{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T18:01:55Z","timestamp":1789581715356,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":113,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Surg Endosc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-026-13266-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:33:30Z","timestamp":1787240010000},"page":"7426-7447","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Application of animal organ models in laparoscopic surgery training: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0963-5467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingyi","family":"Liao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaruo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhouwen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianming","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1144-518X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9690-3850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"13266_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2021.799442","volume":"8","author":"I Alkatout","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alkatout I, Mechler U, Mettler L, Pape J, Maass N, Biebl M, Gitas G, Lagan\u00e0 AS, Freytag D (2021) The development of laparoscopy-a historical overview. Front Surg 8:799442","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"key":"13266_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4293\/jsls.2015.00052","author":"SA Antoniou","year":"2015","unstructured":"Antoniou SA, Antoniou GA, Antoniou AI, Granderath FA (2015) Past, present, and future of minimally invasive abdominal surgery. JSLS. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4293\/jsls.2015.00052","journal-title":"JSLS"},{"key":"13266_CR3","volume":"10","author":"DW Birch","year":"2016","unstructured":"Birch DW, Dang JT, Switzer NJ, Manouchehri N, Shi X, Hadi G, Karmali S (2016) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 10:Cd007821","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"13266_CR4","volume":"1","author":"G Ahmad","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ahmad G, Baker J, Finnerty J, Phillips K, Watson A (2019) Laparoscopic entry techniques. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1:Cd006583","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"13266_CR5","volume":"2014","author":"KS Gurusamy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gurusamy KS, Nagendran M, Toon CD, Davidson BR (2014) Laparoscopic surgical box model training for surgical trainees with limited prior laparoscopic experience. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014:Cd010478","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"13266_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.2138","volume":"15","author":"YK Song","year":"2022","unstructured":"Song YK, Jo DH (2022) Current and potential use of fresh frozen cadaver in surgical training and anatomical education. Anat Sci Educ 15:957\u2013969","journal-title":"Anat Sci Educ"},{"key":"13266_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2015.04.001","volume":"72","author":"N Fuchs Weizman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fuchs Weizman N, Maurer R, Einarsson JI, Vitonis AF, Cohen SL (2015) Survey on barriers to adoption of laparoscopic surgery. J Surg Educ 72:985\u2013994","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"key":"13266_CR8","first-page":"20","volume":"34","author":"D Pel\u00e1ez Mata","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pel\u00e1ez Mata D, Herrero \u00c1lvarez S, G\u00f3mez S\u00e1nchez A, P\u00e9rez Egido L, Corona Bellostas C, de Agust\u00edn Asensio JC (2021) Laparoscopic learning curves. Cir Pediatr 34:20\u201327","journal-title":"Cir Pediatr"},{"key":"13266_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2005.05.019","volume":"190","author":"AG Harrell","year":"2005","unstructured":"Harrell AG, Heniford BT (2005) Minimally invasive abdominal surgery: lux et veritas past, present, and future. Am J Surg 190:239\u2013243","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"13266_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.4816","volume":"91","author":"R Aggarwal","year":"2004","unstructured":"Aggarwal R, Moorthy K, Darzi A (2004) Laparoscopic skills training and assessment. Br J Surg 91:1549\u20131558","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"13266_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1197\/j.aem.2006.11.021","volume":"14","author":"WF Bond","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bond WF, Lammers RL, Spillane LL, Smith-Coggins R, Fernandez R, Reznek MA, Vozenilek JA, Gordon JA (2007) The use of simulation in emergency medicine: a research agenda. Acad Emerg Med 14:353\u2013363","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"13266_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2030","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.19.2030","volume":"167","author":"H Singh","year":"2007","unstructured":"Singh H, Thomas EJ, Petersen LA, Studdert DM (2007) Medical errors involving trainees: a study of closed malpractice claims from 5 insurers. Arch Intern Med 167:2030\u20132036","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"13266_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-016-5025-4","volume":"31","author":"F Nickel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nickel F, Kowalewski KF, Rehberger F, Hendrie JD, Mayer BF, Kenngott HG, Bintintan V, Linke GR, Fischer L, M\u00fcller-Stich BP (2017) Face validity of the pulsatile organ perfusion trainer for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Endosc 31:714\u2013722","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"13266_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ciresp.2014.02.011","volume":"93","author":"F Le\u00f3n Ferrufino","year":"2015","unstructured":"Le\u00f3n Ferrufino F, Varas Cohen J, Buckel Schaffner E, Crovari Eulufi F, Pimentel M\u00fcller F, Mart\u00ednez Castillo J, Jarufe Cassis N, Boza Wilson C (2015) Simulation in laparoscopic surgery. Cir Esp 93:4\u201311","journal-title":"Cir Esp"},{"key":"13266_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17010323","author":"D Soriero","year":"2020","unstructured":"Soriero D, Atzori G, Barra F, Pertile D, Massobrio A, Conti L, Gusmini D, Epis L, Gallo M, Banchini F, Capelli P, Penza V, Scabini S (2020) Development and validation of a homemade, low-cost laparoscopic simulator for resident surgeons (LABOT). Int J Environ Res Public Health. