{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:17:38Z","timestamp":1787062658052,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":140,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017804","name":"City of Hope","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017804","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Surg Endosc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Severe obesity (body mass index\u2009\u2265\u200940\u00a0kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      or\u2009\u2265\u200935\u00a0kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      with obesity-related comorbidities) is increasingly prevalent and independently associated with elevated perioperative morbidity and inferior oncologic outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite these risks, intentional preoperative weight optimization is not routinely incorporated into CRC management, owing to concerns regarding treatment delay, absence of guideline endorsement, and limited supporting evidence.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A literature review was conducted using PubMed and Embase to evaluate the impact of severe obesity on morbidity, mortality, and oncologic outcomes in CRC. Peer-reviewed English-language studies involving adult human subjects were included, while conference abstracts, non-English publications, and studies unrelated to obesity and CRC were excluded. In the absence of published reports describing synchronized weight loss and CRC management in patients with severe obesity, three novel retrospective case examples were included to demonstrate feasibility during neoadjuvant treatment, with institutional review board approval obtained for all cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Severe obesity complicates CRC staging due to limitations in cross-sectional imaging and anatomic delineation. Furthermore, severe and particularly visceral obesity is associated with increased rates of anastomotic leak, surgical site infection, and conversion to open surgery. Current CRC guidelines do not incorporate structured weight-loss strategies into standard treatment algorithms. Metabolic bariatric procedures, such as sleeve gastrectomy, achieve rapid and clinically meaningful weight reduction, often resulting in improved operative exposure and technical conditions for subsequent resection. Pharmacologic therapies, while more broadly accessible and less invasive, typically yield more modest reductions in visceral adiposity. Task force members report early experience across three distinct cases of locally advanced CRC in patients with severe obesity, demonstrating successful preoperative visceral fat reduction through multidisciplinary coordination incorporating metabolic bariatric surgery or pharmacologic therapy during neoadjuvant windows, followed by definitive oncologic resection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Severe obesity adversely influences CRC staging, operative complexity, and perioperative outcomes. Intentional metabolic optimization\u2014through bariatric surgery or pharmacologic therapy\u2014may represent a viable adjunct within multidisciplinary, patient-centered CRC care pathways. However, the absence of prospective short- and long-term outcome data underscores the need for systematic investigation to define optimal timing, safety parameters, and oncologic efficacy of weight-loss interventions in this high-risk population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-026-12878-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T16:01:38Z","timestamp":1779120098000},"page":"4529-4547","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["SAGES colorectal and metabolic bariatric surgery committee joint task force call to action for synchronized severe obesity and colorectal cancer management"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4343-5189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas M.","family":"Kaiser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Carmichael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Aminpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nawar A.","family":"Alkhamesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Sofia","family":"Ore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siva","family":"Dantu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelyn Janet","family":"Bonilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"deBeche-Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mukta K.","family":"Krane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farah A.","family":"Husain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar M.","family":"Ghanem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nour El","family":"Ghazal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Sylla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth C.","family":"McLemore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"12878_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2023.03.001","volume":"52","author":"JQ Purnell","year":"2023","unstructured":"Purnell JQ (2023) What is obesity?: definition as a disease, with implications for care. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 52:261\u2013275","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin North Am"},{"key":"12878_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Expert Panel on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults (1998) Executive summary of the clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults. Arch Intern Med 158:1855\u20131867","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.17.1855"},{"key":"12878_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15268-3","volume":"363","author":"WHO Expert Consultation","year":"2004","unstructured":"WHO Expert Consultation (2004) Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet 363:157\u2013163 (Erratum in: Lancet. 2004 Mar 13;363(9412):902. PMID: 14726171)","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"12878_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-017-3362-9","volume":"21","author":"OO Ozoya","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ozoya OO, Siegel EM, Srikumar T, Bloomer AM, DeRenzis A, Shibata D (2017) Quantitative assessment of visceral obesity and postoperative colon cancer outcomes. J Gastrointest Surg 21:534\u2013542","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1825","volume":"33","author":"MC Amato","year":"2010","unstructured":"Amato MC, Giordano C, Galia M et al (2010) Visceral adiposity index: a reliable indicator of visceral fat function associated with cardiometabolic risk. Diabetes Care 33:920\u2013922","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"12878_CR6","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2025) Obesity and overweight. