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The aim of the study was to reassess the patients of our study at a minimum 5-year follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two groups of consecutive patients undergoing treatment for primary achalasia between 2014 and 2017 were recruited in two high-volume centers, one with extensive experience with POEM and one with LHD, and were matched with a propensity score. Only those patients who reached a minimum 5-year follow-up were considered in this study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 68 patients in the POEM group and 118 in the LHD formed the study population. One patient in each group died during follow-up for causes unrelated to achalasia. At a median follow-up of 79.6\u00a0months (IQR 42.1\u2013103.95), 87.3% of the POEM patients and 90.1% of the LHD patients showed an Eckardt score\u2009\u2264\u20093 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009n.s.). The need for PPIs (45.6% vs 24.6%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03) and the rate of esophagitis (34% vs 10.4%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.002) were higher in the POEM group. None of the patients developed esophageal cancer. The disease-free curve estimates at 1\u20133\u20135\u00a0years were similar in the 2 groups (99\u201398\u201396% vs 99\u201396\u201396%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.50). At a minimum 5-year follow-up, only 9 patients in the POEM group and 12 patients in the LHD group had symptomatic recurrence.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>POEM provides the same long-term results as LHD. This study confirms, however, a higher incidence of postoperative GERD with the former, even if its real significance needs to be further evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-026-12910-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T18:53:16Z","timestamp":1779389596000},"page":"6099-6107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Five-year follow-up results of the Italian case\u2013control study comparing poem and laparoscopic Heller myotomy using the propensity score"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2795-1810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Costantini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Mangiola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Capovilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosario","family":"Landi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Provenzano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loredana","family":"Nicoletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Valmasoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiano","family":"Spada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Costantini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Familiari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renato","family":"Salvador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"12910_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doae024","volume":"37","author":"EV Savarino","year":"2024","unstructured":"Savarino EV, Salvador R, Ghisa M, Mari A, Forattini F, Costantini A, De Giorgio R, Zaninotto G (2024) Research gap in esophageal achalasia: a narrative review. 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Dr. Giovanni Capovilla, Dr. Rosario, Dr. Luca Provenzano, Dr.ssa Loredana Nicoletti, Prof. Michele Valmasoni, Prof. Cristiano Spada, Prof. Mario Costantini, Prof. Pietro Familiari, and Prof. Renato Salvador have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosures"}}]}}