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17010323","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"13266_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2021.10.030","volume":"81","author":"A Ayd\u0131n","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ayd\u0131n A, Ahmed K, Abe T, Raison N, Van Hemelrijck M, Garmo H, Ahmed HU, Mukhtar F, Al-Jabir A, Brunckhorst O, Shinohara N, Zhu W, Zeng G, Sfakianos JP, Gupta M, Tewari A, G\u00f6zen AS, Rassweiler J, Skolarikos A, Kunit T, Knoll T, Moltzahn F, Thalmann GN, Lantz Powers AG, Chew BH, Sarica K, Shamim Khan M, Dasgupta P (2022) Effect of simulation-based training on surgical proficiency and patient outcomes: a randomised controlled clinical and educational trial. Eur Urol 81:385\u2013393","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"13266_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000001656","volume":"265","author":"MG Tolsgaard","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tolsgaard MG, Ringsted C, Rosth\u00f8j S, N\u00f8rgaard L, M\u00f8ller L, Freiesleben NC, Dyre L, Tabor A (2017) The effects of simulation-based transvaginal ultrasound training on quality and efficiency of care: a multicenter single-blind randomized trial. Ann Surg 265:630\u2013637","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"13266_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-007-9502-7","volume":"22","author":"U Giger","year":"2008","unstructured":"Giger U, Fr\u00e9sard I, H\u00e4fliger A, Bergmann M, Kr\u00e4henb\u00fchl L (2008) Laparoscopic training on Thiel human cadavers: a model to teach advanced laparoscopic procedures. Surg Endosc 22:901\u2013906","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"13266_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-023-01178-1","volume":"24","author":"C Wanderling","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wanderling C, Saxton A, Phan D, Sheppard L, Schuler N, Ghazi A (2023) Recent advances in surgical simulation for resident education. Curr Urol Rep 24:491\u2013502","journal-title":"Curr Urol Rep"},{"key":"13266_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2007.01435.x","volume":"61","author":"SK Sarker","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sarker SK, Patel B (2007) Simulation and surgical training. Int J Clin Pract 61:2120\u20132125","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"key":"13266_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.05.002","volume":"199","author":"MM Hammoud","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hammoud MM, Nuthalapaty FS, Goepfert AR, Casey PM, Emmons S, Espey EL, Kaczmarczyk JM, Katz NT, Neutens JJ, Peskin EG (2008) To the point: medical education review of the role of simulators in surgical training. Am J Obstet Gynecol 199:338\u2013343","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"13266_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-021-03797-0","volume":"40","author":"R Melnyk","year":"2022","unstructured":"Melnyk R, Oppenheimer D, Ghazi AE (2022) How specific are patient-specific simulations? Analyzing the accuracy of 3D-printing and modeling to create patient-specific rehearsals for complex urological procedures. World J Urol 40:621\u2013626","journal-title":"World J Urol"},{"key":"13266_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2017.0049","volume":"23","author":"JS Witowski","year":"2017","unstructured":"Witowski JS, Coles-Black J, Zuzak TZ, P\u0119dziwiatr M, Chuen J, Major P, Budzy\u0144ski A (2017) 3D printing in liver surgery: a systematic review. Telemed J E Health 23:943\u2013947","journal-title":"Telemed J E Health"},{"key":"13266_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-023-02757-7","volume":"27","author":"G To","year":"2023","unstructured":"To G, Hawke JA, Larkins K, Burke G, Costello DM, Warrier S, Mohan H, Heriot A (2023) A systematic review of the application of 3D-printed models to colorectal surgical training. Tech Coloproctol 27:257\u2013270","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"key":"13266_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.18063\/ijb.721","volume":"9","author":"L Jaksa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jaksa L, Aryeetey OJ, Hatamikia S, N\u00e4gl K, Buschmann M, Dieter HP, Kronreif G, Lorenz A (2023) 3D-Printed multi-material liver model with simultaneous mechanical and radiological tissue-mimicking features for improved realism. Int J Bioprint 9:721","journal-title":"Int J Bioprint"},{"key":"13266_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.18063\/ijb.v7i4.420","volume":"7","author":"L Jaksa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jaksa L, Pahr D, Kronreif G, Lorenz A (2021) Development of a multi-material 3D printer for functional anatomic models. Int J Bioprint 7:420","journal-title":"Int J Bioprint"},{"key":"13266_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2025.2601411","volume":"57","author":"J Lin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lin J, Li W, Yu X, Zhang Y, Xiao Y, Li X, Wang C, Geyu C, Tian J (2025) 3D printing technology in hepatobiliary surgery education: a systematic review. Ann Med 57:2601411","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"13266_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2005.11.062","volume":"64","author":"J Cohen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cohen J, Cohen SA, Vora KC, Xue X, Burdick JS, Bank S, Bini EJ, Bodenheimer H, Cerulli M, Gerdes H, Greenwald D, Gress F, Grosman I, Hawes R, Mullin G, Schnoll-Sussman F, Starpoli A, Stevens P, Tenner S, Villanueva G (2006) Multicenter, randomized, controlled trial of virtual-reality simulator training in acquisition of competency in colonoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc 64:361\u2013368","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"13266_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.091743","volume":"182","author":"VN Palter","year":"2010","unstructured":"Palter VN, Grantcharov TP (2010) Simulation in surgical education. Can Med Assoc J 