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/obesity-and-overweight. Accessed Aug 12, 2025"},{"key":"12878_CR7","unstructured":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (2021) Overweight and obesity statistics. National Institutes of Health. https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/health-statistics\/overweight-obesity. Accessed Aug 9, 2025"},{"key":"12878_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-88","volume":"9","author":"DP Guh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Guh DP, Zhang W, Bansback N, Amarsi Z, Birmingham CL, Anis AH (2009) The incidence of co-morbidities related to obesity and overweight: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 9:88","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"12878_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2440","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1909301","volume":"381","author":"ZJ Ward","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ward ZJ, Bleich SN, Cradock AL et al (2019) Projected U.S. state-level prevalence of adult obesity and severe obesity. N Engl J Med 381:2440\u20132450","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"12878_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-12449-2","volume":"22","author":"J Hecker","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hecker J, Freijer K, Hiligsmann M, Evers S (2022) Burden of disease study of overweight and obesity; the societal impact in terms of cost-of-illness and health-related quality of life. BMC Public Health 22:46","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"12878_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001673","volume":"11","author":"CM Kitahara","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kitahara CM, Flint AJ, Berrington de Gonzalez A et al (2014) Association between class III obesity (BMI of 40-59 kg\/m2) and mortality: a pooled analysis of 20 prospective studies. PLoS Med 11:e1001673","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"12878_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60269-X","volume":"371","author":"AG Renehan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Renehan AG, Tyson M, Egger M, Heller RF, Zwahlen M (2008) Body-mass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Lancet 371:569\u2013578","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"12878_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4277","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2016.67.9712","volume":"34","author":"BD Hopkins","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hopkins BD, Goncalves MD, Cantley LC (2016) Obesity and cancer mechanisms: cancer metabolism. J Clin Oncol 34:4277\u20134283","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"12878_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-022-10050-6","volume":"41","author":"MS Bohm","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bohm MS, Sipe LM, Pye ME, Davis MJ, Pierre JF, Makowski L (2022) The role of obesity and bariatric surgery-induced weight loss in breast cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 41:673\u2013695","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev"},{"key":"12878_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2018.11.001","volume":"92","author":"KI Avgerinos","year":"2019","unstructured":"Avgerinos KI, Spyrou N, Mantzoros CS, Dalamaga M (2019) Obesity and cancer risk: Emerging biological mechanisms and perspectives. Metabolism 92:121\u2013135","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"12878_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20170931","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20170931","volume":"91","author":"RN Uppot","year":"2018","unstructured":"Uppot RN (2018) Technical challenges of imaging & image-guided interventions in obese patients. Br J Radiol 91:20170931","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"12878_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2016150198","volume":"36","author":"DM Fursevich","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fursevich DM, LiMarzi GM, O\u2019Dell MC, Hernandez MA, Sensakovic WF (2016) Bariatric CT imaging: challenges and solutions. Radiographics 36:1076\u20131086","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"12878_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radi.2022.02.010","volume":"28","author":"DM Hudson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hudson DM, Heales C, Meertens R (2022) Review of claustrophobia incidence in MRI: a service evaluation of current rates across a multi-centre service. Radiography (Lond) 28:780\u2013787","journal-title":"Radiography (Lond)"},{"key":"12878_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29652","volume":"90","author":"A Shamim","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shamim A, Panagiotopoulos N, Spahic A et al (2023) Fat mitigation strategies to improve image quality of radial 4D flow MRI in obese subjects. Magn Reson Med 90:444\u2013457","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"12878_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15173737","author":"CM Cuttica","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cuttica CM, Briata IM, DeCensi A (2023) Novel treatments for obesity: implications for cancer prevention and treatment. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15173737","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"12878_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20743-7","volume":"12","author":"M Das","year":"2021","unstructured":"Das M, Ellies LG, Kumar D et al (2021) Time-restricted feeding normalizes hyperinsulinemia to inhibit breast cancer in obese postmenopausal mouse models. Nat Commun 12:565","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"12878_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"04067","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.14.04067","volume":"14","author":"X Shi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shi X, Deng G, Wen H et al (2024) Role of body mass index and weight change in the risk of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 66 cohort studies. J Glob Health 14:04067","journal-title":"J Glob Health"},{"key":"12878_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2020.0089","volume":"155","author":"L Bailly","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bailly L, Fabre R, Pradier C, Iannelli A (2020) Colorectal cancer risk following bariatric surgery in a nationwide study of French individuals with obesity. JAMA Surg 155:395\u2013402","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2293","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-023-06674-4","volume":"33","author":"MG Davey","year":"2023","unstructured":"Davey MG, Ryan OK, Ryan EJ et al (2023) The impact of bariatric surgery on the incidence of colorectal cancer in patients with obesity-a systematic review and meta-analysis of registry data. Obes Surg 33:2293\u20132302","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000002395","volume":"66","author":"J Park","year":"2023","unstructured":"Park J, Rivard SJ, Maguire L, Varlamos C, Duby A, Hendren S (2023) Parastomal hernia rates and exercise after ostomy surgery. Dis Colon Rectum 66:823\u2013830","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"12878_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-017-2909-2","volume":"33","author":"PA Rees","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rees PA, Clouston HW, Duff S, Kirwan CC (2018) Colorectal cancer and thrombosis. Int J Colorectal Dis 33:105\u2013108","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"12878_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2015.1057","volume":"150","author":"DW Nelson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Colorectal Writing Group for Surgical Care Outcomes Assessment Program-Comparative Effectiveness Research Translation Network C, Nelson DW, Simianu VV et al (2015) Thromboembolic complications and prophylaxis patterns in colorectal surgery. JAMA Surg 150:712\u2013720","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3340","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2025016044","volume":"9","author":"N Vladic","year":"2025","unstructured":"Vladic N, Englisch C, Berger JM et al (2025) Validation of risk assessment models for venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer receiving systemic therapies. Blood Adv 