{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T10:25:01Z","timestamp":1782210301449,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Surg Endosc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Umbilical hernias are a common surgical pathology. Umbilical hernias 2\u00a0cm or less are generally treated with open primary suture repair with associated risk of recurrence up to 27 percent. A variety of suture and repair techniques are used with little evidence to suggest which provides the lowest risk of recurrence. The primary goal of our study is to evaluate recurrence rates between primary umbilical hernia repairs with braided and monofilament suture.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective review of primary umbilical hernia repairs in patients over the age of 18 performed at a single institution by a group of ten surgeons from November 2018 to November 2023. The primary outcome was comparison of recurrence rates between braided and monofilament suture. Secondary outcomes include recurrence rate of monofilament absorbable versus permanent repair, recurrence rate by repair method, rates of wound infection and suture granulomas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated 797 patients that met inclusion criteria with a mean age of 50.9\u00a0years, mean BMI 29.6, mean CCI 1.64, and 77% male. We had a 46-month average follow-up via chart review. Mean hernia size was 1.11\u00a0cm. 86.4% were repaired with braided (Ethibond) and 13.6% with monofilament (PDS or Prolene) suture. Recurrence rate was 3.9% versus 5.6% for braided and monofilament, respectively, with no significant difference. The incidence of wound complications was not significant between the two groups. There was an increased recurrence rate using the pants over vest repair technique.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study indicates that the type of suture used in primary umbilical hernia repairs does not significantly impact the rates of recurrence, wound infection, or suture granuloma formation. However, the pants-over-vest technique is associated with a higher recurrence rate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-025-12212-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T14:35:14Z","timestamp":1758119714000},"page":"7767-7771","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Primary umbilical hernia repair: does suture type matter?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7974-7652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex","family":"Finn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Hawes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tien","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madi","family":"Mangione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Kuselias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Zambito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Banks-Venegoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"12212_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s10029-011-0863-4","volume":"16","author":"MA Bedewi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bedewi MA, El-Sharkawy MS, Al Boukai AA, Al-Nakshabandi N (2012) Prevalence of adult paraumbilical hernia. Assessment by high-resolution sonography: a hospital-based study. Hernia 16(1):59\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10029-011-0863-4","journal-title":"Hernia"},{"issue":"5","key":"12212_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2016.505","volume":"152","author":"DA Shankar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shankar DA, Itani KMF, O\u2019Brien WJ, Sanchez VM (2017) Factors associated with long-term outcomes of umbilical hernia repair. JAMA Surg 152(5):461\u2013466. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamasurg.2016.505","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"12212_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.11489","volume":"107","author":"NA Henriksen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Henriksen NA, Montgomery A, Kaufmann R et al (2020) Guidelines for treatment of umbilical and epigastric hernias from the European Hernia Society and Americas Hernia Society. Br J Surg 107(3):171\u2013190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bjs.11489","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"12212_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000001701","volume":"265","author":"MK Liang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liang MK, Holihan JL, Itani K et al (2017) Ventral hernia management: expert consensus guided by systematic review. Ann Surg 265(1):80\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0000000000001701","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"12212_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-021-01358-1","volume":"21","author":"J Mannion","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mannion J, Hamed MK, Negi R, Johnston A, Bucholc M, Sugrue M (2021) Umbilical hernia repair and recurrence: need for a clinical trial? BMC Surg 21(1):365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12893-021-01358-1","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"12212_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1177\/0003134820971624","volume":"87","author":"Z Tao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tao Z, Ordonez J, Huerta S (2021) Hernia size and mesh placement in primary umbilical hernia repair. Am Surg 87(6):1005\u20131013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0003134820971624","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"12212_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481908501018","volume":"85","author":"E Kang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kang E, Collins JC (2019) Primary umbilical hernia repair: a large-volume single-surgeon study. Am Surg 85(10):1159\u20131161","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"12212_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0007-1323.2001.01893.x","volume":"88","author":"A Arroyo","year":"2001","unstructured":"Arroyo A, Garc\u00eda P, P\u00e9rez F, Andreu J, Candela F, Calpena R (2001) Randomized clinical trial comparing suture and mesh repair of umbilical hernia in adults. Br J Surg 88(10):1321\u20131323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.0007-1323.2001.01893.x","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"12212_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005661.pub2","author":"SV Patel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Patel SV, Paskar DD, Nelson RL, Vedula SS, Steele SR (2017) Closure methods for laparotomy incisions for preventing incisional hernias and other wound complications. Cochrane Database of Syst Rev. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD005661.pub2","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Syst Rev"},{"issue":"10000","key":"12212_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60459-7","volume":"386","author":"EB Deerenberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Deerenberg EB, Harlaar JJ, Steyerberg EW, Lont HE, van Doorn HC, Heisterkamp J, Wijnhoven BP, Schouten WR, Cense HA, Stockmann HB, Berends FJ, Dijkhuizen FPH, Dwarkasing RS, Jairam AP, van Ramshorst GH, Kleinrensink GJ, Jeekel J, Lange JF (2015) Small bites versus large bites for closure of abdominal midline incisions (STITCH): a double-blind, multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 386(10000):1254\u20131260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60459-7","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Surgical Endoscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00464-025-12212-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00464-025-12212-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00464-025-12212-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T18:36:45Z","timestamp":1763145405000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00464-025-12212-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["12212"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-025-12212-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0930-2794","1432-2218"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0930-2794","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2218","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 September 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Alex Finn, Kristin Hawes, Tien Hua, M. Mangione, Elizabeth Martin, Stephen Kuselias, Giuseppe Zambito and Amy Banks-Venegoni have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure"}}]}}