182:1191\u20131196","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"13266_CR30","volume":"9","author":"AW Kuhn","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kuhn AW, Yu JK, Gerull KM, Silverman RM, Aleem AW (2024) Virtual reality and surgical simulation training for orthopaedic surgery residents: a qualitative assessment of trainee perspectives. JB JS Open Access 9:e23","journal-title":"JB JS Open Access"},{"key":"13266_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2016.12.24","volume":"4","author":"I Badash","year":"2016","unstructured":"Badash I, Burtt K, Solorzano CA, Carey JN (2016) Innovations in surgery simulation: a review of past, current and future techniques. Ann Transl Med 4:453","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"13266_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-003-9043-7","volume":"18","author":"Y Munz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Munz Y, Kumar BD, Moorthy K, Bann S, Darzi A (2004) Laparoscopic virtual reality and box trainers: is one superior to the other? Surg Endosc 18:485\u2013494","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"13266_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-020-07411-z","volume":"35","author":"X Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang X, Zhang K, Hu W, Kuang M, Teo S, Guo Z, Zhao Q, He X (2021) A new platform for laparoscopic training: initial evaluation of the ex-vivo live multivisceral training device. Surg Endosc 35:374\u2013382","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"13266_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.15011","volume":"49","author":"PN Martins","year":"2025","unstructured":"Martins PN, Edil BH, McNally L, Battula NR (2025) Expanding the use of ex situ organ machine perfusion beyond transplantation. Artif Organs 49:1229\u20131235","journal-title":"Artif Organs"},{"key":"13266_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2569-7736","volume":"57","author":"C Coluccio","year":"2025","unstructured":"Coluccio C, Jacques J, Hritz I, Boskoski I, Abdelrahim M, Bove V, Cunha Neves JA, de Jonge PJF, Dell\u2019Anna G, Esposito G, Facciorusso A, Gincul R, Giuffrida P, Kalapala R, Kapizioni C, Longcroft-Wheaton G, Nagl S, Tziatzios G, Voiosu T, Dray X, Barbieri B, Gralnek IM, Fuccio L (2025) Simulators and training models for diagnostic and therapeutic gastrointestinal endoscopy: European society of gastrointestinal endoscopy (ESGE) technical and technology review. Endoscopy 57:796\u2013813","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"13266_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2021.0080","volume":"31","author":"F Schlottmann","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schlottmann F, Herbella FAM, Patti MG (2021) Simulation for foregut and bariatric surgery: current status and future directions. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 31:546\u2013550","journal-title":"J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A"},{"key":"13266_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2011.04.042","volume":"74","author":"J Martinek","year":"2011","unstructured":"Martinek J, Suchanek S, Stefanova M, Rotnaglova B, Zavada F, Strosova A, Zavoral M (2011) Training on an ex vivo animal model improves endoscopic skills: a randomized, single-blind study. Gastrointest Endosc 74:367\u2013373","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"13266_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02653227","volume":"5","author":"JM Sackier","year":"1991","unstructured":"Sackier JM, Berci G, Paz-Partlow M (1991) A new training device for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Endosc 5:158\u2013159","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"13266_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2012.0239","volume":"27","author":"MA El-Enen","year":"2013","unstructured":"El-Enen MA, El-Gamal OM, Elashry OM, Elbahnasy AM, Ghiaty A, Rasheed M (2013) A progressive extended protocol for the basic laparoscopic training using the pelvitrainer. J Endourol 27:86\u201391","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"13266_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2013.06.012","volume":"71","author":"VK Bansal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bansal VK, Raveendran R, Misra MC, Bhattacharjee H, Rajan K, Krishna A, Kumar P, Kumar S (2014) A prospective randomized controlled blinded study to evaluate the effect of short-term focused training program in laparoscopy on operating room performance of surgery residents (CTRI \/2012\/11\/003113). J Surg Educ 71:52\u201360","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"key":"13266_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-017-5731-6","volume":"32","author":"W Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu W, Zheng X, Wu R, Jin Y, Kong S, Li J, Lu J, Yang H, Xu X, Lv Y, Zhang X (2018) Novel laparoscopic training system with continuously perfused ex-vivo porcine liver for hepatobiliary surgery. Surg Endosc 32:743\u2013750","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"13266_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.12.007","volume":"26","author":"MA Gromski","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gromski MA, Ahn W, Matthes K, De S (2016) Pre-clinical training for new notes procedures: from ex-vivo models to virtual reality simulators. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 26:401\u2013412","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am"},{"key":"13266_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s13017-016-0104-3","volume":"11","author":"Y Izawa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Izawa Y, Hishikawa S, Muronoi T, Yamashita K, Maruyama H, Suzukawa M, Lefor AK (2016) Ex-vivo and live animal models are equally effective training for the management of a penetrating cardiac injury. World J Emerg Surg 11:45","journal-title":"World J Emerg Surg"},{"key":"13266_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.06.006","volume":"62","author":"A Liberati","year":"2009","unstructured":"Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, G\u00f8tzsche PC, Ioannidis JP, Clarke M, Devereaux PJ, Kleijnen J, Moher D (2009) The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. J Clin Epidemiol 62:e1-34","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"13266_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g7647","volume":"350","author":"L Shamseer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shamseer L, Moher D, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew M, Shekelle P, Stewart LA (2015) Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015: elaboration and explanation. BMJ 350:g7647","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"13266_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-005-0384-2","volume":"19","author":"FJ Carter","year":"2005","unstructured":"Carter FJ, Schijven MP, Aggarwal R, Grantcharov T, Francis NK, Hanna GB, Jakimowicz JJ (2005) Consensus guidelines for validation of virtual reality surgical simulators. Surg Endosc 19:1523\u20131532","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"13266_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.9.1002","volume":"298","author":"DA Reed","year":"2007","unstructured":"Reed DA, Cook DA, Beckman TJ, Levine RB, Kern DE, Wright SM (2007) Association between funding and quality of published medical education research. JAMA 298:1002\u20131009","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"13266_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000000786","volume":"90","author":"DA Cook","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cook DA, Reed DA (2015) Appraising the quality of medical education research methods: the medical education research study quality instrument and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale-education. Acad Med 90:1067\u20131076","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"13266_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002091","volume":"130","author":"RP Smith","year":"2017","unstructured":"Smith RP, Learman LA (2017) A plea for MERSQI: the medical education research study quality instrument. Obstet Gynecol 130:686\u2013690","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"13266_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000003816","volume":"97","author":"K Dzara","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dzara K, Gooding H (2022) A guide to educational pyramids commonly used in medical education programs. Acad Med 97:313","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"13266_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.2147\/AMEP.S102000","volume":"7","author":"G De Win","year":"2016","unstructured":"De Win G, Van Bruwaene S, Kulkarni J, Van Calster B, Aggarwal R, Allen C, Lissens A, De Ridder D, Miserez M (2016) An evidence-based laparoscopic simulation curriculum shortens the clinical learning curve and reduces surgical adverse events. Adv Med Educ Pract 7:357\u2013370","journal-title":"Adv Med Educ Pract"},{"key":"13266_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2585","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-019-07024-1","volume":"34","author":"J Quezada","year":"2020","unstructured":"Quezada J, Achurra P, Jarry C, Asbun D, Tejos R, Inzunza M, Ulloa G, Neyem A, Mart\u00ednez C, Marino C, Escalona G, Varas J (2020) Minimally invasive tele-mentoring opportunity-the mito project. Surg Endosc 34:2585\u20132592","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"13266_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S68","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0b013e318183cdb1","volume":"83","author":"D DaRosa","year":"2008","unstructured":"DaRosa D, Rogers DA, Williams RG, Hauge LS, Sherman H, Murayama K, Nagle A, Dunnington GL (2008) Impact of a structured skills laboratory curriculum on surgery residents\u2019 intraoperative decision-making and technical skills. Acad Med 83:S68-71","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"13266_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-013-1963-3","volume":"37","author":"F Nickel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nickel F, Bintintan VV, Gehrig T, Kenngott HG, Fischer L, Gutt CN, M\u00fcller-Stich BP (2013) Virtual reality does not meet expectations in a pilot study on multimodal laparoscopic surgery training. World J Surg 37:965\u2013973","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"13266_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4553","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-016-4792-2","volume":"30","author":"J Xiao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xiao J, Cui Z, Fu M, Kong X, Tang L, Wang Z, You F, Du Q, Li J (2016) An ex vivo liver training model continuously perfused to simulate bleeding for suture skills involved in laparoscopic liver resection: development and validity. Surg Endosc 30:4553\u20134561","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"13266_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2009.0245","volume":"23","author":"B Yang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yang B, Zeng Q, Yinghao S, Wang H, Wang L, Xu C, Xiao L (2009) A novel training model for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy using porcine kidney. J Endourol 23:2029\u20132033","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"13266_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3919","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000753","volume":"109","author":"H Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang H, Wang J, Liu C, Du B, Xiao J, Qian L, Zhang Q, Li J (2023) Development of a continuously perfused ex vivo kidney training model for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: validity and efficiency. Int J Surg 109:3919\u20133928","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"13266_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2011.0434","volume":"26","author":"Z Zhao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhao Z, Li S, Wang X, Liu B (2012) Intensive laparoscopic training shortens the learning curve of laparoscopic suturing in surgical postgraduate students: feasible or not? J Endourol 26:895\u2013902","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"13266_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.2147\/AMEP.S41681","volume":"4","author":"G De Win","year":"2013","unstructured":"De Win G, Van Bruwaene S, Allen C, De Ridder D (2013) Design and implementation of a proficiency-based, structured endoscopy course for