9:3340\u20133349","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"12878_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5576","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2024-210821","volume":"144","author":"H Mahadevia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mahadevia H, Mohamed Y, Cheng AL, Suman S, Shrestha A (2024) Incidence of venous thromboembolism in patients with different classes of obesity in comparison to inherited thrombophilias. Blood 144:5576\u20135577","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"12878_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.15386\/mpr-1372","volume":"93","author":"C Hotoleanu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hotoleanu C (2020) Association between obesity and venous thromboembolism. Med Pharm Rep 93:162\u2013168","journal-title":"Med Pharm Rep"},{"key":"12878_CR31","volume":"16","author":"H Iqbal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Iqbal H (2024) Venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis on discharge following major cancer surgery in the abdomen: improving compliance with national guidelines. Cureus 16:e73186","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"12878_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3898","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2019000975","volume":"3","author":"DR Anderson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Anderson DR, Morgano GP, Bennett C et al (2019) American Society of Hematology 2019 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: prevention of venous thromboembolism in surgical hospitalized patients. Blood Adv 3:3898\u20133944","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"12878_CR33","first-page":"107","volume":"4","author":"AC Mohn","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mohn AC, Egge J, Rokke O (2011) Low risk of thromboembolic complications after fast-track abdominal surgery with thrombosis-prophylaxis only during hospital stay. Gastroenterol Res 4:107\u2013113","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res"},{"key":"12878_CR34","volume":"11","author":"FC Amaral","year":"2022","unstructured":"Amaral FC, Baptista-Silva JC, Nakano LC, Flumignan RL (2022) Pharmacological interventions for preventing venous thromboembolism in people undergoing bariatric surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 11:CD013683","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"12878_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.5455\/aim.2024.32.201-206","volume":"32","author":"T Mazahreh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mazahreh T, Al-Jarrah M, Al-Salhi A et al (2024) Assessing the efficacy of extended postoperative enoxaparin as thromboprophylaxis for patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a prospective analysis. Acta Inform Med 32:201\u2013206","journal-title":"Acta Inform Med"},{"key":"12878_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1982","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.15767","volume":"23","author":"D Kostadinov","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kostadinov D, Tzivanakis A, Ubhayakar G et al (2021) Indications and long-term outcomes of preoperative inferior vena caval filters in 111 patients at high risk of pulmonary embolism undergoing major abdominal surgery. Colorectal Dis 23:1982\u20131988","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"12878_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1581088","volume":"33","author":"E DeYoung","year":"2016","unstructured":"DeYoung E, Minocha J (2016) Inferior vena cava filters: guidelines, best practice, and expanding indications. Semin Intervent Radiol 33:65\u201370","journal-title":"Semin Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"12878_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004772","volume":"132","author":"TS Moon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moon TS, Van de Putte P, De Baerdemaeker L, Schumann R (2021) The obese patient: facts, fables, and best practices. Anesth Analg 132:53\u201364","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"12878_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-022-01579-8","volume":"22","author":"R Seyni-Boureima","year":"2022","unstructured":"Seyni-Boureima R, Zhang Z, Antoine M, Antoine-Frank CD (2022) A review on the anesthetic management of obese patients undergoing surgery. BMC Anesthesiol 22:98","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"12878_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i16","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeq312","volume":"105","author":"J Ingrande","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ingrande J, Lemmens HJ (2010) Dose adjustment of anaesthetics in the morbidly obese. Br J Anaesth 105(Suppl 1):i16-23","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"12878_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199809000-00031","volume":"87","author":"P Pelosi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Pelosi P, Croci M, Ravagnan I et al (1998) The effects of body mass on lung volumes, respiratory mechanics, and gas exchange during general anesthesia. Anesth Analg 87:654\u2013660","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"12878_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000072547.75928.B0","volume":"97","author":"P Juvin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Juvin P, Lavaut E, Dupont H et al (2003) Difficult tracheal intubation is more common in obese than in lean patients. Anesth Analg 97:595\u2013600","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"12878_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.12726","volume":"16","author":"L Bokey","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bokey L, Chapuis PH, Dent OF (2014) Impact of obesity on complications after resection for rectal cancer. Colorectal Dis 16:896\u2013906","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"12878_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2013.05.016","volume":"207","author":"R Amri","year":"2014","unstructured":"Amri R, Bordeianou LG, Sylla P, Berger DL (2014) Obesity, outcomes and quality of care: body mass index increases the risk of wound-related complications in colon cancer surgery. Am J Surg 207:17\u201323","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.4240\/wjgs.v7.i10.261","volume":"7","author":"M Chand","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chand M, De\u2019Ath HD, Siddiqui M et al (2015) Obese patients have similar short-term outcomes to non-obese in laparoscopic colorectal surgery. World J Gastrointest Surg 7:261\u2013266","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-015-2376-6","volume":"31","author":"M Frasson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Frasson M, Granero-Castro P, Ramos Rodriguez JL et al (2016) Risk factors for anastomotic leak and postoperative morbidity and mortality after elective right colectomy for cancer: results from a prospective, multicentric study of 1102 patients. Int J Colorectal Dis 31:105\u2013114","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"12878_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1159\/000479852","volume":"33","author":"B Gebauer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gebauer B, Meyer F, Ptok H et al (2017) Impact of body mass index on early postoperative and long-term outcome after rectal cancer surgery. Visc Med 33:373\u2013382","journal-title":"Visc Med"},{"key":"12878_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-019-04925-z","volume":"43","author":"C Heus","year":"2019","unstructured":"Heus C, Bakker N, Verduin WM, Doodeman HJ, Houdijk APJ (2019) Impact of body