20ZD003).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure"}}]}}