medical students applying for a surgical specialty. Adv Med Educ Pract 4:103\u2013115","journal-title":"Adv Med Educ Pract"},{"key":"13266_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2013.04.001","volume":"70","author":"G De Win","year":"2013","unstructured":"De Win G, Van Bruwaene S, Aggarwal R, Crea N, Zhang Z, De Ridder D, Miserez M (2013) Laparoscopy training in surgical education: the utility of incorporating a structured preclinical laparoscopy course into the traditional apprenticeship method. J Surg Educ 70:596\u2013605","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"key":"13266_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6120","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-024-11173-3","volume":"38","author":"D Chatziisaak","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chatziisaak D, Sparn M, Krstic D, Bauci G, Warschkow R, Brunner W, Schmied B, Hahnloser D, Bischofberger S (2024) Be prepared! Impact of structured video-assisted coaching on performance in a simulated bleeding exercise during laparoscopic surgery. Surg Endosc 38:6120\u20136127","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"13266_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2025.103831","volume":"83","author":"B Tang","year":"2026","unstructured":"Tang B, Zhang Z, Pang S, Yang H, Nie Y, Ren Y, Wang S, Ma F, Zhang N, Lv Y, Dong D (2026) Complete organ laparoscopic training system: a novel ex-vivo laparoscopic simulator. J Surg Educ 83:103831","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"key":"13266_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1097\/SLE.0000000000001016","volume":"32","author":"C Lingaraj","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lingaraj C, Rai SK, Asuri K, Prajapati OP, Kumar S, Bhattacharjee H, Bansal VK (2021) Effect of short-term-focused training on a phantom model in improving operative room performance among surgical residents: a randomized trial. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 32:159\u2013165","journal-title":"Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech"},{"key":"13266_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1097\/SLE.0b013e3182478e6c","volume":"22","author":"VK Bansal","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bansal VK, Panwar R, Misra MC, Bhattacharjee HK, Jindal V, Loli A, Goswami A, Krishna A, Tamang T (2012) Are short-term focused training courses on a phantom model using porcine gall bladder useful for trainees in acquiring basic laparoscopic skills? Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 22:154\u2013160","journal-title":"Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech"},{"key":"13266_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-012-2672-y","volume":"27","author":"C Pape-Koehler","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pape-Koehler C, Immenroth M, Sauerland S, Lefering R, Lindlohr C, Toaspern J, Heiss M (2013) Multimedia-based training on Internet platforms improves surgical performance: a randomized controlled trial. Surg Endosc 27:1737\u20131747","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"13266_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2014.11.015","volume":"72","author":"S Van Bruwaene","year":"2015","unstructured":"Van Bruwaene S, Schijven MP, Napolitano D, De Win G, Miserez M (2015) Porcine cadaver organ or virtual-reality simulation training for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized, controlled trial. J Surg Educ 72:483\u2013490","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"key":"13266_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3180f61b09","volume":"246","author":"R Aggarwal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Aggarwal R, Ward J, Balasundaram I, Sains P, Athanasiou T, Darzi A (2007) Proving the effectiveness of virtual reality simulation for training in laparoscopic surgery. Ann Surg 246:771\u2013779","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"13266_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2024.101506","volume":"61","author":"A Cizmic","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cizmic A, Killat D, H\u00e4berle F, Schwabe N, Hackert T, M\u00fcller-Stich BP, Nickel F (2024) Simulation training of intraoperative complication management in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for novices-a randomized controlled study. Curr Probl Surg 61:101506","journal-title":"Curr Probl Surg"},{"key":"13266_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2020.11.009","volume":"261","author":"H Davis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Davis H, Shah A, Nayar S, Basu S, Fernandes R (2021) Evaluation of a novel laparoscopic cholecystectomy curriculum with the use of animal models and live operating. J Surg Res 261:26\u201332","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"13266_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2006.11493","volume":"136","author":"I Hassan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hassan I, Koller M, Zielke A, Lehmann K, Rothmund M, Gerdes B (2006) Improvement of surgical skills after a three-day practical course for laparoscopic surgery. Swiss Med Wkly 136:631\u2013636","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"key":"13266_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e13317","volume":"9","author":"X Zhou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhou X, Shao Y, Wu C, Zhang L, Wang J, Pan R, Sun J, Hu W (2023) Application of a highly simulated and adaptable training system in the laparoscopic training course for surgical residents: experience from a high-volume teaching hospital in China. Heliyon 9:e13317","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"13266_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2005.19.230","volume":"19","author":"D Teber","year":"2005","unstructured":"Teber D, Dekel Y, Frede T, Klein J, Rassweiler J (2005) The Heilbronn laparoscopic training program for laparoscopic suturing: concept and validation. J Endourol 19:230\u2013238","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"13266_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2012.0209","volume":"27","author":"J Klein","year":"2013","unstructured":"Klein J, Teber D, Frede T, Stock C, Hruza M, G\u00f6zen A, Seemann O, Schulze