composition on surgical outcome in rectal cancer patients, a retrospective cohort study. World J Surg 43:1370\u20131376","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR49","first-page":"1552","volume":"107","author":"O Peacock","year":"2020","unstructured":"Peacock O, Limvorapitak T, Hu CY et al (2020) Robotic rectal cancer surgery: comparative study of the impact of obesity on early outcomes. Br J Surg 107:1552\u20131557","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3705","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2021.22.11.3705","volume":"22","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Liu Q, Chen J, Mei S, Liang J, Wang Z (2021) Short-term outcomes for laparoscopic surgery for BMI>\/=30 patients with rectal cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 22:3705\u20133709","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"12878_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/s11701-021-01235-2","volume":"16","author":"E Hannan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hannan E, Troy A, Feeney G et al (2022) The impact of body mass index on outcomes in robotic colorectal surgery: a single-centre experience. J Robot Surg 16:279\u2013285","journal-title":"J Robot Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1007\/s11701-024-01945-3","volume":"18","author":"S Zhao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhao S, Li R, Zhou J et al (2024) Comparison of robotic versus laparoscopic surgery for visceral obesity in mid-low rectal cancer: a propensity-matched analysis. J Robot Surg 18:178","journal-title":"J Robot Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000000097","volume":"57","author":"RK Smith","year":"2014","unstructured":"Smith RK, Broach RB, Hedrick TL, Mahmoud NN, Paulson EC (2014) Impact of BMI on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing proctectomy for rectal cancer: a national surgical quality improvement program analysis. Dis Colon Rectum 57:687\u2013693","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"12878_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481608200418","volume":"82","author":"RD Winfield","year":"2016","unstructured":"Winfield RD, Reese S, Bochicchio K, Mazuski JE, Bochicchio GV (2016) Obesity and the risk for surgical site infection in abdominal surgery. Am Surg 82:331\u2013336","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2503","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-018-6538-9","volume":"33","author":"S Docimo Jr","year":"2019","unstructured":"Docimo S Jr, Spaniolas K, Svestka M et al (2019) Increased incidence of surgical site infection with a body mass index >\/= 35 kg\/m(2) following abdominal wall reconstruction with open component separation. Surg Endosc 33:2503\u20132507","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"12878_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2019.165","volume":"40","author":"AP Meijs","year":"2019","unstructured":"Meijs AP, Koek MBG, Vos MC, Geerlings SE, Vogely HC, de Greeff SC (2019) The effect of body mass index on the risk of surgical site infection. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 40:991\u2013996","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"12878_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2021.03.019","volume":"221","author":"KR Unruh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Unruh KR, Bastawrous AL, Kaplan JA, Moonka R, Rashidi L, Simianu VV (2021) The impact of obesity on minimally invasive colorectal surgery: a report from the surgical care outcomes assessment program collaborative. Am J Surg 221:1211\u20131220","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-025-03181-9","volume":"29","author":"X Huang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Huang X, Xiao Z, Huang Z (2025) A simple and effective evaluation method to determine the difficulty of total mesorectal excision for male patients with mid and lower rectal cancer. Tech Coloproctol 29:145","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"key":"12878_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1097\/COC.0000000000000150","volume":"40","author":"IJ Park","year":"2017","unstructured":"Park IJ, You YN, Skibber JM et al (2017) Oncologic and functional hazards of obesity among patients with locally advanced rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy. Am J Clin Oncol 40:277\u2013282","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"12878_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2017.07.022","volume":"43","author":"Y Sun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sun Y, Xu Z, Lin H et al (2017) Impact of body mass index on treatment outcome of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 43:1828\u20131834","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"12878_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-022-04174-y","volume":"37","author":"VKB Kohl","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kohl VKB, Weber K, Brunner M et al (2022) Factors influencing downstaging after neoadjuvant long-course chemoradiotherapy in rectal carcinoma. Int J Colorectal Dis 37:1355\u20131365","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"12878_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-019-01778-w","volume":"49","author":"X Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang X, Wu Q, Gu C, Hu T, Bi L, Wang Z (2019) The effect of increased body mass index values on surgical outcomes after radical resection for low rectal cancer. Surg Today 49:401\u2013409","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"key":"12878_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000000051","volume":"57","author":"JE Hrabe","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hrabe JE, Sherman SK, Charlton ME, Cromwell JW, Byrn JC (2014) Effect of BMI on outcomes in proctectomy. Dis Colon Rectum 57:608\u2013615","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"12878_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2018.05.027","volume":"44","author":"YQM Poelemeijer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Poelemeijer YQM, Lijftogt N, Detering R, Fiocco M, Tollenaar R, Wouters M (2018) Obesity as a determinant of perioperative and postoperative outcome in patients following colorectal cancer surgery: a population-based study (2009-2016). Eur J Surg Oncol 44:1849\u20131857","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"12878_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1303686","volume":"14","author":"F Guo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guo F, Xia C, Wang Z et al (2024) Nomogram for predicting the surgical difficulty of laparoscopic total mesorectal excision and exploring the technical advantages of robotic surgery. Front Oncol 14:1303686","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"12878_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2000","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.19897","volume":"330","author":"A Elmaleh-Sachs","year":"2023","unstructured":"Elmaleh-Sachs A, Schwartz JL, Bramante CT, Nicklas JM, Gudzune KA, Jay M (2023) Obesity management in adults: a review. JAMA 330:2000\u20132015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"12878_CR67","first-page":"S95","volume":"25","author":"RJ Beeken","year":"2017","unstructured":"Beeken RJ, Croker H, Heinrich M et al (2017) The impact of diet-induced weight loss on biomarkers for colorectal cancer: an exploratory study (INTERCEPT). Obesity (Silver Spring) 25(Suppl 2):S95\u2013S101","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"12878_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-019-02074-y","volume":"23","author":"S