{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:11:30Z","timestamp":1792782690380,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Geneva","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01swzsf04","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Surg Endosc"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Increasing technical demands and reduced operative exposure have reinforced the importance of simulation-based training in minimally invasive surgery. Robotic simulation offers an additional training modality. Yet, evidence for transfer of skills from robotic training to laparoscopic performance remains inconsistent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a single-center, randomized controlled trial including medical students enrolled at University of Geneva with no prior laparoscopic experience. Participants were randomized to either dry-lab laparoscopic training (LT) or robotic training (RT) on the da Vinci Skills Simulator. Performance was evaluated on a dry-lab laparoscopic simulator using two tasks, Peg Transfer and Precision Cutting, adapted from the Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery program. A total of 98 novices (50 in LT group and 48 in RT group) completed the study protocol.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Peg Transfer composite scores did not differ significantly between groups (LT: median 357 [IQR 232\u2013440]; RT: median 322.5 [IQR 174.2\u2013386]; 95% CI \u2212\u20095.0 to 117.0;\n                      <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u20090.074; effect size\u2009=\u20090.18). On the Precision Cutting task, the RT group had a shorter completion time than the LT group (LT: 479\u00a0s [IQR 379\u2013644.5]; RT: 294.5\u00a0s [IQR 224.5\u2013394.5]; 95% CI 116\u2013241;\n                      <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u20090.001; effect size\u2009=\u20090.54), with no significant difference in cutting deviation (LT 61.9\u2009\u00b1\u200928.1\u00a0mm; RT: 70.8\u2009\u00b1\u200930.3\u00a0mm; 95% CI \u2212\u200920.7 to 2.8;\n                      <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u20090.134; effect size\u2009=\u20090.31). Both groups showed significant within-session learning curves, with reductions in completion time of 43.2% and 36.4% for LT and RT groups, respectively (both\n                      <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u20090.001). In exploratory analyses, male sex was associated with higher Peg Transfer scores.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among novice learners, LT and RT demonstrated comparable performance on Peg Transfer composite score, with RT associated with faster task completion on a subsequent laparoscopic Precision Cutting task without a corresponding loss of accuracy. These findings suggest that robotic and laparoscopic simulation may offer similar benefits for laparoscopic skill acquisition, but warrant confirmation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical trial<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04989881).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-026-13418-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T18:41:57Z","timestamp":1790707317000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Robotic versus laparoscopic simulation training for laparoscopic skill acquisition in novices: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct04989881","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7058-0519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margarida","family":"Rocha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasser","family":"Bouhalassa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiana","family":"Shahinfar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Toso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beat","family":"Moeckli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pouya","family":"Iranmanesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"13418_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.18911","volume":"3","author":"KH Sheetz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sheetz KH, Claflin J, Dimick JB (2020) Trends in the adoption of robotic surgery for common surgical procedures. 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