M, Rassweiler J (2013) Development, validation and operating room-transfer of a six-step laparoscopic training program for the vesicourethral anastomosis. J Endourol 27:349\u2013354","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"13266_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2014.0050","volume":"28","author":"FJ P\u00e9rez-Duarte","year":"2014","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-Duarte FJ, Fern\u00e1ndez-Tom\u00e9 B, D\u00edaz-G\u00fcemes I, Enciso S, Matos-Azevedo AM, S\u00e1nchez-Hurtado MA, Hern\u00e1ndez L, S\u00e1nchez-Margallo FM (2014) Development and initial assessment of a training program for laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. First module: the urethrovesical anastomosis. J Endourol 28:854\u2013860","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"13266_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.14315","volume":"27","author":"M Higuchi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Higuchi M, Abe T, Hotta K, Morita K, Miyata H, Furumido J, Iwahara N, Kon M, Osawa T, Matsumoto R, Kikuchi H, Kurashima Y, Murai S, Aydin A, Raison N, Ahmed K, Khan MS, Dasgupta P, Shinohara N (2020) Development and validation of a porcine organ model for training in essential laparoscopic surgical skills. Int J Urol 27:929\u2013938","journal-title":"Int J Urol"},{"key":"13266_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.06.073","volume":"268","author":"NQ Pang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pang NQ, Chua HW, Kim G, Tan MY, Bin Abdul-Aziz MND, Xu RW, Chen E, Teo SC, Khoo NX, Lomanto D, Tai BC, So JB, Chong CS (2021) Structured training for laparoscopic appendectomy for residents (STAR trial)-a randomized pilot study. J Surg Res 268:363\u2013370","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"13266_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4825","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-020-07945-2","volume":"35","author":"WF Khan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khan WF, Krishna A, Roy A, Prakash O, Jaryal AK, Deepak KK, Bhattacharjee H, Sreenivas V, Bansal VK (2021) Effect of structured training in improving the ergonomic stress in laparoscopic surgery among general surgery residents. Surg Endosc 35:4825\u20134833","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"13266_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2016.11.019","volume":"13","author":"B Zevin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zevin B, Dedy NJ, Bonrath EM, Grantcharov TP (2017) Comprehensive simulation-enhanced training curriculum for an an advanced minimally invasive procedure: a randomized controlled trial. Surg Obes Relat Dis 13:815\u2013824","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis"},{"key":"13266_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-016-4942-6","volume":"31","author":"C Boza","year":"2017","unstructured":"Boza C, Le\u00f3n F, Buckel E, Riquelme A, Crovari F, Mart\u00ednez J, Aggarwal R, Grantcharov T, Jarufe N, Varas J (2017) Simulation-trained junior residents perform better than general surgeons on advanced laparoscopic cases. Surg Endosc 31:135\u2013141","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"13266_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3486","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-012-2391-4","volume":"26","author":"J Varas","year":"2012","unstructured":"Varas J, Mej\u00eda R, Riquelme A, Maluenda F, Buckel E, Salinas J, Mart\u00ednez J, Aggarwal R, Jarufe N, Boza C (2012) Significant transfer of surgical skills obtained with an advanced laparoscopic training program to a laparoscopic jejunojejunostomy in a live porcine model: feasibility of learning advanced laparoscopy in a general surgery residency. Surg Endosc 26:3486\u20133494","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"13266_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2015.01.016","volume":"72","author":"R Castillo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Castillo R, Buckel E, Le\u00f3n F, Varas J, Alvarado J, Achurra P, Aggarwal R, Jarufe N, Boza C (2015) Effectiveness of learning advanced laparoscopic skills in a brief intensive laparoscopy training program. J Surg Educ 72:648\u2013653","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"key":"13266_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1177\/1553350616672963","volume":"24","author":"P Achurra","year":"2017","unstructured":"Achurra P, Lagos A, Avila R, Tejos R, Buckel E, Alvarado J, Boza C, Jarufe N, Varas J (2017) Allowing new opportunities in advanced laparoscopy training using a full high-definition training box. Surg Innov 24:66\u201371","journal-title":"Surg Innov"},{"key":"13266_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-023-06616-0","volume":"33","author":"V Duran Espinoza","year":"2023","unstructured":"Duran Espinoza V, Belmar Riveros F, Jarry Trujillo C, Gaete Da\u00f1obeitia MI, Montero Jaras I, Miguieles Schilling M, Valencia Coronel B, Escalona G, Tirado PA, Quezada N, Crovari F, Cohen JV (2023) Five-year experience training surgeons with a laparoscopic simulation training program for bariatric surgery: a quasi-experimental design. Obes Surg 33:1831\u20131837","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"13266_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.4293\/108680812X13462882737375","volume":"16","author":"VK Bansal","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bansal VK, Tamang T, Misra MC, Prakash P, Rajan K, Bhattacharjee HK, Kumar S, Goswami A (2012) Laparoscopic suturing skills acquisition: a comparison between laparoscopy-exposed and laparoscopy-naive surgeons. JSLS 16:623\u2013631","journal-title":"JSLS"},{"key":"13266_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.05.84","volume":"9","author":"H Ujiie","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ujiie H, Kato T, Hu HP, Bauer P, Patel P, Wada H, Lee D, Fujino K, Schieman C, Pierre A, Waddell TK, Keshavjee S, Darling GE, Yasufuku K (2017) Development of a novel ex vivo porcine laparoscopic Heller myotomy and Nissen fundoplication training model (Toronto lap-Nissen simulator). J Thorac Dis 9:1517\u20131524","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"13266_CR86","first-page":"322","volume":"9","author":"AR