Bell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bell S, Malouf P, Johnson N et al (2019) Pelvic fat volume reduction with preoperative very low energy diet (VLED): implications for rectal cancer surgery in the obese. Tech Coloproctol 23:887\u2013892","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"key":"12878_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-024-03015-0","volume":"28","author":"T McKechnie","year":"2024","unstructured":"McKechnie T, Kazi T, Shi V et al (2024) Preoperative very low-energy diets for obese patients undergoing intra-abdominal colorectal surgery: a retrospective cohort study (RetroPREPARE). Tech Coloproctol 28:134","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"key":"12878_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1910","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.16687","volume":"25","author":"DA Koutoukidis","year":"2023","unstructured":"Koutoukidis DA, Jebb SA, Foster C et al (2023) CARE: Protocol of a randomised trial evaluating the feasibility of preoperative intentional weight loss to support postoperative recovery in patients with excess weight and colorectal cancer. Colorectal Dis 25:1910\u20131920","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"12878_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.47126","volume":"8","author":"DA Koutoukidis","year":"2025","unstructured":"Koutoukidis DA, Jebb SA, Reynolds S et al (2025) Preoperative weight loss in patients with excess weight and colorectal cancer: the CARE feasibility randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw Open 8:e2547126","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"12878_CR72","first-page":"77","volume":"2025","author":"I Grandone","year":"1985","unstructured":"Grandone I, Nannipieri M, Conte C, Cava E, Schiavo L (1985) Preoperative weight loss by noninvasive approach in patients with obesity scheduled for bariatric and metabolic surgery: an update narrative review of indications and results available until 2024. Updates Surg 2025:77","journal-title":"Updates Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8255","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-023-04778-z","volume":"149","author":"DS Lopez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lopez DS, Kim H, Polychronopoulou E et al (2023) Use of weight loss medications in relation with prostate, colorectal and male breast cancers among older men: SEER-Medicare 2007-2015. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 149:8255\u20138265","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"key":"12878_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-024-02810-5","volume":"71","author":"MG Chang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chang MG, Bittner EA (2024) Comparison of societal guidance on perioperative management of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: implications for clinical practice and future investigations. Can J Anaesth 71:1302\u20131315","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"12878_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.7326\/ANNALS-24-01590","volume":"178","author":"A Moiz","year":"2025","unstructured":"Moiz A, Filion KB, Toutounchi H et al (2025) Efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for weight loss among adults without diabetes: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Ann Intern Med 178:199\u2013217","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"12878_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14551","volume":"24","author":"S Wharton","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wharton S, Calanna S, Davies M et al (2022) Gastrointestinal tolerability of once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg in adults with overweight or obesity, and the relationship between gastrointestinal adverse events and weight loss. Diabetes Obes Metab 24:94\u2013105","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"12878_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.10816","volume":"332","author":"KA Gudzune","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gudzune KA, Kushner RF (2024) Medications for obesity: a review. JAMA 332:571\u2013584","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"12878_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1900\/RDS.2014.11.202","volume":"11","author":"TD Filippatos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Filippatos TD, Panagiotopoulou TV, Elisaf MS (2014) Adverse effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists. Rev Diabet Stud 11:202\u2013230","journal-title":"Rev Diabet Stud"},{"key":"12878_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.19574","volume":"330","author":"M Sodhi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sodhi M, Rezaeianzadeh R, Kezouh A, Etminan M (2023) Risk of gastrointestinal adverse events associated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for weight loss. JAMA 330:1795\u20131797","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"12878_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2307563","volume":"389","author":"AM Lincoff","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lincoff AM, Brown-Frandsen K, Colhoun HM et al (2023) Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in obesity without diabetes. N Engl J Med 389:2221\u20132232","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"12878_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01498-3","volume":"404","author":"J Deanfield","year":"2024","unstructured":"Deanfield J, Verma S, Scirica BM et al (2024) Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with obesity and prevalent heart failure: a prespecified analysis of the SELECT trial. Lancet 404:773\u2013786","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"12878_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s10029-024-03214-6","volume":"29","author":"D Tran","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tran D, Farias DA, Tanner M et al (2024) Impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists in optimizing abdominal wall reconstruction patients. Hernia 29:19","journal-title":"Hernia"},{"key":"12878_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1002\/wjs.12547","volume":"49","author":"B Romain","year":"2025","unstructured":"Romain B, Pfirsch V, Manfredelli S et al (2025) Patients with severe obesity are made eligible for complex abdominal wall repair after preoptimization with GLP-1 Agonists: results of a bicentric pilot study. World J Surg 49:898\u2013905","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2019.02.023","volume":"14","author":"HM Gach","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gach HM, Mackey SL, Hausman SE et al (2019) MRI safety risks in the obese: The case of the disposable lighter stored in the pannus. Radiol Case Rep 14:634\u2013638","journal-title":"Radiol Case Rep"},{"key":"12878_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radi.2020.01.005","volume":"26","author":"E Winters","year":"2020","unstructured":"Winters E, Poole C (2020) Challenges and impact of patient obesity in radiation therapy practice. Radiography (Lond) 26:e158\u2013e163","journal-title":"Radiography (Lond)"},{"key":"12878_CR86","unstructured":"National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2025) NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology (NCCN Guidelines\u00ae) - Colon Cancer Version 4.2025. https:\/\/www.nccn.org\/professionals\/physician_gls\/pdf\/colon.pdf. Accessed Aug 10, 2025"},{"key":"12878_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdr277","volume":"23","author":"P Chambers","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chambers P, Daniels SH, Thompson LC, Stephens RJ (2012) Chemotherapy dose reductions in obese patients with colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol 23:748\u2013753","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"12878_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2018.05.004","volume":"99","author":"G Stocker","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stocker G, Hacker UT, Fiteni F et al (2018) Clinical consequences of chemotherapy dose reduction in obese patients with stage III colon cancer: a retrospective analysis from the PETACC 3 study. Eur J Cancer 99:49\u201357","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"12878_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2021.05.008","volume":"32","author":"C Slawinski","year":"2021","unstructured":"Slawinski C, Malcomson L, Barriuso J et al (2021) O-4 average cumulative relative dose of adjuvant chemotherapy is more important than average relative dose intensity for colorectal cancer survival, with implications for treating obese patients: the OCTOPUS consortium. Ann Oncol 32:S218\u2013S219","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"12878_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2037","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.00471","volume":"39","author":"JJ Griggs","year":"2021","unstructured":"Griggs JJ, Bohlke K, Balaban EP et al (2021) Appropriate systemic therapy dosing for obese adult patients with cancer: ASCO guideline update. J Clin Oncol 39:2037\u20132048","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"12878_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e984","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000973","volume":"143","author":"TM Powell-Wiley","year":"2021","unstructured":"Powell-Wiley TM, Poirier P, Burke LE et al (2021) Obesity and cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 143:e984\u2013e1010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"12878_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"O1","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22719","volume":"28","author":"JI Mechanick","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mechanick JI, Apovian C, Brethauer S et al (2020) Clinical practice guidelines for the perioperative nutrition, metabolic, and nonsurgical support of patients undergoing bariatric procedures - 2019 update: cosponsored by American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists\/American College of Endocrinology, The Obesity Society, American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, Obesity Medicine Association, and American Society of Anesthesiologists. Obesity (Silver Spring) 28:O1\u2013O58","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"12878_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1786391","volume":"38","author":"SHA Dualeh","year":"2025","unstructured":"Dualeh SHA, Howard R (2025) Challenges and strategies in colorectal surgery among patients with morbid obesity. Clin Colon Rectal Surg 38:58\u201363","journal-title":"Clin Colon Rectal Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2049","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-02996-7","volume":"30","author":"DH Ryan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ryan DH, Lingvay I, Deanfield J et al (2024) Long-term weight loss effects of semaglutide in obesity without diabetes in the SELECT trial. Nat Med 30:2049\u20132057","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"12878_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6200","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70004","volume":"27","author":"JM Samuels","year":"2025","unstructured":"Samuels JM, Ye F, Irlmeier R, Silver H, Srivastava G, Spann M (2025) Real-world titration, persistence & weight loss of semaglutide and tirzepatide in an academic obesity clinic. Diabetes Obes Metab 27:6200\u20136209","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"12878_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2206038","volume":"387","author":"AM Jastreboff","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jastreboff AM, Aronne LJ, Ahmad NN et al (2022) Tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity. N Engl J Med 387:205\u2013216","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"12878_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2013-304701","volume":"62","author":"M Bardou","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bardou M, Barkun AN, Martel M (2013) Obesity and colorectal cancer. Gut 62:933\u2013947","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"12878_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-024-01556-0","volume":"25","author":"L Nguyen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nguyen L, Shanmugan S (2024) A review article: the relationship between obesity and colorectal cancer. Curr Diab Rep 25:8","journal-title":"Curr Diab Rep"},{"key":"12878_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.11494","volume":"107","author":"S Almazeedi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Almazeedi S, El-Abd R, Al-Khamis A, Albatineh AN, Al-Sabah S (2020) Role of bariatric surgery in reducing the risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Br J Surg 107:348\u2013354","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2022.10.003","volume":"19","author":"MR Janik","year":"2023","unstructured":"Janik MR, Clapp B, Sroczynski P, Ghanem O (2023) The effect of bariatric surgery on reducing the risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of 3,233,044 patients. Surg Obes Relat Dis 19:328\u2013334","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis"},{"key":"12878_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.23736\/S2724-5691.23.10104-3","volume":"78","author":"N Jawhar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jawhar N, Nakanishi H, Marrero K et al (2023) Risk reduction of non-hormonal cancers following bariatric surgery. Minerva Surg 78:657\u2013670","journal-title":"Minerva Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2023.08.011","volume":"174","author":"T McKechnie","year":"2023","unstructured":"McKechnie T, Lee Y, Hong D et al (2023) A history of bariatric surgery before surgery for colorectal cancer may improve short-term postoperative outcomes: analysis of the national inpatient sample 2015\u20132019. Surgery 174:1168\u20131174","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"12878_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-016-2421-8","volume":"27","author":"H Hussan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hussan H, Stanich PP, Gray DM 2nd et al (2017) Prior bariatric surgery is linked to improved colorectal cancer surgery outcomes and costs: a propensity-matched analysis. Obes Surg 27:1047\u20131055","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17040670","volume":"17","author":"A Goyal","year":"2025","unstructured":"Goyal A, Macias CA, Corzo MP et al (2025) Outcomes of metabolic and bariatric surgery in populations with obesity and their risk of developing colorectal cancer: where do we stand? An umbrella review on behalf of TROGSS-the robotic global surgical society. Cancers (Basel) 17:670","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"12878_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1381\/096089205774859353","volume":"15","author":"ML Phillips","year":"2005","unstructured":"Phillips ML, Lewis MC, Chew V et al (2005) The early effects of weight loss surgery on regional adiposity. Obes Surg 15:1449\u20131455","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2019.07.006","volume":"15","author":"L Maimoun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Maimoun