Jensen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jensen AR, Milner R, Gaughan J, Grewal H (2005) An inexpensive ex-vivo porcine laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication training model. JSLS 9:322\u2013327","journal-title":"JSLS"},{"key":"13266_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2005.12.010","volume":"139","author":"R Aggarwal","year":"2006","unstructured":"Aggarwal R, Hance J, Undre S, Ratnasothy J, Moorthy K, Chang A, Darzi A (2006) Training junior operative residents in laparoscopic suturing skills is feasible and efficacious. Surgery 139:729\u2013734","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"13266_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/acb360808","volume":"36","author":"MA Azevedo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Azevedo MA, Santos HMG, Oliveira GBT, Favaro ML, Cavazolla LT (2021) Training model in abdominal wall endoscopic surgery for ventral hernias. Extended totally extra-peritoneal approach (e-tep). Acta Cir Bras 36:e360808","journal-title":"Acta Cir Bras"},{"key":"13266_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2015.09.011","volume":"133","author":"S Enciso","year":"2016","unstructured":"Enciso S, D\u00edaz-G\u00fcemes I, P\u00e9rez-Medina T, Zapardiel I, de Santiago J, Us\u00f3n J, S\u00e1nchez-Margallo FM (2016) Validation of a structured intensive laparoscopic course for basic and advanced gynecologic skills training. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 133:241\u2013244","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"13266_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-004-2040-7","volume":"20","author":"M Heinrich","year":"2006","unstructured":"Heinrich M, Tillo N, Kirlum HJ, Till H (2006) Comparison of different training models for laparoscopic surgery in neonates and small infants. Surg Endosc 20:641\u2013644","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"13266_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-837600","volume":"15","author":"HJ Kirlum","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kirlum HJ, Heinrich M, Tillo N, Till H (2005) Advanced paediatric laparoscopic surgery: repetitive training in a rabbit model provides superior skills for live operations. Eur J Pediatr Surg 15:149\u2013152","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"13266_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-025-07955-5","volume":"25","author":"X Xu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xu X, Xu F, Cheng X, Wei G, Xuan K, Lu Z, Zhang G, Luo S, Lu J (2025) Evaluation of a progressive laparoscopic training program for clinical professional master\u2019s degree residents in China: skill improvement and educational implications. BMC Med Educ 25:1341","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"13266_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2026.101991","volume":"76","author":"X Xu","year":"2026","unstructured":"Xu X, Jiang Y, Xu F, Zhang M, Chen K, Zhang G, Zheng A, Lu Z, Xu C, Liu B, Zhang N (2026) A stepwise approach to laparoscopic skill development: innovation in China\u2019s standardized surgical residency training. Curr Probl Surg 76:101991","journal-title":"Curr Probl Surg"},{"key":"13266_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2008.0143","volume":"22","author":"C Jiang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jiang C, Lin T, Zhang C, Guo Z, Xu K, Dong W, Han J, Huang H, Yin X, Huang J (2008) A training model for laparoscopic urethrovesical anastomosis. J Endourol 22:1541\u20131545","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"13266_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2006.20.69","volume":"20","author":"MP Laguna","year":"2006","unstructured":"Laguna MP, Arce-Alcazar A, Mochtar CA, Van Velthoven R, Peltier A, de la Rosette JJ (2006) Construct validity of the chicken model in the simulation of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy suture. J Endourol 20:69\u201373","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"13266_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2006.20.679","volume":"20","author":"RM Yang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yang RM, Bellman GC (2006) Laparoscopic urethrovesical anastomosis: a model to assess surgical competency. J Endourol 20:679\u2013682","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"13266_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1089\/089277903769013621","volume":"17","author":"A Nadu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nadu A, Olsson LE, Abbou CC (2003) Simple model for training in the laparoscopic vesicourethral running anastomosis. J Endourol 17:481\u2013484","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"13266_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2041","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000067384.35451.83","volume":"169","author":"R Katz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Katz R, Nadu A, Olsson LE, Hoznek A, de la Taille A, Salomon L, Abbou CC (2003) A simplified 5-step model for training laparoscopic urethrovesical anastomosis. J Urol 169:2041\u20132044","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"13266_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/S1015-9584(11)60005-5","volume":"33","author":"SD Chung","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chung SD, Tai HC, Lai MK, Huang CY, Wang SM, Tsai YC, Chueh SC, Liao CH, Yu HJ (2010) Novel inanimate training model for urethrovesical anastomosis in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Asian J Surg 33:188\u2013192","journal-title":"Asian J Surg"},{"key":"13266_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2007.0380","volume":"22","author":"A Ramachandran","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ramachandran A, Kurien A, Patil P, Symons S, Ganpule A, Muthu V, Desai M (2008) A novel training model for laparoscopic pyeloplasty using chicken crop. J Endourol 22:725\u2013728","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"13266_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2009.0408","volume":"24","author":"B Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang B, Zhang ZS, Xiao L, Wang LH, Xu CL, Sun YH (2010) A novel training model for retroperitoneal laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty. J Endourol 24:1345\u20131349","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"13266_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-009-9668-0","volume":"42","author":"D Teber","year":"2010","unstructured":"Teber D, Guven S, Yaycioglu O, Ugurlu O, Sanli O, Gozen AS, Rassweiler J (2010) Single-knot running suture anastomosis (one-knot pyeloplasty) for laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty: training model on a porcine bladder and clinical results. Int Urol Nephrol 42:609\u2013614","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"13266_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2011.08.004","volume":"69","author":"R Botchorishvili","year":"2012","unstructured":"Botchorishvili R, Rabischong B, Larra\u00edn D, Khoo CK, Gaia G, Jardon K, Pouly JL, Jaffeux P, Aublet-Cuvelier B, Canis M, Mage G (2012) Educational value of an intensive and structured interval practice laparoscopic training course for residents in obstetrics and gynecology: a four-year prospective, multi-institutional recruitment study. J Surg Educ 69:173\u2013179","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"key":"13266_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-007-9209-9","volume":"21","author":"SH Teh","year":"2007","unstructured":"Teh SH, Hunter JG, Sheppard BC (2007) A suitable animal model for laparoscopic hepatic resection training. Surg Endosc 21:1738\u20131744","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"13266_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-023-04482-z","volume":"23","author":"S Grossi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Grossi S, Cattoni M, Rotolo N, Imperatori A (2023) Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery simulation and training: a comprehensive literature review. BMC Med Educ 23:535","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"13266_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0263179","volume":"17","author":"T Kubo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kubo T, Takayama T, Fujisaki A, Nakamura S, Teratani T, Sata N, Kitayama J, Nakai H, Iwami D, Fujimura T (2022) Novel high-quality and reality biomaterial as a kidney surgery simulation model. PLoS ONE 17:e0263179","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"13266_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2021.0105","volume":"31","author":"A Garc\u00eda V\u00e1zquez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda V\u00e1zquez A, Rodr\u00edguez-Luna MR, Verde J, Piantanida E, Alonci G, Palermo M, Serra E, De Cola L, Gim\u00e9nez ME (2021) Image-guided surgical simulation in minimally invasive liver procedures: development of a liver tumor porcine model using a multimodality imaging assessment. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 31:1097\u20131103","journal-title":"J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A"},{"key":"13266_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-008-0664-3","volume":"23","author":"DA Reed","year":"2008","unstructured":"Reed DA, Beckman TJ, Wright SM, Levine RB, Kern DE, Cook DA (2008) Predictive validity evidence for medical education research study quality instrument scores: quality of submissions to JGIM\u2019s Medical Education Special Issue. J Gen Intern Med 23:903\u2013907","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"13266_CR109","first-page":"73","volume":"19","author":"P Flecknell","year":"2002","unstructured":"Flecknell P (2002) Replacement, reduction and refinement. Altex 19:73\u201378","journal-title":"Altex"},{"key":"13266_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2024.09.030","volume":"303","author":"JM Ladowski","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ladowski JM, Martinino A, Peeler S, Alderete IS, Medina CK, Bartholomew A, Anwar I, Parker I, Barter S, Zani S, Williams K, Jackson KL (2024) Animal models within surgical simulation: a novel approach to the 3 Rs. J Surg Res 303:275\u2013280","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"13266_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/awf.2024.39","volume":"33","author":"E Louis-Maerten","year":"2024","unstructured":"Louis-Maerten E, Rodriguez Perez C, Cajiga RM, Persson K, Elger BS (2024) Conceptual foundations for a clarified meaning of the 3Rs principles in animal experimentation. Anim Welf 33:e37","journal-title":"Anim Welf"},{"key":"13266_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1353\/pbm.2021.0014","volume":"64","author":"M Nair-Collins","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nair-Collins M (2021) From the slaughterhouse to the laboratory bench: on the ethics of using slaughtered animals for biomedical research. Perspect Biol Med 64:173\u2013188","journal-title":"Perspect Biol Med"},{"key":"13266_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0318570","volume":"20","author":"A Milford","year":"2025","unstructured":"Milford A, De Clercq E, Louis-Maerten E, Genevi\u00e8ve LD, Elger BS (2025) How animal ethics committees make decisions - a scoping review of empirical studies. PLoS ONE 20:e0318570","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["Surgical Endoscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00464-026-13266-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00464-026-13266-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00464-026-13266-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T17:02:41Z","timestamp":1789578161000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00464-026-13266-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"references-count":113,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["13266"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-026-13266-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0930-2794","1432-2218"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0930-2794","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2218","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 August 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Jingyi Liao, Yaruo Zhang, Xiaoying Yang, Zhouwen Yang, Jianming Lai, Jun Li, Jie Zhang, Wei Li, and Jing Tian have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Disclosures","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}