L, Lefebvre P, Aouinti S et al (2019) Acute and longer-term body composition changes after bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis 15:1965\u20131973","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis"},{"key":"12878_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-025-07830-8","volume":"35","author":"G Ji","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ji G, Zhu C, Wang S, Zhou L, Wu J (2025) Body composition changes and predictor of weight loss in short term after sleeve gastrectomy. Obes Surg 35:1761\u20131768","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E553","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.7109","volume":"15","author":"Y Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee Y, Raveendran L, Lovrics O et al (2021) The role of bariatric surgery on kidney transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Can Urol Assoc J 15:E553\u2013E562","journal-title":"Can Urol Assoc J"},{"key":"12878_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.30016","volume":"4","author":"LD Delaney","year":"2021","unstructured":"Delaney LD, Howard R, Palazzolo K et al (2021) Outcomes of a presurgical optimization program for elective hernia repairs among high-risk patients. JAMA Netw Open 4:e2130016","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"12878_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2023.06.018","volume":"174","author":"MC Young","year":"2023","unstructured":"Young MC, Bhandarkar AR, Portela RC et al (2023) Bariatric surgery reduces odds of perioperative complications after inpatient hysterectomy: analysis from a national database, 2016 to 2018. Surgery 174:766\u2013773","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"12878_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2020.0257","volume":"30","author":"R Vilallonga","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vilallonga R, Beisani M, Sanchez-Cordero S et al (2020) Abdominal wall hernia and metabolic bariatric surgery. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 30:891\u2013895","journal-title":"J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A"},{"key":"12878_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.13637","volume":"33","author":"M Gaillard","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gaillard M, Tranchart H, Beaudreuil S et al (2020) Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for morbid obesity in renal transplantation candidates: a matched case-control study. Transpl Int 33:1061\u20131070","journal-title":"Transpl Int"},{"key":"12878_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajt.2024.04.013","volume":"24","author":"OM Ghanem","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ghanem OM, Pita A, Nazzal M et al (2024) Obesity, organ failure, and transplantation: a review of the role of metabolic and bariatric surgery in transplant candidates and recipients. Am J Transplant 24:1534\u20131546","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"12878_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4138","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-024-10930-8","volume":"38","author":"OM Ghanem","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ghanem OM, Pita A, Nazzal M et al (2024) Obesity, organ failure, and transplantation: a review of the role of metabolic and bariatric surgery in transplant candidates and recipients. Surg Endosc 38:4138\u20134151","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"12878_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2024.02.008","volume":"20","author":"C Parmar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Parmar C, Abi Mosleh K, Aeschbacher P et al (2024) The feasibility and outcomes of metabolic and bariatric surgery prior to neoplastic therapy. Surg Obes Relat Dis 20:717\u2013728","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis"},{"key":"12878_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1186\/s40792-024-02012-7","volume":"10","author":"Y Minagawa","year":"2024","unstructured":"Minagawa Y, Amiki M, Yuki K et al (2024) Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy as a bridge to colorectal cancer surgery for obese patients: a case report. Surg Case Rep 10:211","journal-title":"Surg Case Rep"},{"key":"12878_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2020.06.006","volume":"95","author":"DW Larson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Larson DW, Abd El Aziz MA, Mandrekar JN (2020) How many lives will delay of colon cancer surgery cost during the COVID-19 pandemic? An analysis based on the US national cancer database. Mayo Clinic Proc 95:1805\u20131807","journal-title":"Mayo Clinic Proc"},{"key":"12878_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.15625","volume":"23","author":"TM Whittaker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Whittaker TM, Abdelrazek MEG, Fitzpatrick AJ et al (2021) Delay to elective colorectal cancer surgery and implications for survival: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Colorectal Dis 23:1699\u20131711","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"12878_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2025.3590","volume":"160","author":"TS Barrett","year":"2025","unstructured":"Barrett TS, Hafermann JO, Richards S, LeJeune K, Eid GM (2025) Obesity treatment with bariatric surgery vs GLP-1 receptor agonists. JAMA Surg 160:1232\u20131239","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2022.08.013","volume":"18","author":"D Eisenberg","year":"2022","unstructured":"Eisenberg D, Shikora SA, Aarts E et al (2022) 2022 American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) and International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO): indications for metabolic and bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis 18:1345\u20131356","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis"},{"key":"12878_CR121","unstructured":"Rosenberg A (2023) City of Hope patient success stories: \u2018Where others stop, we get started\u2019: Jeff Martin\u2019s story. https:\/\/www.cityofhope.org\/where-others-stop-we-get-started-jeff-martins-story. Accessed Aug 20, 2025"},{"key":"12878_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-025-03030-4","volume":"132","author":"J Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang J, Venchiarutti R, Wang X, He Q (2025) Optimal timing of cancer treatments: a call for emerging evidence from clinical trials and real-world studies. Br J Cancer 132:1085\u20131090","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"12878_CR123","unstructured":"Cancer Care Ontario (2006) Target wait times for cancer surgery in Ontario. https:\/\/www.cancercareontario.ca\/en\/guidelines-advice\/types-of-cancer\/3211"},{"key":"12878_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000002323","volume":"65","author":"JD Vogel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vogel JD, Felder SI, Bhama AR et al (2022) The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons clinical practice guidelines for the management of colon cancer. Dis Colon Rectum 65:148\u2013177","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"12878_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.27109","volume":"6","author":"M Castelo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Castelo M, Paszat L, Hansen BE et al (2023) Analysis of time to treatment and survival among adults younger than 50 years of age with colorectal cancer in Canada. JAMA Netw Open 6:e2327109","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"12878_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2017.04.014","volume":"43","author":"JA Flemming","year":"2017","unstructured":"Flemming JA, Nanji S, Wei X, Webber C, Groome P, Booth CM (2017) Association between the time to surgery and survival among patients with colon cancer: a population-based study. Eur J Surg Oncol 43:1447\u20131455","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"12878_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0273396","volume":"17","author":"M Castelo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Castelo M, Sue-Chue-Lam C, Paszat L et al (2022) Time to diagnosis and treatment in younger adults with colorectal cancer: a systematic review. PLoS ONE 17:e0273396","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"12878_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-023-02377-w","volume":"129","author":"A Drosdowsky","year":"2023","unstructured":"Drosdowsky A, Lamb KE, Karahalios A et al (2023) The effect of time before diagnosis and treatment on colorectal cancer outcomes: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Br J Cancer 129:993\u20131006","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"12878_CR129","unstructured":"American College of Surgeons (2026) NAPRC standards and resources. https:\/\/www.facs.org\/quality-programs\/cancer-programs\/national-accreditation-program-for-rectal-cancer\/standards-and-resources\/. Accessed  Aug 14, 2025"},{"key":"12878_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2021.08.032","volume":"171","author":"GC Edwards","year":"2022","unstructured":"Edwards GC, Gamboa AC, Feng MP et al (2022) What\u2019s the magic number? Impact of time to initiation of treatment for rectal cancer. Surgery 171:1185\u20131192","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"12878_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2024.108618","volume":"50","author":"SH Emile","year":"2024","unstructured":"Emile SH, Garoufalia Z, Dourado J, Salama E, Wexner SD (2024) Predictors and outcomes of delays between diagnosis and definitive surgery for rectal cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 50:108618","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"12878_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1080\/14796694.2025.2606910","volume":"22","author":"N Starling","year":"2026","unstructured":"Starling N, Elez E, Strickler JH et al (2026) A Phase III study of perioperative dostarlimab in patients with dMMR\/MSI-H resectable colon cancer: AZUR-2 study design. Future Oncol 22:137\u2013145","journal-title":"Future Oncol"},{"key":"12878_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-015-3358-0","volume":"40","author":"H Hussan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hussan H, Gray DM 2nd, Hinton A, Krishna SG, Conwell DL, Stanich PP (2016) Morbid obesity is associated with increased mortality, surgical complications, and incremental health care utilization in the peri-operative period of colorectal cancer surgery. World J Surg 40:987\u2013994","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"12878_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-016-0775-y","volume":"14","author":"Y Qiu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Qiu Y, Liu Q, Chen G et al (2016) Outcome of rectal cancer surgery in obese and nonobese patients: a meta-analysis. World J Surg Oncol 14:23","journal-title":"World J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"12878_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2025.05.012","volume":"113","author":"G Sarno","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sarno G, Simancas-Racines D, Gargiulo A et al (2025) Impact of obesity on postoperative complications in colorectal cancer surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Semin Cancer Biol 113:176\u2013189","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"key":"12878_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e388","DOI":"10.1200\/JOP.2014.003293","volume":"11","author":"T Hussain","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hussain T, Chang HY, Veenstra CM, Pollack CE (2015) Collaboration between surgeons and medical oncologists and outcomes for patients with Stage III colon cancer. J Oncol Pract 11:e388\u2013e397","journal-title":"J Oncol Pract"},{"key":"12878_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djad268","volume":"116","author":"RS Huang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang RS, Mihalache A, Nafees A et al (2024) The impact of multidisciplinary cancer conferences on overall survival: a meta-analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst 116:356\u2013369","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"12878_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2017.01.008","volume":"13","author":"KD Groller","year":"2017","unstructured":"Groller KD (2017) Systematic review of patient education practices in weight loss surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis 13:1072\u20131085","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis"},{"key":"12878_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnur.2021.07.001","volume":"56","author":"SM Fruh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fruh SM, Graves RJ, Hauff C, Williams SG, Hall HR (2021) Weight bias and stigma: impact on health. Nurs Clin North Am 56:479\u2013493","journal-title":"Nurs Clin North Am"},{"key":"12878_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2022.05.010","volume":"224","author":"CA Vitous","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vitous CA, Ehlers AP, Chao GF et al (2022) Expectations and experiences following bariatric surgery: perceptions of female patients across Michigan. Am J Surg 224:1182\u20131184","journal-title":"Am J Surg"}],"container-title":["Surgical Endoscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00464-026-12878-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00464-026-12878-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00464-026-12878-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T15:02:49Z","timestamp":1780930969000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00464-026-12878-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]]},"references-count":140,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["12878"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-026-12878-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0930-2794","1432-2218"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0930-2794","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2218","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Andreas M. Kaiser, MD FACS FASCRS is a board member of the NIH Pelvic Floor Network. He was a consultant for Intuitive Surgical and Virtual Incision, and he has received royalties from McGraw-Hill Publisher and Wolters Kluver Publisher. Heather Carmichael, MD has received travel support from Intuitive Surgical. Teresa deBeche-Adams, MD FACS FASCRS is a consultant for Distalmotion and Intuitive Surgical. Mukta K Krane, MD FACS has received speaker honoraria from IBD Horizons. Farah A. Husain MD FACS FASMBS has received speaker honoraria from Ethicon and from W.L. Gore. Omar M. Ghanem, MD FACS has received speaker honoraria from Olympus and is a consultant for Medtronic and Intuitive Surgical. Patricia Sylla, MD FACS FASCRS has received honoraria from Olympus, Medtronic, Ethicon, and Safeheal. The following co-authors have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose: Lawrence Lee, MD PhD, FASCRS, Nathan Aminpour, MD, Nawar A. Alkhamesi, MD, Ana Sofia Ore, MD MSc MPH, Siva Dantu, MD, Evelyn Janet Bonilla, MD, Nour El Ghazal, MD, Elisabeth C. McLemore, MD FACS FASCRS.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosures"}}]}}